Natural Science

3 Grade
Unit 2
The vital functions of human beings

reproduction interaction
 Nutrition is the process of taking food.
Nutrition turns food into nutrients.
Food contains small substances called nutrients.
When we eat, we take nutrients into our body.
Our body transforms nutrients into materials.
These materials give us energy.
These materials help us grow.
 interaction
Interaction describes the relationship that we have
with the world around us.

When we feel cold, we cover ourselves up to get warm.

We receive information from outside our bodies from our senses.
Reproduction

We reproduce to make
sure that more humans
like us continue to live
after we die.
Reproduction is the process of making
and giving birth to a baby.
 Nutrition: The digestive system.
Digestion is the process of breaking down food into nutrients.
Digestion takes place inside the digestive system.
 Respiratory system
There are two important processes involved in respiration.
The process of inhaling and exhaling.
The process of exchanging two gases: oxygen and carbon dioxide.
exhalation
Inhalation
We breathe air out.
We breathe in air.
Our lungs get smaller.
Our lungs get bigger.
We push out the
We take oxygen. carbon dioxide
Respiratory system

The pharynx allows the air

Nasal passage. to flow from the mouth and
Air passes through it. nose into the lungs.

Vocal cords produce the sound

The windpipe is a wide tube where
we use when we speak.
air flow to and from the lungs.
It leads to the bronchi.
Alveoli are air sacks where
gas exchange takes place.
Bronchi are two major air tubes
in the lungs. They connect them
to the windpipe and lead to the
alveoli.
Lungs are two spongy organs
that are protected by the rib cage.
 The circulatory system

heart

The circulatory system includes The heart is responsible for

the heart and the blood vessels. pumping blood around the body.

veins
arteries
 Blood vessels
Blood vessels carry blood cells
around the body.

There are three types of vessels

Capillaries arteries veins

Artery capillary veins

Vocabulary:
Blood vessels : vasos
sanguneos
Capillaries: Capilares
Arteries: arterias
Veins: venas.
 Excretory system The excretory system is responsible for removing unwanted
substances from the body.

Ureters Kidneys
Urine travels from
the kidneys through Kidneys clean the blood.
the ureters to the bladder. Kidneys take out harmful waste.

bladder urethra
Urine leaves the body
Bladder is where urine
through a tube called
is stored.
urethra.
Vocabulary:
Ureters: urteres
Bladder: vejiga de la orina
Kidneys: riones
Urethra: uretra urine
 Through interaction,we use our senses to capture
interaction information from our environment. Vocabulary:
Environment: medio ambiente.
Allow: permitir
Flavours: sabores
Odours:olores
Our sense of taste allows us to identify different flavours. Understand: entender
Mean: significar
Stimulus: estmulo
Brain: celebro.

Our sense of smell Through the sense of hearing

allows us to smell we understand sounds and
odours. what they mean.

Through the sense of touch

Through our sense of sight
we understand the colour, shape we know the temperature
and size of an object. of an object and what it feels
like.
The information we receive through our sense is called stimulus ans it travels to our brain through our nerves.
WHITE GREEN

YELLOW LIGHT BLUE

ORANGE BLUE
RED BROWN
PINK BLACK
PURPLE GREY
BIG MEDIUM SMALL
circle square triangle

rectangle oval
 flavours

sweet sour bitter salty

The nervous system.
This is a complex system that sends information
through our nerves to different parts
of the body.

The brain is the central

part of the nervous system.
Our brain organices information.
Our brain makes decisions.
 The musculoskeletal system
Bones and muscles belong to
the musculoskeletal system.

The musculoskeletal system receives messages

bones that tell our body to move.

There are :
muscle Involuntary movements.
Voluntary movements

These are actions we think We move our body

about and choose to do. without thinking.
These are reflex actions.
 Reproductive system
We perform the reproduction function through the female and male reproductive system.

Female reproductive system Male reproductive system

 Female reproductive system
The ovaries produce eggs.
The are connected to the
uterus.

The vagina is a tube

that leads from the
uterus to the outside
of the body.
The uterus is where the
baby develops until it
is born.

The vulva is the external part of

the female reproductive system.
 Male reproductive system.

The penis is an
external organ

The urethra is a tube inside

the penis.
The urethra carries urine from
the bladder.
The urethra carries semen.
The testes are two oval
Semen is a mixture of fluids
and sperm. shape external organs.
The testes produce sperm.
 Pregnancy and delivery

During pregnancy a baby

forms and grows inside
its mother.

The stage of reproduction

process last nine months.

The baby begins life

inside the uterus as
a foetus.
 The baby grows inside the amniotic sac.
The amniotic sac contains a liquid that protects
the baby.
Amniotic sac
The baby is joined to its mother by an
umbilical cord.
The baby gets food an oxygen through
the umbilical cord.
After birth the umbilical cord is cut.

The phase of the reproduction process when the mothers body

is ready to give birth is called the delivery.