ZXWR RNC

Power Control
Content

Uplink Open Loop Power Control

Downlink Open Loop Power Control

Uplink Inner Loop Power Control

Downlink Inner Loop Power Control

HSDPA Power Control

2
Uplink Open Loop Power Control

3
Uplink Open Loop Power Control - PRACH
Purpose: Estimate the initial transmit power of physical channels such as
PRACH, DPCCH and DPDCH, and mainly refers to determining the
PRACH transmit power.

PRACH Initial Transmit Power:

Preamble_Initial_Power = Primary CPICH DL TX power CPICH_RSCP
+UL interference + Constant Value
- Primary CPICH DL TX power: transmit power of P-CPICH which is
broadcasted in SIB5 or SIB6.
- CPICH_RSCP: the channel code power of CPICH measured by UE.
- UL interference: uplink interference, which is measured by NodeB and
updated in real time in SIB7.
- Constant Value (ConstVal): related with the cell environment and the
service rate on PRACH, broadcasted in SIB5 or SIB6.

If Preamble_Initial_Power > MaxRACHTxPwr, Preamble_Initial_Power =

MaxRACHTxPwr.

4
Uplink Open Loop Power Control - PRACH
If Preamble_Initial_Power > MaxRACHTxPwr, Preamble_Initial_Power =
MaxRACHTxPwr.

If no response (+1 or -1) of AICH is received after the first PRACH

preamble composed, UE selects a new signature in the next timeslot.

Increases the preamble transmit power by Power Ramp Step (PRStep).

The transmit power of the control part of PRACH message is:

PRACH_C_Power = Preamble_Initial_Power+sum(PowerRampStep)+Pp-m

- Pp-m(POPpm): power offset between the control channel and the last
PRACH preamble which is related to the PRACH message TFC.
- Similar to uplink DPDCH and DPCCH, the power of the PRACH
message control part and data part is controlled by the gain factor c and d
.

5
Uplink Open Loop Power Control - DPCCH & DPDCH
cd d

Scode
DPDCH I
I+jQ

DPCCH Q S

cc c j

PDPCCH c 2
( )
PDPDCH d

6
Uplink Open Loop Power Control - DPCCH
Uplink DPCH Open Loop Power Control mainly determine the initial
transmit power of DPCCH, and the gain factor c and d of the uplink
DPCCH and DPDCH.

DPCCH_Initial_power = DPCCH_Power_offset - CPICH_RSCP

DPCCH_Power_offset = Eb/N0 + (NT+IT) PG + CPICH_TX_Power

- Eb/No: quality factor of the DPCCH PILOT domain (DpcchPilotEbN0).

- NT+IT: uplink interference, measured by NodeB updated in SIB7.
- PG: Processing Gain, which equals to the DPCCH Spreading Factor
256.

c and d are set fixed value according to the TFC.

7
Downlink Open Loop Power Control

8
Downlink Open Loop Power Control Common Physical Channels
Downlink common physical channels transmit power and parameters:

Channel Parameter Default Activation Ratio %

P-SCH PschPwr -3dB (1w) 10% 0.5%

S-SCH SschPwr -4dB(0.79w) 10% 0.39%

P-CPICH 33dBm(2w) 100% 10%

PcpichPwr

P-CCPCH BchPwr -3dB(1w) 90% 4.5%

PCHSCCPCH PchPwr -3dB(1w) 10% 0.5%

FACHSCCPCH MaxFachPwr -1dB(1.6w) 10% 0.8%

PICH PichPwr -7dB(0.4w) 10% 0.2%

AICH AichPwr -7dB(0.4w) 10% 0.2%

9
Downlink Open Loop Power Control P-SCH Power
Primary Synchronization Channel and Secondary Synchronization
Channel are used in cell search procedure;
Cell search procedure includes:
- Slot synchronization
- Frame synchronization and acquire the scrambling code group number
- Identify the Primary Scrambling Code

