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  • Chronic Heart Failure (Gagal Jantung Kronik)

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    Grup 9B Viscera tahun 2
    211 vues15 pages
    Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a pathological condition where there is systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction of the heart, resulting in a reduced cardiac output. CHF can be acute or chronic. Pathophysiology involves dysfunction of the myocardium due to damage, metabolic disturbances, or mechanical overload. Common causes are hypertension, coronary artery disease, and valvular disease. Symptoms include fatigue, limited activity, chest congestion, edema, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis is based on criteria from examinations, tests, and imaging. Treatment focuses on the underlying cause, reducing cardiac load, and use of diuretics.

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    Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a pathological condition where there is systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction of the heart, resulting in a reduced cardiac output. CHF can be acute or chronic. Pathophysiology involves dysfunction of the myocardium due to damage, metabolic disturbances, or mechanical overload. Common causes are hypertension, coronary artery disease, and valvular disease. Symptoms include fatigue, limited activity, chest congestion, edema, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis is based on criteria from examinations, tests, and imaging. Treatment focuses on the underlying cause, reducing cardiac load, and use of diuretics.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    211 vues15 pages

    Chronic Heart Failure (Gagal Jantung Kronik)

    Transféré par

    Grup 9B Viscera tahun 2
    Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a pathological condition where there is systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction of the heart, resulting in a reduced cardiac output. CHF can be acute or chronic. Pathophysiology involves dysfunction of the myocardium due to damage, metabolic disturbances, or mechanical overload. Common causes are hypertension, coronary artery disease, and valvular disease. Symptoms include fatigue, limited activity, chest congestion, edema, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis is based on criteria from examinations, tests, and imaging. Treatment focuses on the underlying cause, reducing cardiac load, and use of diuretics.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    sur 15

    CHRONIC HEART

    FAILURE (GAGAL
    JANTUNG KRONIK)
    DEFINISI

    Gagal Jantung adalah proses patologi dimana


    terjadi disfungsi dari sistolik dan atau diastolik
    sehingga terjadi kondisi dimana cardiac output
    yang akan dipompaka menurun sehingga tidak
    memenuuhi kebutuhan tubuh.

    Gagal jantung menurut onset :


    1.Gagal jantung akut
    2.Gagal jantung kronik
    PATOFISIOLOGI
    Systolic dyfunctions : Dysfunction of myocardium :
    The contractile state of the
    Myocardial damage :
    myocardium
    myocardial infarction;
    The preload of the ventricle Cardiomyopathy;
    Myocarditis
    The afterload applied to the
    Metabolic disturbance :
    ventricle
    ischemia and hypoxia;
    The heart rate diabetes

    Overload for myocardium :


    Pressure overload (afterload) : Hypertension, aortic stenosis;
    Pulmonary hypertension
    Volume overload (preload) : Mitral regurgitation
    Restriction of cardiac dilation : Pericardial effusion
    VENTRIKEL REMODELLING
    ETIOLOGI

    Hypertensive heart disease (paling banyak)


    Coronary artery disease
    Valvular disease
    Heart inflammation : pericarditis, myocarditis.
    Cardiomyopathy
    Venous disease (deep vein thrombosis) right heart failure
    FAKTOR PENCETUS

    Infection : especially lung infection


    Arrhythmia : Tachycardia atrial fibrillation
    Bradycardia
    Excessive physical activity
    Pregnancy
    Anemia
    Administration of inappropriate drug
    Medication noncompliance
    Excess fluid intake
    Thyrotoxicosis
    SISTOLIK DAN DIASTOLIK

    Systolic cant pump Diastolic- cant fill


    Aortic Stenosis Mitral Stenosis
    HTN Tamponade
    Aortic Insufficiency
    Mitral Regurgitation Hypertrophy
    Muscle Loss Infiltration
    Ischemia Fibrosis
    Fibrosis
    Infiltration
    MANIFESTASI KLINIK

    Think FACES...
    Fatigue
    Activities limited
    Chest congestion
    Edema or ankle swelling
    Shortness of breath
    Systolic Murmurs
    Mitral Regurgitation
    Aortic Stenosis
    Diastolic Murmurs
    Mitral Stenosis
    Aortic Insufficiency
    EKG(Electrocardiogram)
    Left atrial enlargement
    Arrhythmias
    Hypertrophy (left or right)
    BNP(Brain Natriuretic Peptide) Test
    KRITERIS DIAGNOSIS

    Menurut Framingham
    Major criteria Minor criteria
    Neck vein distension Bilateral ankle edema
    Orthopnea Night cough
    Cardiomegaly on CXR Dyspnea on exertion
    CVP > 12 mm Hg Hepatomegaly
    Left Ventricular Pleural effusion
    dysfunction on EKG Tachycardia (> 120
    Weight loss beats/min)
    Acute pulmonary edema
    STRATEGI TERAPI CHF

    Etiology therapy
    Treatment of etiology causes
    Treatment of precipitating causes
    Improve life-style
    Lessen cardiac load
    Rest
    Limitation of salt intake
    Water intake
    Diuretics

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