Artificial Intelligence

Dhruv Kanwar 242004

Karan Mathur - 242007
What is AI?

Artificial Intelligence is the science and

engineering of making intelligent
machines, especially intelligent computer
programs.

- John McCarthy, father of AI

Evolution of AI
Apple
introduces Siri,
MS introduces
Cortana and Facebook
Amazon detects faces
introduces Alexa and shares
Conference at photos with
Dartmouth friends to whom
organized by those photos
John McCarthy belong
and the field is
named as AI

1950 1980 2010

World Chess
champion Gary
Kasparov AI startup
defeated by Vicarious
Paper about the IBMs Deep Blue passes first Turing
possibility of
test: CAPTCHA
machines with
true intelligence
published by
Alan Turing
Artificial Intelligent System

Learns from Uses the learning Recognizes Solves complex Understands Creates
experience to reason Images problems language and perspectives
nuances
The AI Continuum

Assisted Intelligence - Humans and machines learn from each other and
redefine the breadth and depth of what they do together. Under these
circumstances, the human and the machine share the decision rights.
Augmented Intelligence - Enhancing human ability to do the same tasks
faster or better. Humans still make some of the key decisions, but AI
executes the tasks on their behalf. The decision rights are solely with
humans.
Autonomous Intelligence - Adaptive/continuous systems that take over
decision making in some cases. But they will do so only after the human
decision maker starts trusting the machine or becomes a liability for fast
transactions.
The AI Continuum

High
Complexity of Use
Autonomous
intelligence

Augmented
intelligence
Assisted
intelligence
Low

Humans Decision-making right AI

Expert Systems

An Expert System is a computer system that emulates, or acts in all respects,

with the decision-making capabilities of a human expert
Knowledge Base obtainable from books, magazines, knowledgeable people
Inference Engine draws conclusions from the knowledge base

Knowledge
Facts Base

User Expertise

Inference
Engine
Expert Systems

Mortgage application for a loan for $100,000 to $200,000

If there are no previous credits problems, and

If month net income is greater than 4x monthly loan payment, and
If down payment is 15% of total value of property, and
If net income of borrower is > $25,000, and
If employment is > 3 years at same company

Then accept the applications

Else check other credit rules

Participants in Expert Systems

Domain Expert - The individual Expert System

or group whose expertise and
knowledge is captured for use
in an expert system
Knowledge User - The
individual or group who uses
and benefits from the expert
system
Knowledge Engineer -
Someone trained or
experienced in the design,
development,
implementation, and
maintenance of an expert
system Knowledge
Engineer
Knowledge
Domain Expert
User
Intelligent Manufacturing
Systems
A Set of methods, procedures and tools (eg. CAD,
CAP, CAM) equipped with AI tools and supporting
designing, planning and manufacturing
Artificial Neural Networks capable of modeling
extremely complex functions and, to some extent,
copying the learning activity in the human brain
Fuzzy Logic technologies and methods of natural
language formalization, linguistic and quality
knowledge processing and fuzzification
Genetic Algorithms learning algorithms based on
theoretical achievements of the theory of evolution,
enriching the artificial intelligence techniques above
AI in Design Specification
English

XSEL

The first phase of product life cycle is CAD Design

Design which is composed of product

specification followed by actual
Selection XSEL
design and its validation
Configuration XCON
XSEL is an example of a system which
works with the computer sales person Extrapolation ALADIN
to acquire customer product
TALIB
requirements Discovery

The XSEL system has a natural

language interface for the Analytic - FEM Validation CORA
specification of customer goals; it
analyses customer needs and queries
the customer in order to complete the
model of the customer's needs
Management CALLISTO
AI in Production Planning
Product Production
Design Facilities

The second phase of product life

Analytic Forecasting ROME
cycle is Production Planning which
forecasts customer demand, plans
the process, lays out the facilities, Manual with Process
Planning
ESP
Group
specifies maintenance and trains Technology
the workers Selection
Process GREASE
Programming

A number of process planning

systems are being investigated;
Facility
ESP for planning sheet metal Simulation Layout
FADES

production, XPSE and GARI is

looking at process planning of
three-dimensional mechanical Analytic
Maintenance
Design
RACE
parts

Manual & Training STEAMER

Simulation
AI in Production
Forecast Orders

Production is concerned with the

Linear
planning, scheduling, Programming
Plan

management of the shop floor,

inspection and maintenance of
processes
Dispatch Rule ISIS
ISIS is a system which uses Simulation
Schedule

constraint-directed search
techniques for scheduling of job-
shops Shop
Procedural Management
IMACS
IMACS focusses on flow shop
scheduling and works on Murphys
Law
Cell
Control Theory TRANSCELL
IDT is a system for testing Management

computers that are assembled

and IPWBIS for inspecting inner
Inspection & IDT
layers of printed wire boards Procedural Maintenance
Future Trends

DESIGN FUSION PULL

DESIGN

PRODUCTION
PLANNING
STRATEGIC TACTICAL

PRODUCTION

DISTRIBUTION

PARTS ON
PUSH FIELD SERVICE DEMAND
THANK YOU