Campaign for

Reforms
 Aim of the Propaganda
Movement
1. Philippines as province of Spain
2. Equal right of the Spaniards & the
Filipinos
3. Representative in Spanish Cortez
4. Secularization & Pilipinasyon
5. Human Rights
Great Triumvirate
 Noli Me Tangere & El
Filibusterismo
Jose Rizal: Great
Thinker
Fray Botod, Esperanza & La Hija del
Fraile
Graciano Lopez Jaena: Great
Orator
Caiigat Cayo. Dasalan at
Toksohon
and 10 Kautusan ng mga
Marcelo H. Del Pilar: Prayle,
Great Political Analyst
The newspaper of the Propaganda
Movement

Features
the conditions
of the
Philippines
 What is the shorter
name of La Solidaridad?

Sol
The newspaper of the Propaganda
Movement
1st edition: February 15 1889

Last edition: November

15 1895
Who is the first Editor-
in- Chief of Sol?

Jaena
Members of the Propaganda
movement
Members outside the
country
Filipinos mostly in Spain had enjoy
the
freedom of the said country
but still used a different name
(penname)to
protect their family in the
Philippines
Members of the Propaganda
movement
Members inside the country
Secretly supporting the
propaganda movement in
Spain
Give financial assistant in the
publication of
La Solidaridad as well as
information
regarding the country
 Members of the Propaganda
movement
Penname
Jose Rizal: Dimasalang at Laon-
Laan
Marcelo H. del Pilar: Plaridel;
Dolores Manapat
Mariano Ponce: Naning, Tikbalang
at Kalipulako
Jose Ma. Panganiban : Jomapa
Antonio Luna : Taga-ilog
What is the penname of
Jaena?
D_ _ _ _
L____
Diego Laura
 Assosacion
Hispano-Filipino
- Conceived as early as July 1888
- Inaugurated on January 1889 in
Madrid
 La Liga Filipina
A Civic Society proposed
by
Dr. Jose Rizal
in his return to the
Philippines.
Joined by other patriotic Filipino like:
Ambrosio Salvador (President),
Agustin dela Rosa(fiscal), Bonifacio Arevalo
(treasurer), Deodato Arellano (secretary) &
members like
Andres Bonifacio
In what year was La Liga
founded?
18 _ _

1892
Aims La Liga Filipina

1 To unite the
whole
archipelago
into one strong
Aims La Liga Filipina

2 To give
mutual protection
for
all members
in case of
Aims La Liga Filipina

3 To encourage
agriculture,
commerce
and education
Aims La Liga Filipina

4 To defend the
members against
any
kind of violence &
injustice
Aims La Liga Filipina

5 To study
and apply reforms
Aims La Liga Filipina
The society was to be governed
by a supreme council, a
provincial council and popular
council
The members of the
society were
to pay a monthly due
of ten centavos
 Use of money

1 To support
the son of the
member of the
society
 Use of money

2 To support the poor

against the rich
and the powerfully
 Use of money

3 To give financial help

to any member
who suffered losses
 Use of money

4 To open
stores &shops which
with sell goods to
members
at a low price
 Use of money

5 To introduce
machines in order to
promote industries
 First meeting in July 3, 1892,
After 3 day (July 6) Rizal was arrested.
The government saw

La Liga
Filipina
as an organization capable of uniting the
Filipinos for self-reliance and defence.
They view the civic organization to be
dangerous.
Why the reform movement
failed
Spain is too busy on their own
problems
Financial difficulties

Reformist are not united

The failure of the Propaganda movement
led others to believe the
ineffectiveness of continuing a peaceful
movement
Andres Bonifacio had a different idea he
would teach the people to defend
themselves.
He establish a society that would not
anymore clamour for reforms but one
that was ready for revolution
K.K.K
What is the meaning of
KKK?
Kataastaasang
Kagalanggalangang
Katipunan ng mga Anak
ng Bayan
 Andres Bonifacio together with Teodora
Plata, Valentin Diaz, Ladislao Diwa, and
Deodato Arellano all of them belonging to
lower class of society gathered and
organized a society on July 7, 1892 called:
Ang
Kataastaasang Kagalanggalangang
Katipunan
ng mga Anak ng Bayan

K.K.K
katipuna
n
 They performed the
ancient Filipino custom of
sealing friendship and
that SANDUGUAN
Where was Katipunan
founded?