- P1: P-SCH transmit power

- P2: S-SCH transmit power
- P3: P-CPICH transmit power
- PTOT : Maximum downlink transmit power (MAXDlTxPwr )
- PI : Total received power from other cells
- PR: Total received power from serving cells
- P-SCH load factor : P1/(P1+P2)
- SCH load factor : (P1+P2)/ PTOT
- P-CPICH load factor : P3/ PTOT
- Geological factor G: PR / PI, (-6,6)dB, -6dB means cell border

10
Downlink Open Loop Power Control P-SCH & S-SCH Power
= 0.5, = 0.1, G = -3
Vs cell search time
initial
search
15.0% 43.35 ms
12.5% 57.46 ms
10.0% 96.27 ms
7.5% 297.3ms
5.0% 2476 ms

- The initial cell search time increases greatly when is less than 10%
but changes little when is larger than 10%.
- The larger the is, the less power the other downlink physical channel
can use.

11
Downlink Open Loop Power Control P-SCH & S-SCH Power
= 0.1, = 0.1, G = -3
Vs cell search time
initial search
0.5 96.27 ms
0.55 82.23 ms
0.6 74.47 ms
0.65 69.63 ms
0.7 67.18 ms
0.75 68.41 ms

- The initial cell search time decreases when the P-SCH power increases.
- The second step of cell search (Frame synchronization) is more efficient
than the first step (Slot synchronization), so takes the value around 0.6.

12
Downlink Open Loop Power Control P-CPICH Power
= 0.5 = 0.1, G = -3
Vs cell search time
initial search
12.5% 96.15 ms
10% 96.27 ms
7.5% 108.13 ms
5% 155.79 ms
2.5 1462.5 ms

- The initial cell search time increases greatly when is less than 5%
but changes little when is larger than 10%.
- P-CPICH is used to do channel estimation, so 10% is recommended.

13
Downlink Open Loop Power Control P-CCPCH Power

Simulation results of Sectors/site 3

The Impact of Cell Site to site distance [m] 6000
Search on System Log-normal fading std [dB] 10
Performance in WCDMA
from IEEE. Correlation distance [m] 28.85
Speed [km/h] 120
The simulation settings
Handover margin [dB] 3
of ETSI Vehicular A
environment are listed in Maximum active set size 2
the right table. Maximum power for one TCH [W] 1
Maximum BS power for all TCH [W] 18
Power for CPICH [W] 1
Required Eb/No [dB] 7.9
Processing gain [dB] 26.8

14
Downlink Open Loop Power Control P-CCPCH Power
Downlink Transport Channel C/I Vs SCH+P-CCPCH power

The best value of

SCH+PCCPCH
power is 0.5w
which is -3dB
compare to the P-
CPICH power
setting in the
simulation
environment

15
 Downlink Open Loop Power Control P-CCPCH Power
Downlink Transport Channel C/I Vs P-SCH/P-CCPCH power

The acceptable
range of P-SCH/P-
CCPCH is [-10,0]dB,
ZTE takes the value
of 0dB which is -3dB
compare to the P-
CPICH power setting
in the simulation
environment.
.

16
Downlink Open Loop Power Control S-CCPCH
S-CCPCH carries PCH and FACH;
There is no inner loop power control for the S-CCPCH, so the
maximum power of S-CCPCH is configured.

S-CCPCH carrying PCH uses SF128 code. Test results of paging

shows the paging failure ratio does not change much when the PCH
power takes the value of -3dB, -1dB and 0dB. So the default value is
-3dB.

S-CCPCH which carries FACH uses SF64 code, the maximum power
is -1dB and the transmit power is changed according the TFC of FACH.

17
Downlink Open Loop Power Control DPCH
Determine the initial DPCH transmit power;
Eb
N 0
Ptx ,CPICH
Ptx ,total
req
Ptx ,init
PG E
c cpich
N 0

- PG: Processing Gain

- Ptx,CPICH: P-CPICH transmit power
- Ec-cpich/N0: CPICH Ec/N0(dB) reported by UE
- : Orthogonal Factor, 0.5
- Eb/No: Eb/No of the service configured corresponding to the current
rate of the access service.

