Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Dr Mark Feldman
What Is Hypnosis ?
Altered state not sleep
Highway hypnosis
Books and TV
Exercise
Day dreaming
Hynpnogogic and hypnopompic state
The Trance State
Light hypnosis 90%+
Eye closure
Fluttering lids
Stillness
Breathing slows diaphragmatic
Features flatten
Swallowing
Smiling
Bradycardia
The Trance State
Medium hypnosis 70%+
Head drops
Eyelid catalepsy
Flushing or pallor
Responds to suggestions
Feeling of lethargy, heaviness
Some analgesia dentistry , dressings
IMR
May feel as though in trance
The Trance State
Deep hypnosis 20% somnambulism 5%
Amnesia
Anaesthesia
Direct logic can you tell me your name
Out of body dissociation
+ve /-ve hallucinations
Trance with eyes open
Hypnotic Phenomenon
Motor
IMR
Catalepsy
Automatic writing
Swallowing
REM
Hypnotic Phenomenon
Sensory
Analgesia
Anaesthesia
Positive and negative hallucination
Memory
Amnesia
Hypermnesia
Hypnotic Phenomenon
Time
Distortion compress elongate
Regress
Revivify
Age progression
Post hypnotic suggestion
Eliminate
Install
Ego Strengthening
Hypnotic Phenomenon
Miscellaneous
Autonomic control
Dissociation
Uses of Hypnotherapy
Behavioural problems
Smoking
Weight loss
Eating disorders bulimia, anorexia
Enuresis
Uses of Hypnotherapy
Psychological problems
Anxiety
Panic
Phobias
Insomnia
Premature ejaculation
Vaginismus
Uses of Hypnotherapy
Psychosomatic disorders
Migraine
Hyperventilation
Stammering
Irritable bowel/bladder
Eczema
Uses of Hypnotherapy
Pain control
Chronic
Acute
Terminal care
Obstetric
Dental
Uses of Hypnotherapy
Other
Sports motivational
Criminal investigation
major operations
Reduced post op
Metaphor
Utilization
Theories of Trance
Suggestion Theory
Bernheim 1886 suggestions bypass concious
mind
Modified Sleep
Abbe Faria a type of sleep BUT thought would
always amnesia
Pathological Theory
Charcot BUT 90% hypnotisable NOT equivalent
to hysteria
Theories of Trance
Dissociation
Janet splitting of consciousness into two BUT not
always amnesia can remove amnesia by
suggestion
Neo Dissociation
Some cognition continuous throughout
Psychoanlanalytic
Freud libidinal gratification
Ferenczi parent/child BUT mirrors metronomes
may hypnotise
Theories of Trance
Conditioned response
Pavlov to word sleep BUT not sleep,
metronomes, quick awakening
Role Playing
R White goal directed striving
Atavistic Regression
Ainslie Meares to a primitive level primitive man
accepted ideas by suggestion
Theories of Trance
Neurophysiological
Barry Wyke voice blocks other sensory
input [like gate theory]
Hemispheric Specificity
L verbal/voluntary/language speech
R nonverbal/emotional/submissive/art
music/imagination
Meszaros induction L brain R brain
Suggestibility Tests
Magnetic fingers
Handclasp
Postural sway
Chevreuls pendulum
The Hypnotic Session
Introduction
Induction
Deepening
Posthypnotic suggestion
Awakening
The Hypnotic Session
Introduction
Explanation of hypnosis
Remove fears
Control issues
Amnesia
Reassurance
Not trying
The Hypnotic Session
Induction
Permissive
Progressive relaxation
Hand fixation
Eye closure
Candle flame
Thumbnail
The Hypnotic Session
Induction
Intermediate
Vogts fractionation
Hand levitation
Authoritative
Eye to eye
Mind body dissociation
The Hypnotic Session
Induction
Other
Tactile
Hand rotation
Post hypnotic
The Hypnotic Session
Deepening
Balcony
Early learning set
Now
Countdown
Limb catalepsy
Hand levitation
Minds eye
Hand rotation
The Hypnotic Session
Suggestions
Establish rapport
Create expectancy
Will not maybe never try
Law of concentrated attention
Repetition of something result
Law of reversed effect
Try and bend your arm
Law of dominant effect
Strong emotions replace weaker
The Hypnotic Session
Suggestions
Positive unconscious ignores negatives
Positive reinforcement
Yes set
Specific
Multiple senses
Implied less directive
Unambiguous
The Hypnotic Session
Suggestions
Utilization
Of patients world interests , preferences,
preferred modality visual,kinaesthetic
Current experience feel the chair
The Hypnotic Session
Types of suggestion
Implication
When your hand begins to lift NOT if
Trance now or later
Truism
Everybody knows how to
Not knowing and not doing
You dont have to try to hard
The Hypnotic Session
Types of suggestion
Covering all response failsafes
Your hand will be lighter or heavier
Questions
Can you, do you, does, will it
See , sense, feel
Contingent suggestions
As your hand lowers so you find yourself back
in time
The Hypnotic Session
Types of suggestion
Implied directive
Time binding introduction
Implied suggestion for internal response
Behavioural response showing completed
As soon as your mind has identified when the
problem developed your hand will float up
The Hypnotic Session
Types of suggestion
Apposition of opposites
As your arm becomes more rigid your body
becomes more relaxed
Wet/dry tense/heavy difficult/easy
Interspersal of metaphors
Own experience
Truisms
Tailored
The Hypnotic Session
Types of suggestion
Symbolism and imagery
Imagine what the pain looks like
Negatives - to discharge resistance
You can - can you not
You will - will you not
Double bind
If you are ready to go into trance your R hand
will lift otherwise your L hand will lift
The Hypnotic Session
Techniques to facilitate trance
Focus attention
Enhance awareness of immediate experience
Note and accept new aspects of the experience
Introducing immediate goal
Repetition reinforcing partial response
Encourage dissociations and involuntary response
Build anticipation expectation
The Hypnotic Session
Belief +Imagination + Conviction + Expectation
= Hypnosis [ Hunter]