Introduction To The RAN14.0 Feature-CE Congestion-Caused Load-Based Inter-Frequency Handover V1.2

INTERNAL
Introduction to
the RAN14.0 FeatureCE
Congestion-Caused Load-based
Inter-Frequency Handover
www.huawei.com
Wireless Product Rollout Department
Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

About This Training
This training is based on RAN14.0. Before this training, you are
supposed to complete the following trainings on RAN13.0 and
earlier versions:

Concept of channel element (CE) resources

LDR inter-frequency load handover
Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page3
Training Objects
After this training, you are supposed to:

Understand the value and application scenarios of the CE
congestion-caused load-based inter-frequency handover
feature.
Explain basic principles of the feature.

Be able to activate and verify the feature according to the
manual.
Contents
CE Congestion-Caused Load-based Inter-Frequency
Handover Feature
1 Feature Introduction
2 Feature Planning
3 Feature Deployment
4 Performance Optimization
5 O&M and Troubleshooting
6 References and Terms
Feature IntroductionBackground
More and more concentric cells or partially overlapped cells with different
frequencies belong to different local cell groups under a NodeB on the live
network. Between local cell groups, channel elements (CEs) cannot be
shared, causing unbalanced CE consumption.
Example

Under a NodeB, F1 belongs to local cell group 1,
F2 and F3 belong to local cell group 2.
F1 Local cell group 1: Load

reshuffling (LDR) is not
triggered.
F2
Local cell group 2:
LDR is triggered.
F3
Feature IntroductionDefinition
CE congestion-caused load-based inter-frequency handover
If LDR is triggered by congestion of uplink CEs in a cell group or NodeB
that the current serving cell belongs to, UEs are selected in order of
priority and handed over to neighboring cells of other local cell
groups (or NodeBs) with light uplink CE load. In this manner, the
basic congestion caused by uplink CE resources is relieved,
reducing access failures caused by CE congestion.
Information about a peer vendor
N/A
Feature IntroductionPrerequisite
Load-based inter-frequency handover in versions earlier than RAN14.0
Certain UEs are handed over to a neighboring cell with a different frequency and
light load to relieve the congestion of a cell in the basic congestion state.
Versions earlier than RAN14.0 support only load-based inter-frequency handovers
caused by congestion of power resources or code resources.
Intra-band and inter-band blind handovers or measurement-based handovers are
supported.
-- WRFD-020103 Inter Frequency Load Balance: intra-band blind handovers or
measurement-based handovers
-- WRFD-020110 Multi Frequency Band Networking Management: inter-band blind
handovers
-- WRFD-020160 Enhanced Multiband Management: inter-band measurement-based
handovers
This feature is enhanced in RAN14.0.
Supporting load-based inter-frequency handovers caused by congestion of uplink
CEs of cell groups or NodeBs
Supporting intra-band and inter-band blind handovers or measurement-based
handovers
Inheriting main algorithms and procedures from the original load-based inter-
frequency handovers with the following differences:
-- Selecting only PS UEs for handovers
-- Selecting target cells whose CE margins are greater than the value of
UlInterFreqHoCeLDRSpaceThd New Parameter
Feature IntroductionFunctions
Basic principle: Certain UEs are handed over from cell groups or NodeBs with basic
congestion of uplink CEs to normal cell groups or NodeBs.
The threshold is determined by the

Is remaining CE fewer UlLdrCreditSfResThd
than threshold? parameter.
No
The selected UE needs to be a PS UE, Yes
have a low priority, and have a throughput
rate lower than UlInterFreqHoBWTh. Select a candidate UE. No The
InterFreqLDHOMethodSelection
parameter determines whether to perform
blind handovers or measurement-based
handovers.
The frequency band of the target cell
Yes
must be supported by the UE, and the Blind handover Blind handover or
Measurement-based
The RSCP/EcN0 of the target
remaining CEs of the cell group or handover
measurement-based cell must be greater than the
NodeB must be greater than handover? threshold, and the cell group
UlInterFreqHoCeLDRSpaceThd. or NodeB must meet
requirements on the remaining
And the state of target cell is CEs.
Select a
normal.
Select a
neighboring cell. No No neighboring
cell.
Yes Yes
Hand over the UE to the target Hand over the UE to the target
neighboring cell neighboring cell
using a blind handover. using a measurement-based
handover.
Repeat the preceding steps.
Feature IntroductionRelated Features
Required features