18
Downlink Open Loop Power Control DPCH
Traffic Class Data Rate Downlink Traffic Eb/N0 (dB)
Conversational DL WAMR6.60k~23.85k 7.5
Conversational DL 64K(PS Conversational Video) 5.2
Conversational DL NAMR4.75k~12.2k 7.5
Streaming PS64k 1.7
Streaming PS384k 0.9
Streaming PS128k 0.9
Streaming CS64k 1.7
Interactive PS8k 6.9
Interactive PS64k 4.8
Interactive PS384k 0.9
Interactive PS128k 4.5
Background PS8k 6.9
Background PS64k 1.7
Background PS384k 4.7
Background PS128k 0.9

19
Uplink Inner Loop Power Control

20
Uplink Inner Loop Power Control
The specifications define following inner loop power control:
- Receiver measures the SIR (Eb/No) of each radio link and compare
with the target SIR (SIRtarget) which is set fixedly according to the
service type.
- If SIR>= SIRtarget, Receiver sends a TPC command 0 to Transmitter;
- If SIR< SIRtarget, Receiver sends a TPC command 1 to Transmitter;
- Transmitter changes the transmit power according to the TPC
command value. The delta value is TPC_cmd*TPC_STEP_SIZE (
TpcStepSize).

21
Uplink Inner Loop Power Control
The specification 25.214 defines two uplink inner loop power control
method which is configured by parameter UlIlPcAlg in OMCR.
- Algorithm 1: the UE transmit power can be adjusted every timeslot,
and transmit power can be increased or decreased.
- Algorithm 2: UE transmit power is adjusted every five timeslots, and
transmit power can be increased, decreased or not changed.

Current Parameters Configuration:

- Algorithm 1 tracks the fluctuating of channel better than Algorithm 2.
- According to the network deployment now (Feb, 2009), there is no
continuous coverage (no macro-diversity gain) and only one carrier (no
load balancing), Algorithm 1 is recommended.

22
Downlink Inner Loop Power Control

23
Downlink Inner Loop Power Control
UTRAN adjusts the current downlink power P(k-1) to the new transmit
power P(k) according to the following formula:

P(k) = P(k - 1) + PTPC(k) + Pbal(k)

- PTPC(k): the kth power adjustment value;

- Pbal(k): correction value to balance the power of radio links.

24
Downlink Inner Loop Power Control
Two downlink inner loop power control method can be configured by
parameter DPCMode in OMCR:
- Mode 1: UE sends a TPC command at each timeslot. The UTRAN
adjusts the transmit power at each timeslot according to the TPC
command.
- Mode 2: UE sends the same TPC command for three timeslots. The
UTRAN adjusts the transmit power once every three timeslots
according to the TPC command.

The step to adjust the downlink transmit power is configured by

parameter TpcDlStep.

Current Parameters Configuration:

- Mode 1 tracks the fluctuating of channel better than Mode 2.
- According to the network deployment now (Feb, 2009), there is no
continuous coverage (no macro-diversity gain) and only one carrier (no
load balancing), Mode1 is recommended.

25
HSDPA Power Control

26
HSDPA Power Control HSDPA total power alloction

Free allocation of NodeB

- The total power used by HSDPA (HS-SCCH & HS-PDSCH) shall not
exceed [Maximum cell power - downlink transmit R99 power (including
common physical channels power)];

- In each TTI, NodeB reports the TSSI (Transmitted Signal Strength

Indicator),
R99 power = TSSI HSDPA used power

- In the next TTI, the available HSDPA power is:

HSDPA total power = Maximum cell power - R99 power

27
HSDPA Power Control HS-SCCH power setting
NodeB determines the HS-SCCH power according to the CQI-
based outer loop power control algorithm
PHSSCCH PCPICH ( Es / No) hsscch 9 ( Es / No) hspdsch Pdelta

PCPICH: Refers to the receive power of pilot channel (Unit: dBm).

