HOMOGENEOUS

CHEMICAL BALANCE IN
GAS PHASE
DETERMINATION OF THE BALANCE CONSTANT IN
A HOMOGENEOUS GASEOUS PHASE REACTION
 OBJECTIVES

Studythe homogeneous gaseous phase reaction of the

dissociation of the acetic acid dimer.
Calculate
the entalpy and entropy with the
thermodynamics data
Calculatethe equilibrium constant of a homogeneous
reaction in gas phase.
INTRODUCTION
close system where P and T are constants, the steady state is
In a

reached when the total energy of gibbs is minimal with respect to all
possible changes

Meaning: In the equilibrium, can happen changing differencial of the

system without changes in Gt
The Gibbss enegy change for the reaction is given by:
=RTln
Where ,Ka,is the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction

The

entalpy change of a reaction in function of the

Gibbs energy change, for a reaction, is given by:

Reaccommodate the terms:

Replacing:
In this practique
We are going to study the homogeneous reaction in a gas

phase of the dissociation of the acetic acid dimer.

The glacial acetic acid is an asimetric structure molecule,

which achieves a 0 dipolar moment when it forms simetric
dimers, with a hydrogen link, canceling the dipolar moment

The equilibrium is given by:


The

dimerization of the acetic acid has been always study

because for the huge number of reseachers using a great
variety of experimental techniques
The equilibrium constants are defined by:

Recently, the reaction has been studiedfor the use on density

medition and vapor pressure techniques. The results has shown
that clearly, the heterodimer is considerable more stable that
any othe homodimer
Experimental
development
The equilibrium will be
determined at different
temperatures

Then install the system as

shown in the figure
 Place 10 ml of glacial acetic
acid in a syringe and weigh it.
Then insert the syringe into
the system plug and connect
the differential pressure
gauge.
 To measure the
thermal expansion of
enclosed air, heat the
bath with the system
inside and measure
the pressure at 30, 40,
50 and 60 C. Take
the pressure
difference at each
temperature.
Drain the bath water, add cold
water and re-insert the system
into the bathroom. Wait for the
system temperature to stabilize.
Inject the acetic
acid in the
syringe and heat
to 30, 40, 50 and
60 C. Record
the pressure at
each
temperature.
Drain the water from the
bath and add cold water
before uncapping the flask.
This is to minimize acetic
acid vapors.
Calculations

Pressure Pressure of non-dissociation

Taylor's equation Dissociation energy

=4(2Pi-P)

Results Discussion

It is known that from the

When plotting LnK vs 1 / T we
equilibrium constant and
can observe the change of the
temperature, we can obtain
constant with respect to the
the H and S from the
temperature and pressure.
equations seen in theory.
That is, the equilibrium in the It is concluded that we can
dimerization changes with
determine the enthalpy and
respect to the temperature at
entropy from the data obtained
which the system is located.
in practice.
 Tabla de datos y resultados para el sistema con 0.1 ml de AcAc

T AcAc D AcAc Paire Pacido P (mmHg) Pi (mmHg) K 1/T Ln(K)

(C) (ml) (g/ml) (mmHg) (mmHg)

30 0.1 1.05 19 53 34 33.0845 128.676 3.30E-03 4.8572

40 0.1 1.05 41 73 32 34.1758 145.40 3.19E-03 4.9794

50 0.1 1.05 54 85 31 35.2672 158.1376 3.09E-03 5.0634

60 0.1 1.05 79 97 18 36.3585 218.868 3.00E-03 5.38846

 Grfica lnK vs 1/T
5.5

5.4

5.3

5.2

5.1

5
lnK
4.9

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.5
2.95E-03 3.00E-03 3.05E-03 3.10E-03 3.15E-03 3.20E-03 3.25E-03 3.30E-03 3.35E-03

1/T
Conclusions

In this practice it can be concluded that in a closed system, we can calculate the equilibrium constant from data obtained with different temperatures, thus varying the
pressure of the system.

In conclusion, having an acetic acid dimer will have two bridges of hydrogen, therefore the enthalpy will be given by the heat of reaction necessary to break these two
bridges of hydrogen.

Then in the practice performed, it will be possible to determine the equilibrium constant at different temperatures.

The reaction of the dosiciation and dimerization of the acetic acid, is very studied for multiple researching porpuses, it can be in thermodynacs reas or chemistry and
physical chemistry,
As this may be the basis for the demonstration of experimental techniques in addition to the study of the characteristics of a dimerization in different phases and for systems
of more components .