TUBING PERFORMANCE

Iskandar Dzulkarnain
RECAP
Describe IPR for single phase, 2-phase and gas
reservoir
How do you infer drive mechanism from IPR
TODAY
Components of tubing pressure loss
Tubing pressure traverse
 TUBING PERFORMANCE

P required to lift a fluid through the production tubing

How to measure P ?
Fix the wellhead or bottom-hole flowing pressure at
P
given rates of oil, gas and water.

Calculate P along the tubing by charts/correlations.

GRADIENT CURVES

Determine the flowing pressure at the other tubing end.

reserv Pw
oir f

TUBING PERFORMANCE RELATION (TPR)

bottom-hole flowing pressure and oil rate.
specific to the wellhead pressure!

4
 TUBING PERFORMANCE

P elements constituting the total P at the bottom of the tubing

Back pressure
- pressure exerted at the surface choke & wellhead assembly

Hydrostatic pressure
- pressure exerted by gravity & the elevation change

Frictional losses
- exerted by viscous drag & slippage

3 cases
Pure liquid
Dry Gas
5 Two-phase
 TUBING PERFORMANCE
P elements at the bottom of the tubing

Friction Losses
rate dependent
laminar slow
turbulent fast

Hydrostatic pressure
const. density
const. hydrostatic pressure gradient

Back pressure
6 PURE LIQUID
 TUBING PERFORMANCE
P elements at the bottom of the tubing

interdependent between rate,

density & pressure

Friction losses

Hydrostatic pressure

Wellhead pressure

7
DRY GAS
 TUBING PERFORMANCE
P elements at the bottom of the tubing

pressure losses vary with rate

Friction Losses

Hydrostatic pressure

Wellhead Pressure

8 TWO PHASE
 TUBING PERFORMANCE
Pressure depth profile: pressure traverse
For a given flow rate, wellhead pressure, and tubing size
There is a pressure distribution along the the tubing

From wellhead

To -Tubing intake reserv

P
oir/pa
w
9
y zone f
 TUBING PERFORMANCE
Pressure-depth profile for Single phase liquid

gravitational & friction

pressure gradients
constant

reserv
P
oir/pa
w
10 y zone f
 TUBING PERFORMANCE
Pressure-depth profile for Dry Gas

hydrostatic & friction

pressures - vary
overall linear gradients

reserv
P
oir/pa
w
y zone f
11
 TUBING PERFORMANCE
Pressure-depth profile for Gas-Oil Mixture

genera trend increasing

pressure gradients with dept
no analytical equations to
describe multiphase
based on CORRELATIONS

reserv
P
oir/pa
w
y zone f
12
 Pwh Pressure Pwf1 Q Q1 Q2 Q3
Depth Equv.

Pwf
. To Pwh

Pwf1 Pwf2 Pwf3

Pwf2

Pwf3
Tubing Depth

Q1
Q2
Outflow
Q3

Pwf
Pwf1
Pwf3
Pwf2

q1 q2 q3 Q

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