INTERCHANGE OF

ENERGY DURING SIMPLE

HARMONIC MOTION
Kinetic and Potential energy
As a particle performs SHM there is a continual transfer of
energy between kinetic and potential energy.
During an oscillation of an object,
The further the object is from the mean, the smaller its
kinetic energy and the greater is the potential energy.
When the particle is at maximum displacement, it stops
for an instant and kinetic energy is zero.
When the particle passes through the mean, kinetic
energy is a maximum and potential energy is zero.
TOTAL ENERGY, KINETIC ENERGY AND
POTENTIAL ENERGY OF SIMPLE
HARMONIC MOTION
TOTAL ENERGY

An object at rest (v = 0) at its equilibrium position (x = 0)

has neither kinetic nor potential energy. This reference
condition is considered to have no total energy. E = 0
 The total energy is the total energy applied to a system,
which causes SHM.
E = W = F(ave) x s
=Fxs
 The total energy added to a system performing SHM, a is its angular
acceleration and r, is the displacement from its equilibrium position
E = W = F(ave) x s
= ( ma) s

a = r

r
E = m (r) r
E = mr

Total energy
= Kinetic energy at a point
+ potential energy at a point
 Kinetic Energy, mv
Kinetic energy at a point x from O
KE = m v

r
.
v = (r - x)
Equilibrium
position
.

KE = m [(r-x)] -r

= m (r-x)
m = 5 kg r = 0.20 m
= 0.5 rad/s x = 0.18 m
r
.
KE = m v
Equilibrium
= m [(r - x)] position
.
= m (r - x)
-r
= (5) 0.5 (0.20 - 0.18)
= 0.00475 J
POTENTIAL ENERGY, Fx
Ep = F x

r
.
Equilibrium
position
.
-r
Potential energy at a point x from O
Ep = F x
F=ma r
= m x .
Equilibrium
position

Ep = (m x) x .

-r
= m x
m = 5 kg r = 0.20 m
= 0.5 rad/s x = 0.18 m

Ep =Fx
.
r

= (m x) x Equilibrium
= m x position
.
= (5) (0.5) (0.18) -r
= 0.02025 J
TOTAL ENERGY
E = mr

Total energy = KE + PE
= m (r-x) + m x
= m r - m x + m x
= m r
Total energy = 0.02025 + 0.00475 Total energy = mr
= 0.025 J = (5)(0.5) (0.2)
= 0.02025 + 0.00475
= 0.025 J
-r r
At maximum displacement, x = r

KE = m (r - x)
= m (r - r)
=0

PE = m x
= m r (maximum)
At equilibrium position, x = O

KE = m (r - x)
= m (r - 0)
= m r (maximum)

PE = m x
= m 0
=0