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Forms of Deviant

Behavior and
Social
Meaning of Social
Problem
A situation affecting a significant number of
people that is believed by them and/or by a
significant number of others in the society to
be a source of difficulty or unhappiness.
Forms of Deviant
Behavior
A. Drug Abuse
One form of deviant behavior is drug abuse.
Drug abuse relates to the subjective effects on
the individual when he takes the drug. It can be
simply defined as the repeated misuse of drugs.
Classification of Drugs
1. Sedatives (Depressant Drugs)-drugs that exert
calming effects on the nervous system. They
are chemicals that relieve anxiety or sedate
and induce sleep.
2. Stimulants(upper of pep pills)-drugs
increase the alertness and physical disposition
of the individual. They reduce hunger and
provide a feeling of well being.
3. Hallucinogens or psychedelics-drugs capable
of provoking changes of sensation, thinking,
and self-awareness and emotion.
4. Narcotics drugs that relieve pain and
induce sleep and make one drowsy and relaxed.
They are taken by injection, subcutaneously or
intravenously.
Causes of Drug Abuse
1. Socio-cultural deprivation such as rejections, inadequate
stimulation and communication and other deficiencies in
the family setting.
2. Faulty model and learning. Faulty parent-child and
family interaction has been studied to be the origin of
children who are poorly equipped for adult
responsibilities and role behavior.
3. Lawlessness and alienation. This is characterized by the
breakdown of social norms and regulations,
disorganization and undesirable peer model. Alienation is
an intense feeling of separation and withdrawal from
societys established values and subculture from the
individuals goals and life meaning.
4. Pathogenic family patterns. A stable family
may be defined as one in which at least one
parent has a continuous physical and
affectionate relationship with the children.
Higher proportions of drug users are
products of parental separation, death, and
parental absence.

