TOURISM

the travel for recreational, leisure,family or

business purposes, usually of a limited
duration. Tourism is commonly associated
with trans-national travel, but may also refer
to travel to another location within the same
country.
 Tourism is commonly associated
with trans-national travel, but
may also refer to travel to
another location within the
same country.
TOURISM PLANNING AND
DEVELOPMENT
 PLANNING
Planning is a dynamic process of
determining goals, systematically
selecting alternative courses of
actions to achieve those goals,
implementing the chosen
alternatives, and evaluating the
choice to determine if it is successful.
TOURISM PLANNING
 WHAT IS TOURISM PLANNING???
Tourism planning is the process of
considering the needs of people planning
a trip and using those factors to
determine the best resources, programs
and activities for their trip. Tourism
planning is intended for local residents
and businesses of the location, as well as
tourists who travel there.
 ESSENCE OF TOURISM PLANNING
Tourism planning involves the coordination
with other government agencies to improve
tourism-related infrastructure. The planning
also extends to participation of the private
sector, the hotels and restaurants, travel
transport, and even popular outlets (like
Jollibee) that can help as information centers
(in the absence of actual tourist information
centers)
 The planning process is essential as it provides
plenty of resources and information for
travelers, while ensuring that the location and
local businesses provide everything needed to
improve their tourism. In tourism planning,
every factor is considered, ranging from
finding a variety of accommodations to fit
travelers' different wants and needs to
locating special programs and activities in that
location.
What are the consequences of having
a lack of tourism planning or poor
tourism planning?
The consequences of having a lack of tourism
planning or poor tourism planning is that the
tourism industry is unorganized, the tourist
does not take the opportunity to travel, the
numbers of tourists decrease. and profits
decrease.
 A. PHYSICAL IMPACTS
Damage or permanent alteration of the
physical environment
Damage or permanent alteration of the
historical/cultural landmarks and resources
Overcrowding and congestion
Pollution
Traffic problems
 B. HUMAN IMPACTS
Less accessibility to services and tourist
attractions for local residents resulting in local
resentment
Dislike of tourist by local residents
Loss of cultural identities
Lack of education of tourism employees in
skills and hospitality
Lack of awareness of the benefits of tourism
to the destination area.
 C. MARKETING IMPACTS
Failure to capitalize on new marketing opportunities.
Erosion of market shares due to the actions of
competitive destination area.
Lack of sufficient awareness in prime markets
Lack of clear image of destination area in potential
markets.
Lack of cooperative advertising among individual
operators
Inadequate capitalization in packaging opportunities.
 D. ORGANIZATIONAL IMPACTS
Fragmental approach to the marketing and
development of tourism, often involving
competitive splinter groups.
Lack of cooperation among individual operators.
Inadequate representation of the tourism
industrys interests.
Lack of support from local public authorities.
Failure to act on important issues, problems and
opportunities of common interest to the industry.
 E. OTHER IMPACTS
Lack of sufficient attractions and events.
High seasonality and short lengths of stay.
Poor or deteriorating quality of facilities and
services.
Poor or inadequate travel information
services.
 TOURISM PLANNING IN DEVELOPED
COUNTRIES
In general planning for tourists is less difficult in
developed countries than it is in developing ones.
Planning is important and should provide a
quality environment for both tourists and
residents.
The planning process for tourism development is
the same as in city or regional planning. Most
problems involve policy decisions on alternative
land uses for the health and welfare of the
citizens.
 In countries with less control over the economic
sector, guidelines and ordinances can restrict
private development to prescribed areas, while in
others, all development can be directed by the
central government.
Target countries or states can be identified as
potential tourist generators through research and
market analysis. Proper planning include
government assistance in direct advertising to
attract tourist.
 In developed countries, planning and
construction of infrastructure facilities is a
must particularly in areas that do not have
them. For regions that have existing
infrastructure, the planning process should
include alternatives to improve or further
develop it.
TOURISM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Tourism is important in bringing the much
needed foreign currency for developing
countries. Mexico and Spain for example have
benefited very much from tourism.
Other advantages are increased employment
opportunities and the development of
infrastructure. Roads, water and sewage
systems provided for tourists also help local
industries.
 Planning in developing countries should consider
the cultural impact of tourism on the area. Many
times the culture may be so fragile that tourism
can greatly influence it particularly in developing
countries.
In a developing society, people tend to adopt the
lifestyle of the tourists changing their clothing,
food and other customs. In this way the local
culture is greatly influenced or altered.
 BARRIERS TO PLANNING
The following are the barriers to tourism
planning and the problems associated with it.
1. Many people are against planning in principle,
particularly within the free-enterprise system.
Many businessmen view tourism planning as an
encroachment into their domain and are
skeptical of its real value.