(Es/No)hsscch is constantly 1.2dB.
: refers to the MPO (MeasPwrOffset).
(Es/No)hspdsch = -4.5 + CQI dB;
Pdelta: the value obtained based on HS-SCCH BLER outer loop
adjustment.

28
HSDPA Power Control Measurement Power Offset (MPO)
UE shall assume a total received HS-PDSCH power:

PHSPDSCH PCPICH

- the total received power is evenly distributed among the HS-PDSCH

codes of the reported CQI value
- the measurement power offset is signaled by higher layers
- the reference power adjustment is given by specifications

In case that the number of HS-SCCH is 2, simulation shows:

- the highest cell throughput is achieved when MPO=6dB;
- the average scheduled UE number falls down when MPO exceeds
7dB.
- the average HS-PDSCH number scheduled falls down when MPO
exceeds 6dB.

The default value of MPO is 6dB

29
HSDPA Power Control Measurement Power Offset (MPO)
Items Settings Items Settings

Average number of user

Running Time for Simulation 10 seconds 10
per cell

Inter-site Distance 2000m Category of user 8

Number of Cells 21 Mean acceleration of UE 0

Path Loss Model 128.2+37.6log[d(km)] Flow Controller YES

Lognormal fading
Shadowing fading model Scheduler PF
Standard Dev 8dB

Max Transmit Power 41.2dBm Max retransmission No. 3

Combination of
Power of CPICH 31.2dBm CC
retransmission

Number of HS-SCCH 2 Receiver Rake

Power control of HS-SCCH Based on CQI Number of HS-DSCH 14

Max power of each HS-SCCH 0.5W Power of HSDPA 65%

Min power of each HS-SCCH 0.02W Channel model PA3

Number of HARQ processes 8 Orthogonality factor 0.6

30
HSDPA Power Control Measurement Power Offset
MPO)
Average Cell Throughput Vs MPO
the highest cell throughput is achieved when MPO=6dB

31
HSDPA Power Control Measurement Power Offset
MPO)
Average Scheduled User No. Vs MPO
the average scheduled UE number falls down when MPO exceeds 7dB

32
HSDPA Power Control Measurement Power Offset
MPO)
Scheduled HS-PDSCH No. Vs MPO
average scheduled UE number falls down when MPO exceeds 7dB

33
Parameters

34
Power Control Parameters - ConstVal

Parameter name PRACH Initiation Tx Power Constant Value(dB)

Abbreviated name ConstVal

This parameter is the correction value when calculating

Description
the initial transmission power of PRACH preamble.

Range and Step [-35, -10]dB step 1dB

Unit dB

Default Value
-18dB
(note)

35
Power Control Parameters - PRStep

Parameter name PRACH Preamble Power Ramp Step(dB)

Abbreviated
PRStep
name

This parameter indicates the power ramp step used by

the UE when it does not receive any responses from
Description AICH after sending a preamble. This parameter is used
to be added to the previous power, and then the next
preamble is sent at this new power.

Range and Step [1, 8]dB step 1dB

Unit dB

Default Value
1dB
(note)

36
Power Control Parameters - POPpm
Parameter Power Offset between PRACH Control Part and PRACH
name Data Part

Abbreviated
POPpm[MAX_ PRACH _TFC]
name

This parameter indicates the power offset between control

part of the PRACH message part and the last preamble. It
Description should be configured for each TFC. Where
MAX_PRACH_TFC=32.

Range and
-5 10 dB step 1dB
Step

Unit dB

Default Value
22
(note)

37
Power Control Parameters - DpcchPilotEbN0

Parameter name DPCCH Pilot Field Eb/N0(dB)

Abbreviated name DpcchPilotEbN0

This parameter indicates the quality factor of the UL

DPCCH PILOT domain which is a constant used for
Description
calculating the UL DPCCH power offset for a newly
accessed call.

