BASICS OF COMPUTER &

STORAGE DEVICES

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Computer Parts
There are many parts
that work together to
make a computer
work.

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Hardware
Physical parts of the
computer, including
processor and
memory chips,
input/output devices,
tapes, disks, modems,
cable, etc.

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CPU
The Central
Processing Unit

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Processor
The CPU The chip
or chips that interpret
and execute program
instructions and
manage the functions
of input, output, and
storage devices.

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Computer Case
Contains the major
components of the
computer. It helps
protect them.

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Front of the Computer Case

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Inside the Computer Case

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Monitor
A display screen to
provide output to
the user. It is where
you view the
information your are
working on.

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Video Card
Connects the computer
to the monitor. It is a
circuit board attached to
the motherboard that
contains the memory and
other circuitry necessary
to send information to
the monitor for display
on screen.

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Keyboard
Used to enter
information into the
computer and for
giving commands.

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Mouse
An input device operated
by rolling its ball across a
flat surface. The mouse
is used to control the on-
screen pointer by
pointing and clicking,
double-clicking, or
dragging objects on the
screen.

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Touchpad
A pressure-sensitive
and motion sensitive
device used in place
of a mouse.

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CD Rom Drive
The drive that plays
CDs and reads data
that has been stored
on the CD.

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CD
Compact Disk A
type of optical
storage device.

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Floppy Disk Drive
A device that holds a
removable floppy
disk when in use;
read/write heads read
and write data to the
diskette.

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Hard Disk
Magnetic storage
device in the
computer.

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RAM
Random Access Memory
RAM is a computers
temporary memory,
which exists as chips on
the motherboard near
the CPU. It stores data or
programs while they are
being used and requires
power.

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Sound Card
Connects the
speakers and
microphone to the
computer.

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Modem
The place where the
computer is
connected to the
phone line.

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Network Card
A circuit board that
connects the
computer to the rest
of the network
usually using special
cables.

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Software
Programs that tell the
computer what to do.
It provides
instructions that the
CPU will need to
carry out.

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DOS
Disk Operating System
This software connects the hardware with the
programs you want to run.

MS-DOS:

Microsoft DOS (Disk Operating System) is a

command line user interface. MS-DOS 1.0 was
released in 1981 for IBM computers.

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Example of MS-DOS

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Windows
A family of operating
systems developed and
produced by Microsoft
Corp. It provides a
software graphical user
interface (GUI) used on
IBM and compatible
computers.

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Types of Storage
Hard Disk Drive
Solid State Storage
Flash Memory
Magnetic Storage
Optical Storage Device like CD, DVD

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Hard Disk

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IDE data cable and connector in
HDD

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SATA (Serial Advanced Technology
Attachment)
1.It has a 7pin connector.
2.It is the latest high-speed type of hard drive connectors.
3.Data transfer rate is 300Mb/s. As there are faster than old
IDE interface.
4. the latest hard drives are using this type of interface.
5. As there are faster than old IDE interface.
SATA socket, power connector and data cable

If the motherboard have

the SATA connectors/sockets
as shown the picture.

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SATA HDD power connector.
SATA Data cable for
HDD

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Solid State Drive (SDD)
Data storage drive using integrated circuit assemblies as
memory to storage persistently.

SDD technology uses electronic interfaces compatible with

traditional block input/output hard disk drives, thus
permitting simple replacement in common applications.

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USB Flash Drive
A USB flash refers to a type of computer technology that
stores data , does not need constant electricity, and can be
electrically erased and reprogrammed.

Flash memory is used in many different appliances including

memory card, PDAs.

UDB flash drive are typically removable and rewritable and

physically much smaller than an optical disk.

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Compact Disk
Compact Disk(CD) is a circular disk of diameter of 120
millimeters(4.7inch)

A CD can hold up to 80 minutes of uncompressed audio or 703

MB.

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 Understanding the CD
A CD has a single spiral track of data circling from the inside of
the disc to the outside.
Spiral track starts at the centre means that the CD can be
smaller than 4.8 inches(12cm) if desired.
Mini CD diameter only 2.4 inches(6cm) used for delivering
device drivers.

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Understanding the CD: Bumps
A laser of wavelength 780 nm is used to burn pits(bumps) on
CD track.
The elongated bumps that make up the track are each 0.5
microns wide, a minimum of 0.83 microns long and 125 nm
high.
If you could life the data track off a CD and stretch it out into a
straight line, it would be 0.5 microns wide and almost 3.5
miles(5km) ling!

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Digital versatile Disc(DVD)
A DVD has almost 6 times (up to 4.7 GB)
data storage capacity then a CD.
The more storage capacity of a DVD is due
to less separation between tracks and less
size of track.

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Future Storage Devices
Helium Drives
Shingled Magnetic Recording (SMR)
DNA
Other Futuristic Storage Technologies
5D data storage

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