WRFD-020103 Inter Frequency Load Balance: intra-band blind handovers or
measurement-based handovers

WRFD-020110 Multi Frequency Band Networking Management: inter-band blind handovers

WRFD-020160 Enhanced Multiband Management: inter-band measurement-based
handovers
Mutually exclusive features

None
Affected features
None
Feature IntroductionImpacts
Impact on resource consumption
N/A
Impact on networking
This feature mainly applies to multicarrier scenarios with unbalanced CE
consumption.
Impact on network KPIs

When basic congestion caused by uplink CE resources occurs in a cell, an uplink CE-
based inter-frequency load handover is triggered to hand over some UEs to the inter-
frequency neighboring cells. This relieves the basic congestion caused by uplink CE
resources. In this way, the access failures caused by uplink CE congestion are
decreased.

In addition, this feature makes UEs processing PS services more likely to perform
inter-frequency handovers. This may slightly increase the PS call drop rate.
Feature IntroductionApplication Scenarios
Multicarrier networking scenario: The CE usage rates are unbalanced between
cell groups for various reasons (for example, different CE consumption rules,
different service layers, and different amounts of available CEs between cell
groups).
Typical scenario 1: UEs randomly camp on four carriers and the CE consumption rules
are different (on sites of Bell and Telus for example).
1900 F2 (R99+H+DC) 1900 F2 (R99+H+DC) 1900 F2 (R99+H+DC)
BHO
850 F2 (R99+H+DC) 850 F2 (R99+H+DC)
Note: One color represents one cell group.
Typical scenario 2: Services are allocated to different carriers (on sites of M1 and
StarHub for example).
2100 F4(H) 2100 F4(H) BHO
2100 F3 (H) 2100 F3 (H)
2100 F2 (H) 2100 F2 (H) 2100 F2 (H)
2100 F1 (R99) 2100 F1 (R99) 2100 F1 (R99)
Typical scenario 3: Each cell group bears different number of cells under a
multicarrier scenario (on sites of DiGi Malaysia for example).
2100 F3 (H) 2100 F3 (H) BHO
2100 F2 (H) 2100 F2 (H) 2100 F2 (H)
2100 F1 (R99) 2100 F1 (R99) 2100 F1 (R99)
Contents
Handover Feature
2 Feature Planning
4 Acceptance and Maintenance
5 FAQ
Feature Planning-Activation Suggestion and
Information Collection
In a NodeB, gains are available for an inter-frequency handover caused by

CE congestion only when License CEs of the NodeB are more than the CE
summation of all cell groups. If License CEs of the NodeB are restricted in
advance, the handover cannot relieve congestion of the cell group.
Feature PlanningVersion and License
Required versions: RAN 14.0 or later versions
License control: N/A
Feature conflict: N/A
Required features: WRFD-020103 Inter Frequency Load Balance,

WRFD-020110 Multi Frequency Band Networking Management, and WRFD-
020160 Enhanced Multiband Management
Feature PlanningNetwork Planning
Network planning
The feature applies to multicarrier networks with CE congestion.
Typical networks are described in the preceding content.
Radio frequency (RF) planing
N/A
Data planning
N/A
Acceptance planning
N/A (using conventional traffic statistics tools)
Contents
Handover Feature
2 Feature Activation Information Collection and Planning
Feature DeploymentDeployment Requirement
For various types of load-based inter-frequency handovers due to CE
congestion, activate required features.
For intra-band load-based inter-frequency handovers based on blind handover or
measurement, activate WRFD-020103 Inter Frequency Load Balance.
For inter-band load-based inter-frequency handovers based on blind handover,
activate WRFD-020103 Inter Frequency Load Balance and WRFD-020110 Multi
Frequency Band Networking Management.
For inter-band load-based inter-frequency handovers based on measurement,
activate WRFD-020103 Inter Frequency Load Balance, WRFD-020110 Multi
Frequency Band Networking Management, and WRFD-020160 Enhanced Multiband
Management.
Page20
Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Feature DeploymentInitial Configuration
Run ADD UNODEBLDR or MOD UNODEBLDR to set one of uplink LDR
actions (from UlLdrFirstAction to UlLdrEighthAction) to InterFreqLDHO.
Run ADD UCELLLDR or MOD UCELLLDR to set InterFreq Load Handover