[-30, +30]dB
Range and Step
step 0.1dB

Unit dB

Default Value
Next slide
(note)

38
 Power Control Parameters - DpcchPilotEbN0
Conversational UL 3.4kbps Signaling(AM): 3dB Background UL PS 64kbps: 3dB
Conversational UL AMR 6.60~23.85kbps: 3dB Background UL PS 384kbps: 5dB
Conversational UL 64kbps (PS Conversational Video): 3dB Background UL PS 128kbps: 3dB
Conversational UL NAMR 4.75~12.2kbps: 3dB Interactive UL PS 1024kbps: 5dB
Conversational UL CS 28.8kbps: 3dB Interactive UL PS 2.048Mbps: 5dB
Conversational UL CS 32kbps: 2dB Interactive UL PS 3. 072Mbps: 5dB
Conversational UL CS 64kbps: 3dB Interactive UL PS 4.096Mbps: 5dB
Streaming UL CS 14.4kbps: 3dB Interactive UL PS 5.76Mbps: 5dB
Streaming UL CS 28.8kbps: 3dB Background UL PS 1024kbps: 5dB
Streaming UL CS 57.6kbps: 3dB Background UL PS 2.048Mbps: 5dB
Streaming UL CS 64kbps: 3dB Background UL PS 3. 072Mbps: 5dB
Streaming UL PS 64kbps: 3dB Background UL PS 4.096Mbps: 5dB
Streaming UL PS 384kbps: 5dB Background UL PS 5.76Mbps: 5dB
Streaming UL PS 128kbps: 3dB Streaming UL PS 1024kbps: 5dB
Interactive UL PS 64kbps: 3dB Streaming UL PS 2.048Mbps: 5dB
Interactive UL PS 384kbps: 5dB Streaming UL PS 3. 072Mbps: 5dB
Interactive UL PS 128kbps: 3dB Streaming UL PS 4.096Mbps: 5dB
Streaming UL PS 5.76Mbps: 5dB

39
Power Control Parameters - PschPwr

Parameter name Primary SCH Power(dB)

Abbreviated name PschPwr

PSCH transmission power. This parameter is the offset

Description
relative to PCPICH power.

Range and Step [-35, +15]dB step 0.1dB

Unit dB

Default Value
-3dB
(note)

40
Power Control Parameters - SschPwr

Parameter name Secondary SCH Power(dB)

Abbreviated name SschPwr

SSCH transmission power. This parameter is the offset

Description
relative to PCPICH power.

Range and Step [-35, +15] dB step 0.1dB

Unit dB

Default Value
-4dB
(note)

41
Power Control Parameters - PcpichPwr

Parameter name P-CPICH Power(dBm)

Abbreviated name PcpichPwr

This parameter indicates the transmission power level

Description of the Primary CPICH (Common Pilot Channel), which
is an absolute value.

Range and Step [-10.0, 50.0]dBm step 0.1dBm

Unit dBm

Default Value
33.0dBm
(note)

42
Power Control Parameters - BchPwr

Parameter name BCH Power(dB)

Abbreviated
BchPwr
name

BCH transmission power. This parameter is the offset

relative to PCPICH transmission power. BCH is mapped
Description
one to one to PCCPCH physical channel. In addition,
one cell only contains one PCCPCH/BCH.

Range and Step [-35, +15]dB step 0.1dB

Unit dB

Default Value
-3dB
(note)

43
Power Control Parameters - PchPwr

Parameter name PCH Power(dB)

Abbreviated name PchPwr

This parameter indicates the transmission power of the

Description PCH mapped on the SCCPCH, which is a power offset
relative to the PCPICH power.

Range and Step [-35, 15]dB step 0.1dB

Unit dB

Default Value
-3dB
(note)

44
Power Control Parameters - MaxFachPwr

Parameter name Maximum FACH Power(dB)

Abbreviated name MaxFachPwr

This parameter indicates the maximum transmission

power of the FACH which is mapped on the SCCPCH.
Description
This parameter is the relative value based on the
PCPICH transmission power.