5. Peer group association. Peer group


influences individuals attitude even towards
drug abuse.
Common Signs of Drug
Abuse
1. Changes in behavioral patterns.
2. Changes in appearance.
3. Changes in mood.
Alternative Solutions
1. Strengthen family relationship;
2. Nationwide campaign on the ill-effects of
misused drugs;
3. Strengthen the guidance program of the
school;
4. Introduction into the curriculum, particularly
in the secondary level the subject on drugs
and drugs abuse prevention;
5. Establishment of student centers wherein
the skills and talents of the students are
harnessed and developed; and
6. Initiate a year-round sports program within
an without the school.
B. Crime
A crime is a violation of any one of the
specific norms that we call laws. Conviction for
violation of a law results in application of
certain sanctions or punishment to the
offenders, which can range from fines to
imprisonment to death.
Serious offenses are classified as:
1. Crime against person;
2. Crime against property;
3. Crime against chastity; and
4. Crime against morale and orders.
Causes of Crime
1. Lack of parental guidance;
2. Lack of cooperation between the community
and police authorities;
3. Laxity on the part of law enforces to
implement the laws;
4. Breakdown of some Filipino values;
5. Association with undesirable elements of
society;
6. Proliferation of undesirable and obscene
literature;
7. Violence in movies and television.
Alternative Solutions
1. Strengthen family relationship;
2. Coordination and cooperation between police
authorities and the community;
3. Strong relationship between the church and
the family;
4. Weeding out the misfits and scalawags in our
law enforcement agencies;
5. Complete ban on smut magazines and other
undesirable reading materials; and
6. Restrictions of violent films and sex movies.
C. Prostitution
Prostitution is said to be the oldest profession
in the world. It is a problem, which is more
serious than many of the more popularly
recognized sociological problems that confront
thePhilippines
Types of Prostitution
1. Female Prostitutes these refer to the
women who make use of sex as a means of
livelihood. They are either kept in brothels or
of the roaming type commonly called street
walkers.
2. Male Prostitutes Male prostitutes usually
caters to homosexual males, matrons and
other women clients. They roam around in
conspicuous places like the lobbies of
department store and hotels or gay bars
where homosexual flock.
3. Child Prostitutes Child prostitutes are
becoming rampant nowadays with the influx
of foreign tourists in our shores.
Causes of Prostitution
1. Poverty One gets into prostitution either voluntarily or
involuntarily. This is usually the case of luring innocent
women from the provinces into working in the city with
a tempting promise of better working opportunities
coupled with sugar-coated words of becoming rich.
2. Acculturation Sociologist consider acculturation as one
basic factor for the existence and proliferation of
prostitution, particularly in poor countries.
3. Tourism The influx of tourist in the country and the
organized sex tour catering to Japanese and European
tourist, have resulted in the proliferation of houses of
prostitution and sex dens.
D. Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome[AIDS]
Acquired immune deficiency Syndrome or AIDS
has its foothold in Central Africa, in the area of
Zaire. The virus can be transmitted by means of
bodily fluid of an infected person, especially
semen and blood. The saliva of afflicted person
can also transmit the dreaded disease through
kissing or oral genital intercourse.
Prevention and Control of
AIDS
1. Stick to only one partner;
2. Test donated blood;
3. Educate the people on the ill-effects of AIDS
and how they may be able to control the
disease;
4. Report immediately persons who are
afflictedbythe virus; and
5. Submit yourself for regular check-up.
Meaning of Social Control
Society has different ways in making its
members conform and behave according to its
norms and standards. This process of making
its members play their roles as expected of
them is termed social control.
Types of Social Control
1. Informal Social Control can best be
observed in a primary group or small society
like remote rural areas where one knows
everyone.
2. Formal Social Control when society
becomes more complex, formal social
control is needed to maintain control over
the behavior of its members.
Some mechanisms Used to
encourage Conformity
1. Pakikisama.
2. The tendency to level an individual who is
out of line.
3. Indirect method of criticism or gossip.
4. Curbing of anti-social attitudes by making
him painfully aware of his shortcomings.
Collective Behavior,
Social Movement
and Social Change
Collective Behavior
Meaning of Collective Behavior
Collective behavior refers to social behavior
that is relatively spontaneous, transitory,
emotional, and unpredictable. It refers to crowd
behavior, rots and panics, social movements,
and publics. Collective behavior refers to types
of group actions in which level of
institutionalization islow.
Determinants of Collective Behavior
1. When the existing pattern of social
organization is inadequate and irrelevant for
coping with the challenge everyday life.
2. When there is an increasing indication that
the social control is becoming weaker to
check on the deviation committed by
members.
3. When people are faced with a new and
different situation which they have never
encountered.
Characteristics of Group Involves in
Collective Behavior
1. It is composed of relatively large number of
people;
2. Relative anonymity prevails;
3. They are usually temporary in nature; and
4. They lack formal organization in terms of an
established system of differentiated
positions.
Types of Collective
Behavior
A. Crowds
Crowd is temporary collection of people who
are reacting to the same stimulus for a
particular period or duration. An example of
crowd is a collection of people watching a car
accident.
Types of crowd
1. Casual Crowd cluster of people who are
gathered together because of an event or
happening.
2. Conventional Crowd people are gathered
because of a pre-arranged activity.
3. Expressive Crowd formed around an event
that has emotional appeal.
4. Acting Crowd- members are actually
involved in the event.
There are three forms of acting
crowd. These are:
1. Riots refer to the restless, unorganized
behavior of crowds whose actions are
directed against one another or targets.
2. Mobs -acting crowd that becomes violent is
termed mob, a highly emotional crowd in
common pursuit of some violent or
destructive goals.
3. Orgy this is a ravel crowd which
transgresses the normal mores.
Explanation For Crowd Behavior
Theories that explain Crowd Behavior:
1. Contagion Theory Gustav Le Bon, (1968) an
early French Thinker, believed that when
people are in crowds, a collective
consciousness emerges.
2. Convergence Theory this theory stress the
idea that participants in crowds are basically
revealing their true selves.
3. Emergent-Norm Theory Ralph Turner and
Lewis Killian have developed an emergent-
norm theory of crowd dynamics.
B. Hysteria and Panics
Panic and hysteria are related forms of collective
behavior characterized by brightened emotions
people dispersed over a wide area.

