Nervous Systems

Didik Setiawan, Apt

 Autonomic Nerve

Fight or Flight Rest and Digest

 Neuron Systems Overview
http://www.getb
odysmart.com/ap
/nervoussystem/
nervecells/menu
/menu.html
Overview

http://www.mat
h.montana.edu/
~pernarow/IGER
T/PICTURES/neu
ron-
structure.jpg
 http://upload.wikimedia.
org/wikipedia/commons/
thumb/a/a9/Complete_n

Neuron Cell euron_cell_diagram_en.s

vg/481px-
Complete_neuron_cell_di
agram_en.svg.png
 http://hyperphysic

Potential Actions s.phy-astr.gsu.edu

/hbase/biology/act
pot.html
1. Stimulus
A stimulus is received by the dendrites of a
2. Depolarization
Having
Thereached the action threshold, more N
Having
Thereached the action threshold, more N
3. Repolarization
The Na
4. Repolarization
With the K
5. Hyperpolarization
The
 Hyperpolarization
This is called
6. Repolarization
After
 Transmission of Impulse
(Propagation)

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/nervecell.html#c2
 Acceleration in action potential

http://media.web.britannica.com/eb-media/45/54745-004-6B1F6072.jpg
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Synapse
http://anthr
opologynet
.files.wordp
ress.com/2
008/01/neu
ron-
synapse.pn
g?w=700
http://kvhs.nbed.nb.ca/gallant/biology/synapse.jpg
 Chemical Synapse
Chemical synapse: A narrow gap between neurons (the output zone of a n
 Neurotransmitter
Postsynapti
Name Type Location(s) Function(s)
c Effect
Brain, smooth Control arousal
Dopamine Amine Excitatory
muscle levels
Effects on
Brain, smooth
Serotonin Amine Excitatory mood, sleep,
muscle
pain, appetite
Noradrenali Brain, smooth Induce arousal,
Amine Excitatory
n muscle heighten mood
Parasymathetic
Acetylcholi Excitatory & nervous Role in memory,
Acetic acid
ne (ACh) Inhibitory system, vasodilation
brainstem
Control anxiety
GABA amino acid Inhibitory Brain
level
Reduce stress,
Enkephalin Brain, spinal promote calm,
Neuropeptide Inhibitory
(opiate) cord natural
NT Removal

http://www.elsevierimage
s.com/images/vpv/000/00
0/034/34922-
0550x0475.jpg
 Reflex Arch

http://d7c2b0wpljtwf.cloudfront.net/var/ezwebin_site/storage/images/media/i
mages/e-anatomy/spinal-cord-illustrations/reflex-arc-schematic-imaios-e-
anatomy/2344857-1-eng-GB/reflex-arc-schematic-imaios-e-
http://lrn.org/
Graphics/Ner
vous/reflex.g
if
 Circuits in the Brain and Spinal Cord
Sensory neurons interneurons motor neurons

Divergence circuits

http://piratesandrevolutionaries.blogspot.com/2009/05/synaptic-circuits-in-
marieb-hoehn-human.html
Human Memory
http://www.huma
n-
memory.net/types
.html
 Memory
Fact memory: Sensory cortex
Disorders of the Nervous System
Parkinsons disease
Deathslowly,
Walk of dopaminergic
taking short,
& noradrenergic
shuffling steps,
neurons
tremorsin basal ganglia
Walk slowly,
Death of dopaminergic
taking short,
& noradrenergic
shuffling steps,
neurons
tremorsin basal ganglia
Disorders of the Nervous
System
Viral infection (HIV or herpes virus)
Encephalitis
Encephalitis
Viral infection (HIV or herpes virus)
Fever, confusion, seizures
Disorders of the Nervous
System
Epilepsy
Brain injury, birth trauma, inheritance
Brain injury, birth trauma, inheritance
Epilepsy