A________
Azcarraga
Recruitment of members

Triangle system:
Jose will recruit Pedro &
Juan
The new members knew
Jose but did not knew
each others
 Recruitment of members

New system was use:

To speed up the
process of enlisting
members
All members also agree to pay a
membership & monthly dues
-One real fuerte (25 centavos)- Entrance fee
- Medio real (twelve centavos)- Monthly due
 Aims of the Katipunan

civic

Principle of self-help
and the defence of the
weak
and poor
 Aims of the Katipunan
Politic
al
Separation
of the
Philippines from
Spain
 Aims of the Katipunan

Moral
Teaching of good
manners
hygiene and
good moral
 Membership
Katipo 1st grade or lowest
n pass word: Anak ng
Bayan

2nd grade
Password: Kawal
GomBurZa

Bayan 3rd grade

Password: Rizal
i
Members of Katipunan

Bayani
Katipun Kawal
 Last code
Spanish
used during
Katipunan
Alphabet Alphabet
A D

the Tejeros
B C
C B
D A

convention E
F
H
G
G F
H E
P Q I L
Q P J K
K J
R O
V L I
S
LL
T U
M N
U T
N M
W Z LL
X Y O R
Y X
Z W
Flags of the
Official Flags
Personal Flags

Katipunan
Official Katipunan Flags
Flags of the
Official Flags
Personal Flags

Katipunan
Official Flags

Magdalo Factions Flag

Magdiwang Factions flag

Naik_Mil Agreement Flag

Flags of the
Official Flags
Personal Flags

Katipunan
Personal Flags

Bonifacios Flag Gregorio Del Pilars Flag

Flags of the
Official Flags
Personal Flags

Katipunan
Personal Flags

Pio Del Pilars Flag Llaneras Skull

Supremo of Katipunan

Deodato Arellano
Roman Basa
Andres Bonifacio
Katungkulan Gagawin ng mga Anak ng Bayan
Duties of the Sons of People

Ten
commandments
of Katipunan
Andres Bonifacio

Leading thinker of the Revolution of

1896
Duties of the Sons of People

1
Love God
with all your
heart
Duties of the Sons of People

2 Bear always in mind that

love of God is also love of
country
& this too, is love
of ones fellowmen
Duties of the Sons of People

3
Engrave in your heart
that the true measure of
honor & happiness is to
die
for the freedom of your
country
Duties of the Sons of People

4
All your good wishes will be
crowned with success if
you have serenity,
constancy, reason & faith in
your acts & endeavour
 Duties of the Sons of People

5 Guard the mandates & aims

of the K.K.K as you guard your
honor

6 It is the duty of all to defend at

the risk of their own lives & wealth,
anyone who runs great risk in the
performance of his duty
 Duties of the Sons of People

7 Our responsibility to ourselves

& the performance of our duties will
be the examples set for our
fellowmen to follow

8 In so far as it is within
your power share your means
with the
Poor & the unfortunate
 Duties of the Sons of People

9 Diligence in the work that gives

sustenance
to you is the true basis of love- love for
your
own self, for your wife & children, for
1 your
Punish any scoundrel
brothers & traitor
& countrymen
0 & praise all your good works.
Believe, likewise, that the aims for
the K.K.K are God-given, for the
will of the people is also the will of
God.
Ang Kartilya ng Katipunan

Consisted of 13
teaching that
members
are expected to
take this teaching
by heart
Ang Kartilya ng Katipunan
 Kamara Negra

Andres
Emilio Dr. Pio
Bonifacio
Jacinto Valenzuela
 What was the English
term for Camara Negra?

