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UNIT NAME OF STUDENT STUDENT ID NO.

HST1152 COOK ROBERT ANDREW JOHN 10219073

CODE TITLE
FAMILY NAME FIRST NAME

NAME OF LECTURER DUE DATE

Sally-Anne Doherty & Gregory Ho 10/7/2015


Topic of assignment
Assessment 1 PowerPoint History of Work Health and Safety Laws

Group or tutorial (if applicable) Course K52 CAMPUS

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History of Work Health and
Safety Laws

Robert Andrew John Cook


Student Number: 10219073
Assignment 1
HST1152

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Contents
1.0 History of Occupational Health and Safety Laws

1.1 Historical developments

1.2 Industrial Revolution and Factory Acts

1.3 Robens Report and OHS Australian Laws

1.4 Chernobyl as a OHS case study

2.0 Work Health and Safety Framework

2.1 Work health and safety framework overview

2.2 Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1984

2.3 OH&S Regulations of 1996 (WA)

2.4 Australias OH&S harmonisation


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History of Occupational Health
and Safety Laws

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1.1 Historical Developments
Ancient History

OH&S dates back to 1700 BC

Earliest known OH&S law appears Early UK History

to be the Code of Hammurabi from The Australian OH&S system stems from the UKs OH&S laws

The industrial revolution sparked the significant OH&S developments


ancient Mesopotamia which helped shaped those of today

These developments began in the mid 1700s


Primitive OH&S mentality

Figure 1: The code of Hammurabi on 6


display in The Louvre, Paris. (Source:
Google Images)
1.2 Industrial Revolution and Factory Acts

Industrial Revolution

Between 1760 1840

Introduction of machine based


manufacturing

Factories relied heavily on child


labour

Helped spark and revolutionize the


Figure 2: Textiles was the first industry to be introduced by the
OH&S movement revolution (Source: Google Images)

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1.2 Industrial Revolution and Factory Acts

Factory Acts

Providing pivotal changes towards safety, social and humanitarian aspects of


factory work

Health and Morals of Apprentices Act 1802

Cotton Mills and Factory Regulations Act 1819

Factory Regulations Act 1822


Figure 3: Children were sadly victims to the revolution and some
Factory Regulations Act 1833 saw death as early as 25 due to horrific working conditions
(Source: Google Images)
Mine Regulations Act 1844

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1.3 Robens Report and OHS Australian Laws
Robens Report

Released in 1972

Consolidated all previous Factory


OHS Australian Laws
Acts
Adopted from British OHS laws (Robens Report)

Ensured regulation and Introduced and applied first in 1828 (NSW & TAS only)

The Commonwealth enacted all OHS Acts to all states in 1970s


responsibility for a safe working

Federal Election in 2007 created a national regulatory OHS system


environment (Richardson)

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Figure 4: Lord Robens Report
on Safety and Health at Work
(Source: Google Images)
1.4 Case Study: Chernobyl Disaster
The accident occurred in 1986 due to a flawed reactor design that was operated
with poorly trained personnel

Released 5% of the reactor core into the atmosphere

2 workers died immediately with 28 dying weeks later due to acute radiation
poisoning (Bennet, 2006)

In 2011 it was deemed safe and opened as a tourist attraction in Ukraine

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Figure 5 & 6: Destruction
caused by Chernobyl accident
(Source: Google Images)
Work Health and Safety
Framework

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2.1 Work Health and Safety Framework Overview

The aim of all OHS framework is eliminate or


minimize all risks to ALARP (as low as
reasonably practicable) (Australian
Government Comcare, 2008)

Acts are created through Parliament and stand


Figure 7: The legal framework (Safe Work Australia, 2013)
as official legislation

Regulations provide definitions and minimum


standards required in each workplace. They
support and clarify Acts

Guidance materials are not legislation but


provide practical guidance on how regulations
need to be applied Figure 8: Another depiction of the legal WHS
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framework (Safe Work Australia, 2013)


2.2 Occupational Safety and 2.3 OH&S Regulations of 1996
Health Act of 1984 (WA)

Safety and health in Western Safety and health in Western


Australian workplaces is regulated by Australian workplaces is
the Occupational Safety and Healthy regulated by the Occupational
Act 1984 (the OSH Act) Safety and Healthy Regulations

TheOccupational Safety and Health 1996 (the OSH regulations)

Act 1984provides for the promotion, If a regulation exists about a


co-ordination, administration and risk, you must comply with the
enforcement of occupational safety regulation before any code of
and health in Western Australia. practice or guidance note.
(Government of Western Australia,
n.d.)

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2.4 Australias OH&S Harmonisation
In mid 1980s NOHSC (National Occupational Health and Safety Commission) was
formed and created a range of OHS National Standards

In mid 2009 the NOHSC council agreed to the framework for the uniform OHS laws

The Model Work Health and Safety Act was finalized in 2011

The Commonwealth Work Health and Safety Act implements the Model Work Health
and Safety Act in Commonwealth jurisdiction, helping to form a system of nationally
harmonised work health and safety laws.

(Australian Government of Department of Employment, 2013)

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References

jl

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Any Questions?

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