*Group 8

1. L Th Hng Thy 12128148

2. V Th Phng Hin 12128047
3. Nguyn Phc Thnh 12128141
4. Khnh Linh 12128071
5. Lng Hng Vit Tin
6. V c Huy
7. Bi Quyn c
 *background
a cultural, social, and artistic
explosion

inHarlem, New York

Betweenthe end ofWorld War Iand

themiddle of the 1930s.
 *Why Harlem?
To the North The Great
The huge migration Migration
After World War I

The
African
Urban
Americans
areas

Harlem The largest The Northeast and

Midwest
(175,000) New York City (750,000)
neighborhood
 *Who made up the Harlem
Renaissance?
*In the early 1920s

a great cultural movement known as The Harlem Renaissance.

congregated, forming a vibrant mecca of cultural affirmation

and inspiration
*Characteristics
 1. The Jazz age
- This period is known as the
Jazz Age

- Some writers bring Jazz music

into their writing --> it went
hand-in-hand with them
 2. Modernism

Many writers used modernistic techniques to represent

African American life

Incorporating the rhythms of Jazz music and dialects of

African American culture into poetry and prose
 2. Modernism

His poetry is the great mix

between blues, hymns, chat
language and folk traditions.
 3. The Great Migration
- Before the Civil War in the 1860s, African Americans had
been kept in slavery in the South.

- After the Civil War they were freedom, and most of them
stayed in the rural South
 3. The Great Migration
series of laws calledJim Crow laws were passed.
3. The Great Migration
4. Racial division

- White people would show up at clubs in Harlem hoping to

mix with black residents.

- Some black people and mixed-race individuals also

attempted to "pass" as white.
 5. URBANITY

*By 1930, there were over 200,000 black

Americans living in Harlem.

*They moved to New York City for the promise of

a new dawning of opportunities and ready to
fight the injustices.

*New York represented he promise of social,

political, and personal progress.
 6. SOCIALISM/COMMUNISM

*Political thoughts and philosophies

were freely explored.

*Socialism and communism were

favorites of the more politically
minded writers.
 7. HIGH/LOW CULTURE

*The Harlem Renaissance practically invented the whole idea of mixing high
culture with low culture.

*The writers of the HR were drawing on the blues, jazz, gospels -> harken back to
the folk traditions of Africans and African Americans.

*The writers of the HR liked to show off their books smart.

*Writers didn't want to favor one kind of culture over another.

 MAIN THEMES

RACE CULTURAL
IDENTITY
PRIDE REBIRTH
RACE PRIDE
In America, Black People
= second class citizen.

Being slaves and lived in theSouth

under very poor living condition.

Move to the North and

created The Great Migration
in Harlem, New York.

Fight to end race discrimination.

RACE PRIDE
In 1909, NAACP [Hip hi Quc gia v S tin b ca Ngi Da mu] -
founded by W. E. B. Du Bois - a historian.
Fight for legislation to protect
African-American rights.
RACE PRIDE
Appear many famous black
writers, works - reflected
their desire - end the racial
discrimination.

Contribute to a certain
relaxation of racial
attitudes among Whites.
IDENTITY
o Their right - severely limited.
o Being denied a rightful share.

Totally depended on
White people.

Lose their identity

IDENTITY
Move to Harlem, hope about a stable economy, equality.

Have to achieve freedom recognition of the society

rejection of racial discrimination
equality of employment opportunity

Want to fight for an

independent life through using Assert Black people were
literature. also intelligent.
CULTURAL REBRITH

Harlem Renaissance positively impacted on the African-American

culture.

culture of blacks had improved through music, art, and literature.

Assert their black identity - Change the way whites had look at them

Thanks to literature and black culture the Black gained the respect
of the White
MAIN WORKS
 Langston Hughes (1902
1967)
Was born in Joplin, Missouri

Was an American poet, social activist,

novelist, playwright

Was one of the most influential writers

Writing poetry in high school

In 1920s, studied at Columbia University
in New York
*In 1924, moved to Harlem, New York and got
interested in the jazz, blues activities

*In 1929, received a bachelors degree

*In 1953, testified before the Senate

committee

*Died in New York after a surgery in 1967

*I, too, sing American
Consist of typical 2 themes:

*Race

*Freedom
 *RACE
*America's history of racial oppression

*white Americans will recognize black Americans as their

equals, and be ashamed of their previous prejudice
 *FREEDOM
*The big goal

*Equal to white Americans

 James Weldon Johnson

+ Born on June 17, 1871, in Jacksonville, Florida.

+ An American author, educator, lawyer, diplomat, songwriter, andcivil

rightsactivist.
+ A principal in a grammar school.

+ EstablishingThe Daily Americannewspaper in 1985.

+ The first Chief Executive Secretary of the NAACP in 1920.

+ The first African-American professor atNew York University in 1934.

 An Ex-Colored Man

+ The most well-known book

+ Originally publishedanonymouslyin 1912
+ Republished in 1927 byAlfred A. Knopf
+ Become famous all the time
 * Themes
*Refect issues of race and discrimination
+ Being refused by his father
+ Being discriminated in class

*Identity
+ whether he is black or white
+ Do not know where he belongs in society
*"Passing" as White
+ Have to choose whether being a white man or a black man

*Self-interest and self-sacrifice

+ Pursuing worldly success and material wealth

+ Fight for his rights as a proud African American

God's Trombones: Seven Negro
Sermons in Verse

published in 1927
The most remembered work of Johnson
 A brief poem whose speaker is a prayer
leader

presented as both an authentic

transcription of an oral performance
and a lyric poem
 *Gods Trombones consists of
seven sermons
1.Listen, Lord A Prayer
2.The Creation
3.The Prodigal Son
4.Go Down Death A Funeral Sermon
5.Noah Built the Ark
6.Let My People Go
7.The Judgment Day
 Summary
*the preacher was a unifying focus for illiterate
people

*hoped these poems would demonstrate the

oratorical skills of the black clergymen

*increase the respect granted to them

*Identify

*No right for African American

*Theme
 *Let My People Go
*told the biblical story of Moses and his work freeing the
Hebrew slaves from Egypt

*hint at the parallels between the enslavement of the Hebrew

children of God and the slavery of the African children of God
in the United States