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J(12700061)
A
(12700157)
(12700085)
(12700173
(12700207
(1270019
(127002
(127002
(12700
 Bronchitis Bronchitis
Acute bronchitis is inflammation of the
mucous membranes of
Cause the bronchi, the airways
that carry airflow from the
Treatment trachea into
Bronchitis thebelungs.
can
Chronic Bronchtis
divided into two
categories, acute and
Cause chronic, each of which
has distinct etiologies,
Treatment pathologies, and
therapies.
 Bronchitis Acute bronchitis is
characterized by the
Acute bronchitis development of a cough, with
or without the production of
Cause sputum, mucus that is
expectorated (coughed up)
Treatment Acute
from thebronchitis often
respiratory occurs
tract.
during the course of an acute
Chronic Bronchtis
viral illness such as the
common cold or influenza.
Viruses cause about 90% of
Cause cases of acute bronchitis,
whereas bacteria account
Treatment for fewer than 10%
 Only about
Acute 510%is
bronchitis ofmost
bronchitis
often
Bronchitis
cases are
caused bycaused
virusesbythat
a bacterial
infect
infection.
the Most cases
epithelium of theof bronchi,
bronchitis
Acute bronchitis
are caused by a viral infection and
resulting in inflammation and
are "self-limiting" and resolve
Cause increased
Cough,
themselves
secretion
a common of mucus.
symptom
in a few weeks.
of acute bronchitis, develops
Treatment As most
in an cases oftoacute
attempt expel bronchitis
the
are caused
excess by viruses,
mucus antibiotics
from the lungs.
Chronic Bronchtis should not generally be used, since
Other common
they are effectivesymptoms
only against
include
bacteria.sore throat, runny
Cause
nose, nasal congestion
Using antibiotics
(coryza), in patients
low-grade fever,
Treatment without bacterial infections
pleurisy, malaise, and the
promotes the development of
production of sputum.
antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which
 Treatment for acute bronchitis is
Bronchitis primarily symptomatic. Non-
steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Acute bronchitis
(NSAIDs) may be used to treat
fever and sore throat.
Cause Decongestants can be useful in
patients with nasal congestion,
Treatment and expectorants may be used to
loosen mucus and increase
Chronic Bronchtisexpulsion of sputum.
Cough suppressants may be used
if the cough interferes with sleep
Cause or is bothersome, although
coughing may be useful in
Treatment expelling sputum from the
airways. Even with no treatment,
most cases of acute bronchitis
 Bronchitis Chronic bronchitis, a type of
chronic obstructive pulmonary
Acute bronchitisdisease, is characterized by
the presence of a productive
Cause Other
cough symptoms
that lasts formay include
three
wheezing
months orand more shortness
per yearoffor at
Treatment breath,
least twoespecially
years. upon
Chronic bronchitis
exertion. The cough most often
is often
develops
Chronic Bronchtisworse soondue to recurrent
after awakening,
injury
and tosputum
the the airways caused
produced may
by inhaled
have a irritants.
yellow or Cigarette
green color
Cause
smoking
and may isbethe most common
streaked with
Treatment cause, followed by air
blood.
pollution and occupational
exposure to irritants.
 Most cases of chronic bronchitis
Bronchitis
are caused
Chronic by smoking
bronchitis is caused
cigarettes or other forms of
Acute bronchitis by recurring injury or irritation
tobacco.
to the respiratory epithelium
Cause of the bronchi, resulting in
Chronic
chronic inhalation of irritating
inflammation, edema
Treatment fumes or dust
(swelling), andfrom occupational
increased
exposure
production orof
airmucus
pollution may
by goblet
Chronic Bronchtisalso
cells.be causative.

About
Airflow5% of and
into the out
population
of the has
Cause
chronic
lungs isbronchitis, and it is two
partly blocked
Treatment times
becausemore common
of the in females
swelling and
than
extrainmucus
males.in the bronchi or
due to reversible
 Chronic
The mostbronchitis
effectiveismethod
treated of
Bronchitis symptomatically. Inflammation and
preventing chronic bronchitis and
edema of theofrespiratory
other forms COPD is toepithelium
avoid
Acute bronchitismay be reduced with inhaled
smoking cigarettes and other forms
corticosteroids.
of tobacco.
Wheezing and shortness of breath
Cause On pulmonary
can be treated by tests, a bronchitic
reducing
(bronchitis) may
bronchospasm present a decreased
(reversible
FEV1 and FEV1/FVC. However, unlike
Treatment narrowing of smaller bronchi due to
the other common
constriction obstructive
of the smooth muscle)
disorders, asthma and emphysema,
Chronic Bronchtis bronchitis rarely causes a as
with bronchodilators such
high
inhaled Adrenergic agonists and
residualanticholinergics
inhaled volume. Hypoxemia,
Cause too little oxygen
However, oxygen insupplementation
the blood, can
This
be is because
treated with the air flow
supplemental
can result in found
obstruction decreased
in respiratory
bronchitis is due
Treatment oxygen.
drive, leadingresistance,
to increased to increased bloodin
which,
levels of carbon
general, does not dioxide
causeand
the airways
subsequent respiratory acidosis.
to collapse prematurely and trap air
Thank You