D___
C______

Dark Chamber
 Kalayaan

Official newspaper of the Katipunan

Penname
Andres Bonifacio- Agapito
Bagumbayan
Emilio Jacinto Dimas Ilaw
Pio Valenzuela Madlang
Away
The Revolution
Conditions before the
revolution
Spanish authorities were
already suspecting a brewing
unrest related to an
underground society whose
purpose was to end Spanish
rule
Conditions before the
revolution
Friars informed the governor-
general about their suspicions
but the governor- general did
not believe them.
 Conditions before the
revolution
Secret gathering in Batangas
where rifles & other weaponry
were being smuggled occasionally
along the coast of the province.
 Conditions before the
revolution
The Governor-General in order to
pacify the friars, ordered the
banishment of some prominent
citizens of Batngas & Bulacan.
 Conditions before the
revolution
Money was difficult to get,
very few Filipinos are employed

There was no starvation

but the life of Filipino
was
far from prosperous
 Conditions before the
revolution
They suffered from heavy
taxation,
from abusive friars & civil
authorities and lack of economic
opportunities
 Conditions before the
revolution
The government was spending
millions of pesos for the army
& navy, the amount should
have spent
for public improvement is small
Very little was spent for improvements
in public works which would benefit the
people
Conditions before the
revolution
Of all the causes of people
dissatisfaction were the abuses of
the Spaniard
- friars & civil authorities.

Natives experienced physical

maltreatment in public places and
unjustly ordered to be executed or
banished to faraway places like
Guam, Jolo and Palawan.
Discovery of Katipunan

Teodoro
Patio

Sister

Madre Padre Mariano Gil

Portera
 What was the name of
Teodoro Patinos sister?

H______
Honoria
 August 30
Martial Law
in the 8 province
which rose an
arm against the
Spaniards
Gob. Hen. Ramon Blanco
What was the 8
provinces put by
Blanco under
martial law?
 Rizal

Bulacan Cavite

Laguna Tarlac

Pampanga Batangas

Nueva
Ecija
Blancos Policy of Attraction

Those who would surrender

within 48 hours after
the publication of decree
would not be subjected to
military court
Blancos Policy of Attraction

Intended to win over the

Filipinos
to the side of the
government and
thus end the
Dr. Pio Valenzuela andrebellion
his companions
took advantage of this provision
and surrender to the government
 When Katipunan was discovered on
Aug. 19 Bonifacio was in Caloocan he
decided
to move to Balintawak.

He ordered to inform the Katipuneros

that there would be meeting in
Balintawak
in Aug. 24.

Bonifacio reached Balintawak in the

afternoon and arrived the following day
Bonifacio asked his
men whether they
were prepared for
freedom &
independence.

Everyone shouted
they were prepared
to die
 Bring out your cedulas & tear
them to pieces to show that we are
prepared to take up arms!
-Andres Bonifacio

Long live the Philippines! Long live

Katipunan
-Katipuneros

Tearing of
Cedula Personal
in
Pugad Lawin
Rizals Trial & Execution
When was Rizal executed
in Bagumbayan?

December 30,
1896
Emilio Aguinaldo led the
rebels against the Spaniard in
Kawit.

He won victory after victory

and people admired his
qualities as a military leader
called him Heneral Miong
What was the other
name given to
Aguinaldo?
E_____
T____
Emilio Tanda
2 factions of Katipunan in
Cavite
Magdalo Magdiwang
Led by Led by
Baldomero Aguinaldo Mariano Alvarez.
cousin of (Naic)
Emilio Aguinaldo.
(Kawit)
 In what degree
Baldomero is Aguinaldos
cousin?

First
 The rivalry between the two factions the led to
several defeats of the revolutions.
Accompanied by his wife and Bonifacio brothers
arrived in Cavite toward the end of Dec. 1896,
he was asked to mediate between the factions.

