Qushay Umar

Malinta

qushay20019@gmail.com
0813 993 993 85
 SKDI : Daftar Penyakit -
Respirasi
Influenza 4 Respiratory stress TB with
3B 2
Pertussis 4 syndrome pneumothorax
Bronchial asthma 4 SARS 3B Cystic fibrosis 2
Acute Bronchitis 4 Avian influenza 3B Pleuritis Cancer 2
Bronchogenic
Bronchopneumonia 4 Status asmaticus 3B 1
carcinoma
Uncomplicated Pneumonia 3B Lung infarction 1
4
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Aspiration pneumonia 3B Lung abscess 1
TB with HIV 4 Pulmonary embolism 1
Atelectasis 3B
Tumor mediastinum 1
3 Lung oedem 3B
Bronchiolitis Apnea attacks 3B
A
3 Pleural Effusion 3B
Bronchiectasis
A Tension pneumothorax 3B
Bronchopulmonary 3
Hematothorax 3B
dysplasia A
3
Multi Drug Resistance TB
A
3
Lung emphysema
A
Chronic Obstructive 3
Pulmonary Disorder A
SKDI: Daftar Keterampilan Klinik - Respirasi
Pemeriksaan Fisik
1 Penilaian respirasi 4
2 Inspeksi dada 4
3 Palpasi trakea 4
4 Palpasi fremitus taktil 4
5 Perkusi paru dan dasar paru 4
6 Auskultasi paru 4
Pemeriksaan Diagnostik
7 Persiapan dan pemeriksaan sputum 4
8 Pengambilan cairan pleura (pleural tap) 1
9 Uji fungsi paru/ spirometri 3
10 Uji provokasi histamine 2
11 Tes alergi 2
12 Tes provokasi hiperventilasi 3
13 Scan perfusi/ ventilasi 1
14 Bronkoskopi 1
Keterampilan Terapeutik
15 Dekompresi jarum 3
16 Pemasangan WSD 3
17 Ventilasi tekanan positif pada bayi baru lahir 3
18 Perawatan WSD 4
Why are we having this
lecture, Sir?
To make you able to:
Understand the relation of respiratory-related
diseases mentioned in the SKDI with each
pathophysiological and physiological concepts
respectively
Identify most important concepts in physiology
that are needed to understand those respiratory-
related diseases in SKDI
Plan your independent learning of those concepts
wisely so it can match your very tight schedule as
a medical student and as a human being
 How does the body work?
PHYSIOLOG
Y What are the normal
processes?

NORMAL
STRUCTUR
E&
FUNCTION disrup
tion PATHOLOGI
C
CONDITION
What went PATHOPHYSIOL
WRONG? OGY
Where do PHYSIOLOGY play its Pathologi
role? c
MEDICAL -No structural
PHENOMENON: disruption
functional disorder
Norma -With structural
disruption organic
l disorder

Studie Macro Micro Infection

s
Congenital
Structur Anatomy Histology
e Neoplasm
Hereditary
Functio PHYSIOLO Biochemist
n GY ry St Immunologic
CLINICAL ud Metabolic
MEDICINE ie
s Trauma
DIAGNOSI THERAPY Degenerative, etc.
S
PATHOPHYSIOL
Basic Concepts of
Respiration Physiology

~ qui ~
Respiration Physiology

1. Structure overview
2. Respiration mechanics
3. Gas exchange
4. Gas transport
5. Respiration control
1. Structure overview

Respiratory tract:
Conducting zone: warming, humidification, filtration, cleaning
Respiratory zone: external respiration
1. Structure
overview (micros.)
 2.
Respiratio
n
Mechanics
What is this?
 Intrapulmonary pressure
vs intrapleural pressure
Inspiration vs expiration
Forced vs relaxed
breathing
Compliance vs elastance

Spirometry: pulmonary
function test obstructive/
restrictive disorder
Law of Laplace
vs Surfactant
Lung volumes & lung capacities
Obstructive disorders
asthma, emphysema, etc.
 3. Gas
Exchange
Partial pressure of
gasses
disorders: O2 toxicity,
decompression sickness
Pulmonary circulation:
alveolar & bronchial
Blood PO2 & PCO2
measurements

Dead space:
anatomical DS +
alveolar DS =
physiological DS
Ventilation / Perfusion Ratio
(V/Q)
4. Gas Transport

Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin: heme &
defects:
globin structure // function
Hemoglobin gases
affinity:
Oxyhemoglobin (HbO), vs
Deoxyhemoglobin (Hb- O2), vs
O2 transport
HbO dissociation curve
CO2 transport
Ventilation & acid-base balance

Ventilation:
CO2 + H2O H2CO3
H2CO3HCO3 - + H+

Alkalosis vs
acidosis

Acidosisvsacide
mia
Acid-base imbalance
5. Neuronal & Chemical Control of
Breathing

Chemoreceptor
afferent
respiratory center
efferent
respiratory muscle

Respiratory center:
medulla oblongata
& pons
 Chemoreceptor:
glomus caroticum
glomus aorticum

[O2] & [CO2]

receptors
Neuronal Control Chemical Control
of Breathing of Breathing
LOCAL CONTROL TO MATCH AIRFLOW &
BLOOD FLOW
Increased
in:

Ventilation rate & depth

Decreased
in:
Modified respiratory actions: reflex & voluntary
6. Interdependence Of Respiratory
System And Other Systems In The Body

Role of other
systems to
respiratory
functions

Role of respiratory
functions to other
sytems
Danke schoen

Reference:

Fox- Human Physiology 12th ed (2011)

Sherwood - Human Physiology 7th ed (2010)
Standar Kompetensi Dokter Indonesia (2006)
Tortora - Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 13th ed
(2012)