Method Selection to blind handovers (BLINDHO) or measurement-based
handovers (MEASUREHO).
If required, run ADD UCELLLDR or MOD UCELLLDR to UL HO maximum

bandwidth (UlInterFreqHoBWThd), DL HO maximum bandwidth
(DlInterFreqHoBWThd), and Forbidden Traffic Class for inter-freq HO
(InterFreqLdHoForbidenTC).
Feature DeploymentFeature Activation
Verification Scenarios
1. Multiple cell groups cover the same areas or overlapping areas.
2. In a NodeB, License CEs are more than the CE summation of all cell groups, that
is, CEs in cell groups are insufficient first. This can be checked by viewing
VS.CE.ULAvailable.UlGroup.
View the following two new counters to check whether the feature takes
effect:
VS.HHO.AttInterFreqOut.PS.UlCE: indicates the number of inter-frequency
hard handover attempts (triggered by congestion of uplink CEs) in the PS
domain.
VS.HHO.SuccInterFreqOut.PS.UlCE: indicates the number of successful
inter-frequency hard handovers (triggered by congestion of uplink CEs) in the
PS domain.
Changes of traffic measurement counters after feature activation
1. Congestion relieving of CEs
VS.RAC.NewCallReq.Fail.ULCE.Cong: indicates the number of failures to apply for uplink CEs
during RAB establishment in a cell. The value of this counter decreases after the feature is
activated.
VS.LCC.LDR.Time.ULCE: indicates the duration when a cell is in LDR state after congestion of
uplink CEs occurs. The value of this counter decreases after the feature is activated.
VS.LCC.LDR.Num.ULCE: indicates the number of times when a cell is in LDR state after
congestion of uplink CEs occurs. The value of this counter decreases after the feature is
activated.
2. Failure rate of CS/PS service establishment when load-based inter-frequency

handovers based on measurement are triggered
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.ULCE.Cong: The value of this counter may decrease after the feature is
activated.
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.ULCE.Cong: The value of this counter may decrease after the feature is
activated.
Contents
CE Congestion-Caused Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover
Feature
2 Feature Planning
Performance OptimizationMonitoring
Check the values of the VS.HHO.AttInterFreqOut.PS.UlCE and
VS.HHO.SuccInterFreqOut.PS.UlCE counters and determine
whether an inter-frequency handover is triggered by CE
congestion.
Check the value of the VS.LCC.LDR.Time.ULCE counter and
determine whether the occurrences of uplink CE congestion are
reduced after this feature is applied.
Check the value of the VS.RAC.NewCallReq.Fail.ULCE.Cong
counter and determine whether the access failures caused by
uplink CE congestion are reduced after this feature is applied.
Performance Optimization Parameter Optimization
UlLdrCreditSfResThd (Ul LDR credit SF reserved threshold)
If the parameter value is small, credit resources are easily congested, the LDR frequently
occurs, and the feelings of accessed users are easily affected. However, CEs are available
in this case, causing a higher success rate of resource admission. The default value is
recommended.
Run ADDUCELLLDR or MOD UCELLLDR to set the parameter.

UlInterFreqHoCeLDRSpaceThd (UL InterFreq Ho CeLL LDR Space Threshold)
If the parameter value is small, UEs can easily find target cells for handovers. However, an
excessively small value parameter results in congestion of the target cell, causing inter-
frequency pingpong handovers. The default value is recommended.
Run ADDUNODEBLDR or MOD UNODEBLDR to set the parameter.
Contents
CE Congestion-Caused Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover Feature
2 Feature Planning
O&M and Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Inter-frequency blind handover due to CE congestion

a) If the success rate of inter-frequency blind handovers is low, ensure that the
quality conditions for blind handovers are high in the current cell.
b) If LDR occurs frequently due to CE congestion but inter-frequency handovers
are not triggered, verify that the neighboring cell is configured for blind handovers.
Inter-frequency measurement-based handover due to CE congestion

