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CENTRAL
TENDENCY
Important Measures
Arithmetic Mean
Median
Mode
Weighted Mean
Geometric Mean
Arithmetic Mean
448 449 450 444 447 449 457 451 446 448
7 3 2 6 5 2 2 6 8 9
Example # 2: The following are the figures of profit earned
by 1400 companies during 2009-2010. Calculate the average
profits of all the companies .
Profits No of
Companies
200 up to 400 500
1200 up to 1400 80
1400 up to 1600 20
Example # 3
Weights Kg Frequency
30 up to 40 18
40 up to 50 37
50 up to 60 45
60 up to 70 27
70 up to 80 15
80 up to 90 8
Median
Weights Kg Frequency
30 up to 40 18
40 up to 50 37
50 up to 60 45
60 up to 70 27
70 up to 80 15
80 up to 90 8
Mode
84, 75, 68, 87, 81, 75, 81, 87. Because the
score of 81 occurs the most often, it is the
mode.
Example # 8: Calculate Mode from
the following
Weights Kg Frequency
30 40 18
40 50 37
50 60 45
60 70 27
70 80 15
80- 90 8
3- 15
M ean
M e d ia n
M ode
Mean>Median>Mode
M ode M ean
M e d ia n
The Relative Positions of the Mean, Median, and Mode:
Right Skewed Distribution
3- 18
Negatively Skewed: Mean and Median are to the left of the Mode.
Mean<Median<Mode
M ean M ode
M e d ia n
The Relative Positions of the Mean, Median, and
Mode: Left Skewed Distribution
Weighted Mean
( w1 X 1 w2 X 2 ... wn X n )
Xw
( w1 w2 ...wn )
Example # 10
4- Quartiles
28
Quartiles
L o c a te th e m e d ia n ,
(5 0 th p e r c e n tile )
4-
29
Quartiles (continued)
Quartiles
L o c a te th e m e d ia n ,
(5 0 th p e r c e n tile )
th e fir s t q u a r tile
(2 5 th p e r c e n tile )
4-
30 Quartiles (continued)
Quartiles
L o c a te th e m e d ia n ,
(5 0 th p e r c e n tile )
fir s t q u a r tile (2 5 th p e r c e n tile )
a n d th e 3 r d q u a r tile
(7 5 th p e r c e n tile )
4-
31 Quartiles (continued)
Quartiles
4-
32 Quartiles (continued)
Example # 13 :The profit earned by 100 companies
during 2009-2010. Calculate First Quartile, Fourth
Deciles, and Eighty Percentiles
Profit ( Tk. No of
Lakhs) Companies
20 up to 30 4
30 up to 40 8
40 up to 50 18
50 up to 60 30
60 up to 70 15
70 up to 80 10
80 up to 90 8
90 up to 100 7