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Quantitative
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and
Quantitative
Quantitative Research
Research
Soemarno
Soemarno2007
2007
A scale for measuring mass
Quantitative
A scale for measuring mass
A quantitative property is one that exists in a range of
magnitudes, and can therefore be measured.
Measurements of any particular quantitative property
are expressed as a specific quantity, referred to as a
unit, multiplied by a number.
Examples of physical quantities are distance, mass,
and time.
Many attributes in the social sciences, including
abilities and personality traits, are also studied as
quantitative properties and principles.
Historical background
The classical concept of quantity
Cohort study
Prospective cohort
Retrospective cohort
Nested cohort
Case-cohort study
Case-control study (case series)
Nested case-control study
Cross-sectional study
Important considerations
When choosing a study design, many factors must be
taken into account. Different types of studies are
subject to different types of bias. For example, recall
bias is likely to occur in cross-sectional or case-control
studies where subjects are asked to recall exposure to
risk factors.
Subjects with the relevant condition (e.g. breast
cancer) may be more likely to recall the relevant
exposures that they had undergone (e.g. hormone
replacement therapy) than subjects who don't have
the condition.
The ecological fallacy may occur when
analyses are done on ecological (group-
based) data rather than individual data.