An assembly was held in Imus Dec. 31 1896

to determine whether Katipunan should be
transformed into another body of government
 2 factions of Katipunan in
Cavite
Magdalo Magdiwang
Favored the Favored the
change in the retention of
Katipunan Katipunan
structure

Nothing was resulted form this

meeting
 The Tejeros Convention
On March 22, 1897 a convention was held at the
estate house in Tejeros (now General Trias)
led by Jacinto Lumbreras a Magdiwang

The 1st part did not went well,

on 2nd part Bonifacio with
Artemio Ricarte presided the
convention
 The Tejeros Convention

Present members agreed to

form a new government, official will be elected
by the those present in the convention
They agree to respect the outcome of the
election.
 The Tejeros Convention
The result of the election placed the following
Katipuneros into office:
President Emilio Aguinaldo
Vice President Mariano Trias
Captain General Artemio Ricarte
Director of War Emiliano Riego de Dios
Director of the Interior Andres Bonifacio
The Tejeros Convention

When Bonifacio was being proclaimed

Daniel Tirona (Magdalo)
stood up & said that Jose del Rosario an
attorney from Cavite
was more qualified for the position
and should be elected
 Hurt by the protest,
Bonifacio demanded Tirona took back what he
said but the latter refused.
Bonifacio took out his pistol & aimed at Tirona,
Ricarte was able to quickly held his hands.
 The Tejeros Convention

The angry Bonifacio being the

incumbent Supremo of the Katipunan,
declared the result of the election as
null & void.

Then he & his men hurriedly left the

place
The Tejeros
Resolution
Naik Military
Agreement
Execution of Bonifacio
brothers

The Bonifacio brothers was sentenced to be

shot to death Mayo 10, 1897.
 Aguinaldo established a republic
government at Biak-na-Bato called
Biak-na-Bato Republic

Biak na Bato in San Katipuneros in

Miguel, Bulacan Biak na Bato
In what place in Cavite
where the Bonifacio
brothers executed?
M_________
Maragondon
Aguinaldo ordered the preparation for a
constitution for the republic

Felix Ferrer & Isabelo Artacho

copied word for word the
Cuban Constitution of Jimaguayun
except for one article the Preamble

declared the aim of the revolution for the

separation of the Philippines from Spain
 A Filipino of Chinese
ancestry offered himself as
mediator and approached
Govenor Primo Rivera
 Truce in Biak na Bato
The Agreement provided the following:

1
Aguinaldo &
his men would
go to voluntary exile
According to the Truce,
where will Aguinaldo be
deported?
H_______
Hongkong
 Truce in Biak na Bato
The Agreement provided the following:

2
Primo de Rivera
would pay Aguinaldo the
sum 800,000 in 3 instalmen
400,000 upon his departure from the
Philippines
200,000 when arms surrendered to th
Spanish authorities
200,000 when general amnesty had
been proclaimed
 Truce in Biak na Bato
The Agreement provided the following:

3 Primo de Rivera
pay an additional 900,000
to families of non-combatant
Filipino who suffered
during the revolution
 Aguinaldo in Hongkong

Replacement of Govenor General Primo de

Rivera (Basilio Augustin)

Spanish American War

Aguinaldo goes
to Singapore
Interview with
the Pratt
Hongkong Junta
 Spanish American War
Politic
al
Letter of Dupuy de Lome (official of Spain
To his friend in Havana that the
American President (William Mc Kinley)
is a weak leader
 Spanish American War
Societ
y
e Cuban Revolution had won the sympat
Americans
 Spanish American War
Economi
c
Americans had big investment in Cuba
(sugar)
USS Maine Havana Harbor in
Cuba

On Feb. 15, 1898 the American

battleship USS Maine exploded at
Havana Harbor in Cuba, Spain was
blamed for the mishap
On April 25, 1898 the Congress
of the United State formally
declared the war on Spain.

However the investigation

failed to connect the explosion
to the Spaniards
Who led the Americans
in the Battle of Manila
Bay?
D____
Dewey
 Battle of Manila Bay

VS.

Admiral George Dewey Admiral Patricio

USS Olympia Montojo
Reina Cristina
Aguinaldo
returns
The Siege of
Manila
The Secret
Agreement
The Mock Battle
of Manila
The American
Terms