Unit 4

Topic:FromIsolationtoWorldWar(19301945)

TheisolationistapproachtoforeignpolicymeantU.S.
leadershipinworldaffairsdiminishedafterWorldWarI.
Overseas,certainnationssawthegrowthoftyrannical
governmentsthatreassertedtheirpowerthroughaggression
andcreatedconditionsleadingtotheSecondWorldWar.
AfterPearlHarbor,theUnitedStatesenteredWorldWarII,
whichchangedthecountrysfocusfromisolationismto
internationalinvolvement.
 Chapter 2: United
States Involvement in
World War II
ContentStatement:TheUnitedStatesmobilizationof
itseconomicandmilitaryresourcesduringWorldWar
IIbroughtsignificantchangestoAmericansociety.

ExpectationsforLearning:Identifyandexplain
changesAmericansocietyexperiencedwiththe
mobilizationofitseconomicandmilitaryresources
duringWorldWarII.
 Section 1: Mobilization
ContentElaboration:ThemobilizationoftheUnitedStatestoawartime
economyduringWorldWarIIwasmassive.Thefederalgovernment
reorganizedexistingplantstoproducegoodsandservicesforthewareffortand
institutedpoliciestorationandredirectresources.

ContentElaboration:Mobilizationcausedmajorimpactsofthelivesof
Americans.Apeacetimedraftwasinstitutedin1940tosupplementmilitary
enlistments.Scrapdriveswereconductedtoreallocatematerialsforwargoods.
Regulationswereimposedonsomewagesandprices.Someproductswere
subjectedtorationing.Citizensraisedvictorygardenstosupplementfood
suppliesandpurchasedwarbondstohelpfundthewar.Somelaborunions
signednostrikepledges.
 HomeFront
whatgoesonintheUnitedStatesduringa
timeofwar
 MobilizingForWar

A. Mobilize: Get ready for war

B. We were not ready, but......
1. Draft--1940
2. 1.6 million in army--1941
3. guns, planes, tanks, and ships built

***This got the United States completely out of

the Great Depression.
 ConvertingtoWartime

A. Factories = war materials = full employment

= prosperity on the home front

B. Ration: an allotted amount

1. oil, sugar, meat, shoes, coffee, gas
2. coupons
 RaisingMoney

A. War cost $321 billion!

1. taxes raised
2. war bonds ($100
billion sold): sold to
help raise money during
the war

***Farmers were doing well during the war.

***Manufacturing wages went up 50%.
***Many prospered during the war.
 OtherMobilizingEfforts

Scrap metal was gathered so

that it could be used for the war
effort.
People planted victory gardens
to supplement the food supply
Some unions vowed to not go on
strike
 Propaganda
A.Propaganda:information,ideas,orrumorsdeliberatelyspread
widelytohelporharmaperson,group,movement,institution,nation,
etc.
B.U.S.createdOfficeofWarInformation
1.promotedpublicsupportforwar
2.usedpropaganda
a.movies
b.advertisements
c.artwork
d.oneofmostfamous:FrankCaprasseriesWhyWeFight,
whichwasshownaroundtheU.S.

C.Thispropagandashowedourenemiesasbrutalbarbariansand
theU.S.asthegoodguys.
 Section 2: Job Opportunities for
Women and Minorities and the
Internment of Japanese-Americans

ContentElaboration:Jobopportunitiesinthe
civilianworkforceandinthemilitaryopenedfor
womenandminorities.AfricanAmericans
organizedtoenddiscriminationandsegregationso
thattheycouldcontributetothewareffort.
AlthoughJapaneseAmericanswereinternedin
relocationcampsbytheU.S.government,many
enlistedinthearmedforces.
 WomenDuringWorldWarII
A. In the Armed Forces: 1945
1. 258,000 women in armed forces
2. no combat
3. did all other jobs
B. Had to join work force
1. 6 million more women (Total = 18 million)
C. Did mens jobs
1. lumberjacks
2. blast furnace operators
3. blacksmiths
4. doctors
5. chemists
6. lawyers
D. Black women benefit
1. better jobs
2. more able to work
 RosietheRiveter
Representedthewomenwhoworkedinthe
factoriesduringWWII
 AfricanAmericansDuringtheWar

Racial segregation and the . Black Americans and the

war home front
A. 1 million black A. A. Philip Randolph
soldiers
--fought for racial
--less discrimination than equality
WWI
B. Dr. Charles Drew B. Blacks moved to the

cities to work for

--blood bank
factories
C. Segregation still
existed (Just like in WWI)
D. 1949--no racial
quotas in armed forces
 JapaneseAmericansareInterned

A. 1942: Japanese-Americans forced into internment camps

1. 11,000 J-A rounded up
2. sold homes
3. closed businesses
4. put into camps
5. no evidence of guilt
6. released in 1944
***1200 of these J-As fought for the U.S. in WWII!!!!!!
 OGTMultipleChoice
(Practice Test Booklet 2005) During World War II,
in the United States Japanese-Americans were
A. given full rights as American citizens
B. given partial rights as Americans citizens
C. treated as though the war had not happened
D. forced into internment camps
 OGTMultipleChoice
Which was NOT a way the U.S. raised money for World War II?

A. taxes were raised

B. war bonds were sold
C. the government forced people to
donate money
 OGTMultipleChoice
(Practice Test Booklet 2005) Which of the
following statements best describes what
happens to constitutional rights in the United
States during times of war?
A. Americans are free to exercise all of the
freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution
B. Many constitutional freedoms are restricted
because of concerns over national security
C. By law, the Constitution is temporarily
abolished until after the war is over.
D. Americans find no change in the amount of
freedom they have during wartime
 OGTShortAnswer
During times of war or perceived danger to the
United States, groups of Americans have been
singled out as potentially disloyal to the country.
For example, during World War I, patriotic support
for the war led to a distrust and persecution of
German-Americans. In some places, German
language instruction was forbidden, and German
culture and heritage were subject to
discrimination.
Identify a group of Americans that was targeted
as potentially disloyal in the years between 1940
and 1985. (1 point)
Explain why this group was targeted. (1 point)
 OGT Extended Response

What impact did World War II

have on African-American and
women in regards to the
workforce?
(4 points)
 OGT Extended Response

Before World War II began, the

United States was in the worst
depression in history. Although
FDR tried many different programs
in his New Deal, the depression
did not end until World War II.
Explain how World War II impacted
our economy, and how this war led
us out of depression.
 OGT Extended Response

During World War II, Japanese-Americans

were forced into intern camps.

Do you agree with this?

Give two reasons why you agree or disagree.
What rights were taken away from this group?
(4 points)