Range and Step [-35, 15]dB step 0.1 dB

Unit dB

Default Value
-1dB
(note)

45
Power Control Parameters - PichPwr

Parameter name PICH Power(dB)

Abbreviated name PichPwr

This parameter indicates the PICH transmission power,

Description
which is an offset relative to the Primary CPICH power.

Range and Step [-10, 5]dB step1 dB

Unit dB

Default Value
-7dB
(note)

46
Power Control Parameters - AichPwr

Parameter name AICH Power(dB)

Abbreviated name AichPwr

This parameter indicates the AICH transmission power,

Description
which is an offset relative to the Primary CPICH power.

Range and Step [-22, 5]dB step 1dB

Unit dB

Default Value
-7dB
(note)

47
Power Control Parameters -TpcStepSize

Parameter name TPC Step Size (dB)

Abbreviated name TpcStepSize

This parameter indicates the TPC step size for uplink

inner loop power control. Only when inner loop power
Description conrol algorithm 1 is selected, this parameter needs to
be configured. For algorithm 2, default value of TPC
step size is 1 and this parameter is not needed.

Range and Step 1dB, 2dB

Unit dB

Default Value
1dB
(note)

48
Power Control Parameters -UlIlPcAlg
Parameter name Uplink Inner Loop Power Control Algorithm

Abbreviated
UlIlPcAlg
name

This parameter indicates which uplink inner loop power

control algorithm is used. For algorithm 1 inner loop
Description
power control is done every time slot. For algorithm 2
inner loop power control is done every 5 tim slots.

1: Algorithm 1
Range and Step
2: Algorithm 2

Unit N/A

Default Value
1: Algorithm 1
(note)

49
Power Control Parameters - DPCMode
Parameter name DPC Mode

Abbreviated
DPCMode
name

This parameter indicates which downlink inner loop

power control algorithm is used. There are two kinks of
Description downlink inner power control algorithm: single TPC and
TPC triplet in soft. And which algorithm to be used
should be configured to UE.

0: Single TPC
Range and Step
1: TPC Triplet in Soft

Unit N/A

Default Value
0: Single TPC
(note)

50
Power Control Parameters - TpcDlStep
Parameter
TPC DL Step Size(dB)
name

Abbreviated
TpcDlStep
name

This parameter indicates downlink inner loop power control

adjustment step length. Usually with stable channel
Description
condition, this value is small; in worse radio environment,
this value is larger.

Range and
0.5 1 1.5 2dB
Step

Unit dB

Default Value
1dB
(note)

51
Power Control Parameters - MeasPwrOffset

Parameter name HS-PDSCH Measurement Power Offset(dB)

Abbreviated name MeasPwrOffset

This parameter indicates the assumed HS-PDSCH

Description power offset relative to P-CPICH/S-CPICH power used
for CQI measurement.

Range and Step [-6, 13]dB step 0.5 dB

Unit dB

Default Value
6
(note)

52
Power Control Parameters List
Name Default Value TRUE Value
ConstVal -18dB -18dB
PRStep 1dB 1dB
POPpm [2, 2]dB [2, 2]dB
DpcchPilotEbN0 slide 35 slide 35
PschPwr -3dB -3dB
SschPwr -4dB -4dB
PcpichPwr 33.0dBm 33.0dBm
ScpichPwr 0dB 0dB
BchPwr -3dB -3dB
PchPwr -3dB -3dB
MaxFachPwr -1dB -1dB
PichPwr -7dB -7dB
AichPwr -7dB -7dB
TpcStepSize 1dB 1dB
UlIlPcAlg 1: Algorithm 1 1: Algorithm 1
DPCMode 0: Single TPC 0: Single TPC
TpcDlStep 1dB 1dB
MeasPwrOffset 6dB 6dB

53