1.

2 APPLICATION AREAS OF HEAT

TRANSFER

Depending on the type of material they are made of,

electronic equipments generate heat when there is a
current flow through them. The generated heat will result in
an increase in the temperature of these equipments. The
increase in temperature has a great effect on their
appropriate functioning. To avoid malfunctioning they Have
to be continuously cooled.
1.2 APPLICATION AREAS OF HEAT
TRANSFER

On average, an adult male must lose heat at a rate of

about 90 watts as a result of his basal metabolism. When
the surrounding is at a temperature below body
temperature (370C), this heat can be lost by the three
standard heat transfer mechanisms (conduction, convection
and radiation). But when the ambient temperature is above
370C, all three heat transfer mechanisms work against this
heat loss by transferring heat into the body. Our ability to
exist in such conditions comes from the efficiency of cooling
by the evaporation of perspiration.
1.2 APPLICATION AREAS OF HEAT
TRANSFER

Recent buildings include hear transfer in their design analyses due

to several reasons which include:
Safety against thermal expansions and stresses,
Effective use of air conditioning systems,
Utilization of renewable energy systems, etc.
1.2 APPLICATION AREAS OF HEAT
TRANSFER

Furnaces and steam generators (boilers) interact through

heat transfer in most power plants. Heat may also be
lost from the steam to the environment through piping
system. The steam condenses within the condenser by
transferring heat to the externally supplied cooling water .
1.2 APPLICATION AREAS OF HEAT
TRANSFER

The greenhouse effect refers to circumstances where the short

wavelengths of visible light from the sun pass through a transparent
medium and are absorbed, but the longer wavelengths of then
infrared re-radiation from the heated objects are unable to pass
through that medium. The trapping of the long wavelength
radiation leads to more heating and a higher resultant temperature.
A major part of the efficiency of the heating of an actual
greenhouse is the trapping of the air so that the energy is not lost
by convection.
1.2 APPLICATION AREAS OF HEAT
TRANSFER

In a refrigeration system, the refrigerant interacts

with its surrounding through heat transfer. It absorbs
heat from food items and releases it to the
surrounding.