TEKNIK

MESIN UNESA MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERING

2015

Chapter 2

Vektor
 TEKNIK
MESIN UNESA MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERING
2015

Nama Kelompok TMC 2015

1. Syeihan Syahrul Syah

2. Deni Hardiansyah Tangahu
3. Iqbal Tawakal
4. Yani F
 VECTORS

Quantities such as velocity, force and acceleration, which have both a

magnitude and a direction, are called vectors.

Example
A velocity of 20 m/s at 60 Note that an
angle of 60.

Different with scalar, Quantities such as time, temperature and mass are entirely
defined by a numerical value and are called scalars or scalar quantities.
 Representing a vector

There are a number of ways of

representing vector quantities. These
include
AB where an arrow above two capital letters denotes
the sense of direction, where A is the starting point and
B the end point of the vector. A
AB or a; i.e., a line over the top of letter.
a; i.e., underlined letter. AB

B
 VECTORS

Adding and subtracting vectors

R=A+B
B
B A

A
A
R=A-B
-B
COMPONENT

Miring
Depan

Samping
Calculate the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the two
acceleration vectors
Using nose to tail methods
The 15m/s2 acceleration is drawn horizontally

= 180 61.82 = 118.18

From the nose of the 15m/s2 acceleration, the 28m/s2

acceleration is drawn at an angle of 90 to the
horizontal, shown as ab.
The resultant acceleration, R, is given by length
0b. Since a right-angled triangle results, the
theorem of Pythagoras may be used.


If we define i to be a unit vector along the x-axis then a = ai, where a is the
magnitude of the a vector. If we define j to be a unit vector along the y-axis then b
= bj , where b is the magnitude of the b vector, then:

r = ai+bj

 Addition and
subtraction of vectors

OP = x1i + y1j and OQ = x2i +y2j

OR = (x1+y2)i + (y1+y2)j
 Vectors in space (i, j and k
notation)

Vectors in space (i, j and k notation)

A method of completely specifying the direction of

a vector in space relative to some reference point
is to use three unit vectors, i,j and k, mutually
at right angles to each other

r = xi + yj + zk

+

 Phasors

A convenient way of specifying a phasor is, what is

termed, by polar notation. Polar notation is when
quantities such as phasors are described by their size and an
angle in the form V

if we have a voltage across one component described by

vi = Vi sin (t + 1)
and across a series component by v2 = V2 sin (t + 2)

then the sum of the two voltages is:

v1 + v2 = V1 sin (t + 1) + V2 sin (t + 2)
 Complex numbers

The solution of a quadratic equation of the

form

is given by the formula:

The Argand diagram

We can specify a complex number on an
Argand diagram in terms of its Cartesian
coordinates as z = a + jb, or its polar
coordinates z = r 0
Manipulation of complex numbers

Addition and subtraction