a) If the success rate of inter-frequency measurement-based handovers is low,
verify the quality threshold of the target cell for measurement is high.
b) If LDR occurs frequently due to CE congestion but inter-frequency handovers
are not triggered, verify that the cell is configured for measurement.
Customized Parameter
ID Parameter Description Value Recommended MML Application
Range Value Scope
UlInterFre UL InterFreq A target cell can be used for load- 2 x SF2, SF8 ADD/M RNC
qHoCeLD Ho CeLL LDR based inter-frequency handovers 2x OD
RSpaceT Space only when the uplink load margins in SF4, UNODE
hd. Threshold the corresponding cell group and SF4, BLDR
NodeB exceed the threshold. SF8,
Uplink load margin = Number of SF16,
remainings CEs Number of SF32,
reserved CEs SF64,
(UlLdrCreditSfResThd). SF128,
SF256
Add InterFreqLDHO to LDR action parameters (from UlLdrFirstAction to

UlLdrEighthAction).
Counter
Counter Description
VS.HHO.AttInterFreqOut.PS.UlCE (new) Indicates the number of inter-frequency hard handover attempts triggered by
congestion of uplink CEs in the optimal cell.
VS.HHO.SuccInterFreqOut.PS.UlCE (new) Indicates the number of successful inter-frequency hard handovers triggered
by congestion of uplink CEs in the optimal cell.
VS.CE.ULMean.UlGroup (existing) Indicates the average uplink CEs consumed by all cells of the uplink cell
group.
Contents
CE Congestion-Caused Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover
Feature
2 Feature Planning
References
RAN14.0 Load Control Feature Parameter Description
Terms
LDR: load reshuffling
Thank you
www.huawei.com

Introduction To The RAN14.0 Feature-CE Congestion-Caused Load-Based Inter-Frequency Handover V1.2

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INTERNAL

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Explain basic principles of the feature.

5 O&M and Troubleshooting

6 References and Terms

F1 Local cell group 1: Load

The threshold is determined by the

Repeat the preceding steps.

Mutually exclusive features

1900 F2 (R99+H+DC) 1900 F2 (R99+H+DC) 1900 F2 (R99+H+DC)

1900 F1 (R99+H+DC) 1900 F1 (R99+H+DC) 1900 F1 (R99+H+DC)

850 F1 (R99+H+DC) 850 F1 (R99+H+DC) 850 F1 (R99+H+DC)

850 F2 (R99+H+DC) 850 F2 (R99+H+DC)

Note: One color represents one cell group.

2100 F4(H) 2100 F4(H) BHO

2100 F3 (H) 2100 F3 (H)

2100 F2 (H) 2100 F2 (H) 2100 F2 (H)

2100 F1 (R99) 2100 F1 (R99) 2100 F1 (R99)

Note: One color represents one cell group.

2100 F3 (H) 2100 F3 (H) BHO

2100 F2 (H) 2100 F2 (H) 2100 F2 (H)

2100 F1 (R99) 2100 F1 (R99) 2100 F1 (R99)

Note: One color represents one cell group.

4 Acceptance and Maintenance

6 References and Terms

In a NodeB, gains are available for an inter-frequency handover caused by

License control: N/A

Feature conflict: N/A

Required features: WRFD-020103 Inter Frequency Load Balance,

2 Feature Activation Information Collection and Planning

5 O&M and Troubleshooting

6 References and Terms

Run ADD UCELLLDR or MOD UCELLLDR to set InterFreq Load Handover

If required, run ADD UCELLLDR or MOD UCELLLDR to UL HO maximum

2. Failure rate of CS/PS service establishment when load-based inter-frequency

5 O&M and Troubleshooting

6 References and Terms

Run ADDUCELLLDR or MOD UCELLLDR to set the parameter.

Run ADDUNODEBLDR or MOD UNODEBLDR to set the parameter.

5 O&M and Troubleshooting

6 References and Terms

Inter-frequency blind handover due to CE congestion

Inter-frequency measurement-based handover due to CE congestion

Add InterFreqLDHO to LDR action parameters (from UlLdrFirstAction to

5 O&M and Troubleshooting

6 References and Terms

RAN14.0 Load Control Feature Parameter Description

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