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Inverter
Multi level Inverter
Harmonics & control
Genetic Algorithm
Steps in Genetic Algorithm
Budget
Why we go for inverter?
Inverter
0 DC 3.95
50 I 100
100 II 0
150 III 31.98
200 IV 0
250 V 17.65
300 VI 0
350 VII 11.27
400 VIII 0
450 IX 8.28
Voltage Waveform for Traditional
Inverter and MLI
Multi level inverter uses series of semi conductor Power diodes thus
generating higher voltage Low Switching Losses
Types of Multilevel Inverter Low EMI Problem
1) Diode Clamped MLI Staircase Voltage Waveform
2) Flying Capacitor MLI Low dv/dt stress
3) Cascaded H-Bridge MLI
Block Diagram of Multi Level Inverter
Solar PV Panel Inverter Load
Micro controller
Development of Proposed Topology I
Conduction mode for 40 Volt Battery for
Topology I
Switching Table for Topology I
Working of Proposed Topology is explained by the following
switching Table
Harmonic Pattern of MLI for proposed Topology I
Development of proposed Topology II
Conduction Mode for 40 Volt Battery for
proposed Topology II
Switching Table for Proposed Topology II
Inverter G1 G2 G3 G4 GA GA GA Ga1 Ga2 Ga3 S1 S2
output 1 2 3
Voltage
(in
volts)
195 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
180 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
165 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
150 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
135 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
120 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
105 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
90 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
75 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
60 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
45 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Inverter output Voltage (in G G G G G G G G G G S1 S2
Volts) 1 2 3 4 A A A a a a
1 2 3 1 2 3
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0
-15 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
-30 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
-45 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
-60 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
-75 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
-90 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
-105 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
-120 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
-135 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
-150 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
-165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
-180 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
Harmonics and its Control
It is reverse of encoding
It converts mutated offspring to System
parameters(Dimension)
Example
String1 11011001 00110110
Decimal 217 54
String 2 11011110 00011110
Decimal 222 30
Problem Formulation
Objective function
An objective function is needed for the optimization procedure which is a
effective measure for eliminating selected order harmonics.
The Fourier Series Expansion of the generalized stepped output Voltage of MLI with
non equal DC Sources can be expressed as
V0(wt)=cos(n) + cos(n)++* cos(n)
Where s is the number of dc sources and the product Vi Vdc is the value of the ith
Dc source.
The objective function is defined as
F()=+[
Objective Function
Minimize
F()= F(1, 2, )
Subject to: 0< 1< 2<..< m<(/2);
1 = m;
5 1;
7 2;
.
.
n n
Where 1, 2, n are the allowable limits of individual harmonics.
What is fitness function?