Analysis of Biomass and Biofuels

as source of energy

With your favorite host

Bikramjeet Singh
B.Tech(hons)IT_MBA(intg)
 Technology
and
Environmental Impact
of
Biomass & Biofuels
Technology
Biomass technology today serves many markets
that were developed with fossil fuels and modestly
reduces their use

Uses - Industrial process heat and steam, Electrical

power generation, Transportation fuels (ethanol
and biodiesel) and other products.

Primary focus of the Biomass Program

development of advanced technologies.
Current Focus
Platform technologies

Sugar Platform Technology

Thermochemical Platform Technology

Bio-refinery
A facility that integrates biomass conversion
processes and equipment to produce fuels,
power, and chemicals from biomass.

Analogous to today's petroleum refineries

It is based on the Sugar Platform and the

Thermochemical Platform
Bio-diesel

Made by transforming animal fat or vegetable

oil with alcohol .

Fuel is made from rapeseed (canola) oil or

soybean oil or recycled restaurant grease.

Directly substituted for diesel either as neat fuel

or as an oxygenate additive
 Jatropha

Biodiesel from Jatropha

Seeds of the Jatropha nut is

crushed and oil is extracted

The oil is processed and

refined to form bio-diesel.
Gasification Technology

Gobar gas Production

Biogas

Synthesis gas
Gasification
A process that uses heat, pressure,
and steam to convert materials
directly into a gas composed primarily
of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
.
Raw Materials for Gasification
Gasification

Products of gasification :
* Hydrocarbon gases .
* Hydrocarbon liquids (oils).
* Char (carbon black and ash).
Gasifier Plant
Gasifier Plant
Gobar gas

Gobar gas production is an anaerobic

process

Fermentation is carried out in an air tight,

closed cylindrical concrete tank called a
digester
Environmental Concerns

Air Pollution

Soil Deterioration
Air Concerns

Biomass processing technologies and biofuels use

have the potential to increase emissions of ozone
precursors
o Increase in Nox emissions
Combustion of ethanol would result in increased
atmospheric concentrations of carcinogens
Soil Concerns
Burning biomass deprives local eco-systems of
nutrients
Increased use of pesticides and fertilizers to
produce energy crops contaminate ground and
surface water
# Affects fish and wildlife
Environmental Benefits

Reduction of waste
Extremely low emission of greenhouse gases
compared to fossil fuels
Ethanol is Carbon neutral and forms a part of
the carbon cycle
Growing variety of crops increases bio-diversity
 Bio Mass
Biomass already supplies 14 % of the worlds
primary energy consumption. On average,
biomass produces 38 % of the primary energy in
developing countries.

Fertilizers as by product.

Average electricity generation of 5.5kWh per

cow per day!!
Thank You