Panic is a form of localized collective behavior by


which people react to some stimulus with emotional,
irrational, and often self-destructive behavior.

Mass Hysteria is a form of dispersed collective


behavior by which people respond to a real or
imagined event with irrational, frantic behavior.
C. Crazes, Fads and
Fashions
1. Fads is an unconventional social pattern
that is enthusiastically embraced by a large
number of people for a short time.
2. Fashions is a social pattern favored for a
time by a large number of people. Fashion
may be in the form of changes in the styles
of clothing, hairstyles, houses or cars.
3. Crazes develop when a particular object is
given an unusually high value, and as a
result serves as one of the obsessions of
individuals.
D. Rumor and Gossip
Rumor is unsubstantiated information spread
informally, often by word of mouth. Rumors
have always been an element of social life,
but the means of transmitting them have
change dramatically in thelast century.
Rumors has three essential
characteristics:
1. Rumor thrives in a climate of ambiguity.
Rumor grows when people deprived of definitive
information about some topic of interest.
2. Rumor is changeable. As a rumor circulates, it
is altered so that variations of the accounts add
to the confusion. Which details change depends
largely on the interests of those involved.
3. Rumor is typically difficult to stop. The number
of people who have heard the rumor increases
its geometric progression as each person
spreads the information to several others.
E. Public Opinion
One form of highly dispersed collective
behavior is public opinion, which is defined as
widespread attitudes toward one or more
controversial issues.
Social Movements
Meaning of Social Movements
-A social movement is a collectivity acting
with some continuity to promote or resist a
change in the society or group of which it is a
part.
-A social movement is an interrelated and co-
acting unity of persons with some degree of
organizational continuity aimed to promote or
to resist change in the society of which it is a
part.
Three characteristics
distinguish social movements
from other types of collective
behavior:
1. High degree of internal organizations;
2. Typically longer duration; and
3. Deliberate intent to recognize society itself.
Classification of Social Movement:
1. Expressive Movement occurs when people
come to terms with their external reality not
by modifying it, but by modifying their
reactions to that reality. It is the result of
feelings of powerlessness and an inability to
flee from an undesirable situation.
2. Reform Movement attempt to modify a part
of society. It is directed at changing certain
aspects of the social class structure or
segment of the power distribution of a social
system.
3. Revolutionary Movement kind of movement
aims to overthrow the existing social system
and place it with a newer and better social
system. The reformer wishes to correct some
of societys imperfection.
4. Resistance Movement are developed
because of the dissatisfaction people felt
with fast pace of social change.
Stages in the Development of Social
Movement:
Stage 1: Emergence
-Social movements are driven by the perception
that all is not well. Some movements are born of wide
spread dissatisfaction. Others merged only as a small
group that increases public awareness of some issue.

Stage 2: Coalescence
-After emerging, a social movement must define
itself clearly and develop a strategy for becoming
public. Leaders must determine policies and tactics,
build morale, and recruit new members.
Stage 3: Bureaucratization:
-To become established, a social movement
must assume bureaucratic traits. As it becomes
routinized, a social movement depends less on
the charisma and talents of a few leaders and
more on a capable staff.

Stage 4: Decline
-Social movements are inherently dynamic,
so decline is not necessarily demise. Eventually,
however, most social movements reach a point
of decline.
This may be attributed to the following:

1. Accomplishments of many of its goals;


2. Poor leadership and lost of interest in its
goals;
3. Selling out and bribery;
4. Repression of members by the authorities;
and
5. It becomes established and accepted as a
part of the system.

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