DESIGN OF LAOD CONTROLLING

SYSTEM FOR NIE LIBRARY SOLAR PV

SYSTEM USING HOME ENERGY
MANAGER
INTRODUCTION
A Microgrid is a discrete energy system consisting of distributed energy
sources (including demand management, storage, and generation) and
interconnected loads capable of operating in parallel with, or
independently from, the main power grid.
The growing concerns for climate change and energy security have led to
significant industry and government interests in the development of
new energy power, such as the wind and solar power, etc. Such new
energies have high fuel economy and low emissions, so it will lead to a
better future.
 Microgrid at CREST is a pilot project which is being done at NIE in
collaboration with University of Wisconsin-Madison,USA. This project employs
integration of various distributed generation technologies such as Micro
Turbine, Photovoltaic system, Biofuels with energy storage devices like
battery.
NIE Library has a 10kVA photovoltaic system which caters to the loads at
library. The aim of this project will be to integrate NIE Library to the existing
microgrid at NIE CREST, so that excess energy at the Library can be utilized at
CREST.
This project adds 10kVA to the 3kw microgrid system at NIECREST. The HEM
board at CREST will have the algorithm to utilize he energy according to the
load requirement.
The proposed HEM board at NIE library will be monitoring the battery level
and operating a relay which latches on to the CREST loads according to the
voltage comparator output.
OBJECTIVE:
Analysis of the loads at Library.

Reading of data from the Power conditioning unit and creation of the database.

Up linking of the database to the cloud.

Connecting the NIE library to NIE CREST.

Management of the power transfer to crest using static relay with the help of the
database.

Utilizing excess energy at Library for CREST loads.

METHODOLGY:
 Analysis of loads at library
Study of the power generated by the solar pv system
Preparing Energy manager
Wiring
Export of energy from library to CREST
 FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR DESIGN

The loads are supplied by both solar pv system and Main Grid.
Supply of excess energy from Library to CREST without affecting the existing
loads at Library.
Protection and safety is to be managed.
Efficient power transfer from the library solar PV system to NIE CREST.
A intelligent controller to be built to monitor the energy and export.
Solar Panel System

The present system used is 200 units of amorphous solar panels with
the specifications of 71v and 43w.
 PCU
PCU is a Hybrid Inverter which uses Solar energy (primary) and also the
power from grid (secondary), to charge the batteries.
Grid power is only used when solar energy is not present and battery
voltage level reduces to a certain level. Grid power is also needed when
solar power is reduced to a certain level and battery voltage is reduced to a
certain level.
PCU uses an advanced technology named MPPT (Maximum Power Point
Tracking) to extract maximum power from the solar panel. The solar
charger is IGBT based.
Key features of pcu
Battery Health for Longer Life
Extensive electronic protections
Utilizes maximum power available from the panel
Optional Computer interface
LCD display with Energy Meter and Data Logging
ARDUINO MEGA

Operating voltage 5V
Digital I/O pins - 54
Analog input pins - 16
 BeagleBone Black
The Beagles are tiny open-hardware, open-software computers that plug
into whatever you have around the house.
Beagles mean big functionality in small packages because these little PCs
can be used for all kinds of applications and can handle many of the same
tasks as your desktop PC.

Processor Maximum Processor Speed Analog Pins Digital Pins

AM3358
1GHz 7 65 (3.3V)
ARM Cortex-A8

Memory USB Audio & video Supported Interfaces

512MB DDR3 (800MHz x 16), 4x UART, 8x PWM, LCD,

2GB (4GB on Rev C) on- miniUSB 2.0 client port, USB GPMC, MMC1, 2x SPI, 2x
microHDMI, cape add-ons
board storage using eMMC, 2.0 host port I2C, A/D Converter, 2xCAN
microSD card slot Bus, 4 Timers
 BeagleBone Black ships with the Debian GNU/Linux in onboard FLASH to
start evaluation and development. Many other Linux distributions and
operating systems are also supported on BeagleBone Black including:

Ubuntu
Android
Fedora

BeagleBone Black
SOLID STATE RELAY
A solid-state relay (SSR) is an electronic switching device that switches
on or off when a small external voltage is applied across its control
terminals.
SSRs consist of a sensor which responds to an appropriate input
(control signal), a solid-state electronic switching device which
switches power to the load circuitry, and a coupling mechanism to
enable the control signal to activate this switch without mechanical
parts.
The relay may be designed to switch either AC or DC to the load. It
serves the same function as an electromechanical relay, but has no
moving parts.
 Specifications:
Output current: 25A

Input data:
Operating voltage: 3- 30 Vdc
Contrrol method: zero cross trigger

Operating data:
Operating voltage: 24- 380 Vac
Fotek SSR 25 DA
Response time: 10ms
WORK PROGRESS:
Performance curve of the PV system is plotted from the data taken from PCU for a
day.

The issues with the PCU for obtaining the data has been rectified.

LAN connections for the Beagle Bone Black has been drawn from the nearest point
in the Library and CREST.

Cabling for power transfer from Library to CREST has been drawn and ready for
connection.

Data transfer with in the collage LAN is figured out.

WORK TO BE DONE

Data transfer through internet has to be achieved.

The power cables have to be connected to the systems through a

changeover.

A relay has to be programmed for making and braking of the circuit.