Muscle

Dystrophy
BY: A MB E R P OG R E BA
What is Muscular Dystrophy???
MD is a group of disorders characterized by a
professional loss of muscle mass and consequent loss of
strength.
Most form of MD is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. This
affects young boys, but can occur in adulthood.
Affects up to 1 in every 5,000 males.
Symptoms
IN ITIAL L ATE R

Pain and stiffness in muscles Inability to walk

Difficulty with running and Limiting movements
jumping
Breathing problems
Walking on toes
Difficulty sitting up and Cardiac problems
standing Difficulty swallowing
Speech may be affected
Causes
Main cause is a lock of protein of dystrophin.
Genetic mutations that interfere with production of
muscle proteins
Types of MD
Duchenne- Start before 3 years old, wheelchair bound
by 12, and die from respiratory failure by mid- twenties
Becker- similar to Duchenne, but slower and longer life
(mid- forties)
Myotonic (Steinerts Disease)- most common adult-
onset form, inability to relax a muscle as the other one
contracted, face and neck muscles are affected first
Congenital- obvious from birth to age of 2, affects girl
and boys
More types of MD
Facioscapulohumeral- most commonly seen in teenage
years, begins in shoulders and face, cant fully close
their eyes
Limb- Girdle- Begins in childhood or teenage years,
affects shoulder and hip first, trouble raising the front
part of the foot (tripping a lot)
Oculopharungeal- Onset between 40-70 years old,
eyelids, throat, and face are affected first, then shoulder
and pelvis
Treatments
No cure
You can improve symptoms and slow the progression
down, but not fully cure it.
They are testing on gene therapy. Gene Therapy is the
transplantation of normal gene into cells in place of the
missing or defective cells.
Video and Works Cited
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68YO2eh1bIY
Newman, Tim. "Muscular Dystrophy: Causes, Symptoms,
and Treatments."Medical News Today. MediLexicon
International, 2 Jan. 2017. Web. 01 June 2017.