19/07/2010 – 23/07/2010

NATURAL RESOURCES
•Natural resources (raw materials) occur naturally
within environments.

•Biotic resources : forests and their products, animals, birds,

marine organisms and mineral fuels (decayed organic matter)

•Abiotic resources : non-living things (water, air and ores such

as gold, iron)

•Renewable : replenished easily (sunlight, wind, water)

•Non-renewable : get depleted (coal, petroleum)

INTRODUCTION :

•The large-scale emigration of individuals with technical skills or

knowledge

•Between March 2008 and August 2009, 305,000 left the country for
good.

•40% of Malaysian emigrants headed for Singapore, 30% to OECD

countries, 20% to Asian countries and 10% to rest of the world.

•Graduates chose to stay overseas at the end of their studies.

•The typical reasons : improved employment /business prospects, higher

salaries, better working environments, greater chances of promotion and
a relatively superior quality of life.
REASONS :

•Have succeeded in their jobs in a foreign land (animation team :

Transformers 2, Titanic)

•Lack of opportunities (cannot land creative jobs)

•Little recognition of creative work

•Low remuneration (little salary)

•Copyright laws are vague

•Tainted judiciary (lack of transparency in government)

•Outmoded education system

•Human rights abuse

EFFECTS :

•Reduces the already low quantity of skilled manpower

available.

•Reduces numbers of dynamic and innovative people, whether

entrepreneurs or academics.

•Increases dependence on foreign technical assistance.

•Slows the transfer of technology.

•Contribution of new skills if migrants return.

Methods :

•Nurture talents from young

•Give enough opportunities to the young creative minds

•Increase creative institutions for younger children

•Provide incentives (funding)

•Increase the starting salary of graduates

•Availability of scholarships and public universities for top students

Eat Less Meat!
Why should we eat less meat?

•18% of greenhouse gas emissions come from livestock (more than from
transportation).

•Farmland could be used for vegetation growing and this would reduce CO2.

• Contribution to global warming, air and water pollution, use of hormones

and antibiotics, abuse of labor rights, and the inhumane treatment of
animals.

•Deforestation to create pasture land and to grow crops to feed livestock.

•Manure run off can seep into waterways.

INTRODUCTION :

•Clearance of naturally occurring forests by logging and

burning.

• Corruption of government institutions, the unfair distribution

of wealth and power, population growth, overpopulation
and urbanization are the root causes.

•Cleared land is used as pasture for livestock, plantations of

commodities, and settlements.

•Trees or derived charcoal are used as, or sold, for fuel or as a

commodity.
EFFECTS :

•Climate change (remove CO2 )

•Poverty (economic value of forest – water, fuel, livelihood)

•Loss of species and natural resources

•Soil erosion

•No recycling of water (water catchment area)

•Increase in temperature
METHODS :

•Eco-forestry (selected trees are cut down)

•Green business (recycle paper, wood products/wood

alternatives)

•Land use planning.

•Community forestry (citizens come together to

participate)

•Reforestation.

•Enforcement of law.
INTRODUCTION :

•The contamination of water bodies.

•The leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases.

•Accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily.

•≐ 700 million Indians have no access to a proper toilet.

•1,000 Indian children die of diarrheal sickness every day.

•In China, nearly 500 million people lack access to safe drinking
water.
CAUSES:

Dumping of industrial wastes, improper disposal of human and

animal wastes, residue of agricultural practices, organic farm
wastes, natural phenomena (earthquake, flood, volcano eruption,
algae blooms).

EFFECTS :

Waterborne diseases, affects the chemistry of water, marine life

deteriorates, threatens health, carcinogenic pollutants, flora and
fauna of rivers, sea and oceans are affected, discharges from
power stations reduce the availability of oxygen in the water.
METHODS :

•Minimize your use of fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides.

•Replace your lawn and high-maintenance plants with native

plants.

•Properly store and dispose of chemicals.

•Clean up pet waste. 

•Pick up litter and properly dispose of trash.

•Contain and/or compost yard waste (sticks, leaves).

Save Water!
WAYS TO CONSERVE :

•Run your clothes washer and dishwasher only when they are full.

•Collect the water used for rinsing fruits and vegetables, then reuse
it to water houseplants.

•Shorten showers by a 1 or 2 minutes and save up to 150 gallons per

month.

•Turn off faucets tightly after each use.

•Don't water your lawn on windy days when most of the water blows
away or evaporates.

•Report broken pipes, open hydrants and errant sprinklers to the

property owner.
INTRODUCTION :

•The accidental petroleum release into the environment.

•Primary source is the oil transportation by tankers and

pipelines (70%), whereas offshore drilling and production
activities is minimal (<1%).

• On rocky shores some components of the oil evaporate,

leaving behind the heaviest components and turning the oil
into tar

•Largest spill by Persian Gulf in Kuwait (17, 000,000 tons).

EFFECTS :

•Hypothermia and drowning of birds (oil breaks down the

insulating capabilities of feathers, makes them heavier and
compromises flying ability).

•Damage to animal immune systems.

•Damage to sea grass beds and other shelter/feeding areas.

•Local tourist industry suffers .

•Difficult for boats to sail.

•Threatens the livelihood of fishermen.

PREVENTION :

• The development of improved technology for spill

prevention.

•Eliminate negligence.

•Conduct Oil Spill Prevention Containment and

Countermeasures (SPCC) program.

•Enforcement of law.

•Build double hulls into vessels, which reduces the risk and

severity of a spill in case of a collision or grounding.
INTRODUCTION :

•The main component of sand is silica (silicon dioxide, SiO2).

•Originated from soil or volcanic eruptions a million years ago

(cannot be carbon-dated).

•Sand is used for glass, making concrete, filling roads,

reclamations and building sites.

• On average, people 'use' over 200kg of sand per person per

year.

•The area could be changed physically, biologically and

chemically.
EFFECTS :

•Causes erosian.

•Impacts the local wildlife (sea turtles and ghariyals).

•Habitat destruction.

•Turbidity in the water.

•Destroys fisheries.

•Flooding of beachside communities.

•Tourism dissipates.
METHODS :

•Impose stricter punishment on the sand miners.

•Consult non-governmental organisations before

approval.

•Landskap Malaysia and other NGOs should conduct

investigations.

•Carry out the Environment Management Plan.

•Limit issuing licenses.

1 ) Reduce, reuse, recycle (3R)
2) Buy local
3) Buy organic…sometimes

4) Eat meat-free one a week

5) Clean naturally

6) Use your feet

Use Energy Saving Appliances
 Energy Saving Light Bulb is The Way
•Also known as a compact fluorescent light (CFL)

•Uses less power (20 to 33% of the power of

equivalent incandescent lamps)

•Longer lifespan. (6k-15k hours)

•Can be applied nearly anywhere.

•Give a warm, inviting light. Don't flicker or hum.

•Keep a half-ton of CO2 out of the atmosphere.

 Save Mother Earth
Before It’s Too Late!
There is a sufficiency in the world for man's need but not for
man's greed.
-Mohatma Gandhi-

The earth we abuse and the living things we kill will, in the
end, take their revenge; for in exploiting their presence we
are diminishing our future. 
-Marya Mannes-

When we heal the earth, we heal ourselves. 

-David Orr-
THE END

Done by :
Sarah Fong (4 Faraday)