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The division of a nation into
groups.
North vs. South
Eli Whitneys invention of the
cotton gin increased the need
for slave labor.
Missouri - slave state
Maine - free state
Both became states at the
same time to keep the
balance.
Slavery would only be
allowed South of Missouri.
Nat Turner was a slave in
Virginia who started a rebellion
to encourage slaves to fight
against their masters.
Congress passed laws that put
tariffs, or taxes, on anything
imported from England.
This made everyone buy goods
that were made in the Northern
factories.
This did NOT help the South.
Calhoun was the Vice President
in 1828. He argued for states
rights.
This became a popular belief in
the south.
California = a free state

Slavery allowed in the

territories gained from
Mexico.
Slave and Free Territories Under the Compromise of 1850
Organized 2 new states who
would decide if they wanted
slavery.
Popular Sovereignty
The right of the citizens to
make decisions for
themselves.
Kansas became the focus of the
slavery vs. abolitionism fight.
Violence broke out in many
places and people died.
 SenatorCharles Sumner was attacked by
Southern Representative Preston Brooks
while speaking in Congress.
Dred Scott, a slave, sued his owner
claiming that he was free because his
owner moved from a slave state to a
free state
Southern judges ruled the court led
by Chief Justice Roger Taney from TN.
Court ruled that slaves were property
and cannot sue in court.
John Brown and Harpers Ferry

Was known for

attacking slave-
owners and for
assisting runaways.

In 1859, 17 white men and

5 ex-slaves took
possession of a
government building at
Harpers Ferry, VA.
John Brown was captured, found
guilty, and executed.
 Published the
anti-slavery
newspaper The
Liberator.
He also helped on
the Underground
Railroad.
 I am aware that many object to the severity of my
language; but is there not cause for severity? I will be as
harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice. On this
subject I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with
moderation. . .I will not excuse I will not retreat a single
inch and I WILL BE HEARD!
-- William Lloyd Garrison
Frederick Douglass

He was an escaped
slave who gave
speeches in the
North about the
evils of slavery.
Sojourner Truth

She preached
against slavery
and advocated
for womens
rights.
Harriet Tubman

She was a
conductor on the
Underground
Railroad.
 Uncle Toms Cabin

Harriett Beecher Stowe

Published in 1852
Book about the life of slaves in the South
"So this is the little lady who started this
great war.~Abraham Lincoln
 Grimke Sisters

They were the first American, female

speakers. They spoke out against
slavery and advocated for womens
rights.
Northern Democrats - Stephen
Douglas
Southern Democrats - John
Breckenridge
Republicans - Abraham Lincoln
Constitutional Union Party - John
Bell
 Stephen Douglas
Northern Democrat
Abraham Lincoln
Republican

John Bell
Constitutional Unionist

John Breckinridge
Southern Democrat
 Abraham Lincoln
wins the
presidential
election of 1860.
The Election of 1860