Presentation title

Social groups and its types

Presented by
Hamza Amjed
Imran Arshad
Nadeem Arif
Salman Amir
What Is A Social Group

When two or more persons are in a state of

interaction, it can be called simply as group
or
a number of persons with the same goals ,
expectations , values who interact with each
other
Further Definition Of Social Group

E.S Bogardus
A number of units of anything in close proximity to one
another
Ogburn & Nimkoff
Whenever two or more individuals come together and
influence one another
Arnold Green
An aggregate of individuals which is organized and having
common interest and activities
Functions of a social group
Defining boundaries
To identify who are the members of the group
Choosing leaders
By nature , groups resolve the issue of leadership. A leader is the one who
occupies central role or position of dominance and influence.
Making decisions
The combined aggregate of all the ideas , opinions and thoughts of members of
the group over an issue
Setting goals
The common ambition of the group for which they strive to perform and achieve
Assigning tasks
Each member of the group is assigned a task which he cares and look-afters and
is responsible for that
Controlling members behavior
Behaviors of the members are continually controlled because deviant behavior
of the members may be dangerous and harmful and rather fatal to the group.
Essentials for a social group
Collection of people
Communication between the people
Dependency among members
Common identity
Common feelings of unity
Common certain goals
Share norms and traditions
Types of social groups
Groups can be classified on several basis.
size
Structure
Contact
Relations
identification
Types of group on the basis of size

On the basis of size social groups are classified by a German

Sociologist George Simmel
Dyad
Contain two persons in the group. Establishes one relationship
Triad
Contain three persons in the group. Establishes 3 relations
Tetriad
Contain 4 persons. Establishes 6 relations
Pentad
Contain 5 persons. Establishes 10 realtions
Social groups on the basis of structure
and organization
On the basis of structure & organization social groups
are classified by Dwight Sanderson
Formal group
Posses rules, regulations, schedules, roles
Voluntry formal groups
Coercive formal groups
Utilitarion formal groups
Informal group
No rules and regulations. Free to do anything
Voluntary formal group
People join of their own volition
Person join the group by its own choice
Free to join or withdraw from the group at any time
Example is a company, job, organization etc
Coercive formal group
Also called as delegate group
Person join as a representive of a number of people
Join the group for their own benefits or societal benefits
Person either elected or nominated by some power
Examples is the parliament
Utilitarion formal group
Also called as involuntary group
Doesnt depend upon the persons choice
Not forced to join a particular organization but feel
compelled to join the group
People join it to achieve their own goals
Example is ones family race,caste
Informal group
Provide different but important things
Provide relaxation and reduce stress
Involve in fun activities
Help keep people good social health and welfare
Examples is the group of friends, family, passengers
sharing a bus etc
On the basis of contact, social ties
Classified by C.H Cooley
Classified into
Primary group
Secondary group
Primary group
Strong emotional attachment
Small size and informal
Stability
Similarity of background
Limited self interest
Personal relationship
Continuity of relationship
Persist over extensive period of time
Face to face interaction
WE feelings
Example = family, basket ball team etc
Secondary group
Formal and impersonal relation
Large in size
Option of membership
Less intimate and less sentimental
I feelings
Examples = political parties, business organization
On the basis of relations
Classified by George hasen into

Un- social group

Pseudo-social group
Anti-social group
Pro-social group
Un-social group
Live to themselves and for themselves
Dont participate in larger society of which they are a
part
Dont mix up with other people and remain alone
Examples= murderers, thieves etc
Pseudo-social group
Participate in the larger society
Participate only for interest and gain
Dont are for the greater good of the society
Examples= politicians, feudals etc.
Anti-social group
Act against the interest of society
Destroy public peace and property
Example= calling a strike by labor union, plans of
political parties to overthrow government
Pro-social group
Antonym of anti-social group
Work for the interests of the larger society of which they
are a part
Engaged in constructive activities and increasing
welfare of the society
Examples= Volunteers, Edhi etc
On the basis of identification
Classified by Sumner into

In group
Out group
Reference group
In group
Strong identification and loyalty with members of their
own group
The group by which an individual identifies oneself
Embodies WE feelings
Examples= family, tribe, sex, college, occupation,
religion
Out group
Contract between THEY and WE
The group to which the people feel they dont belong
Examples= We are Muslim, they are Hindus. We are
Pakistani and they are Christians
Reference group
People use as a standard in evaluating or understanding
themselves , their attitudes and their behavior
 Reference group

In group
In group In group

In group

In group

Out group
In group
any question ????