GSM Signaling Procedure

Huawei Vietnam RF Team

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., WWW.HUAWEI.COM

LTD.
 GSM Network Protocol

DTAP

RSL

OML

Page 1
 GSM Network Protocol

Layer 3 Introduction
RR :Radio Resource Management
Control by MSBTS and BSC
Function Sample
Paging Management
Ciphered Mode Management
Frequency Redefinition
Dedicated Channel Assignment
Handover Management
Measures and Power Control
MM :Mobility Management
Control by MS and MSC / VLR
Function Sample
Authentication / Identification Procedures
Location Updating
IMSI Attach / Detach

Page 2
 GSM Network Protocol

CC : Call Control
Control by MS and MSC
Function Sample
Call processing and routing
Short Message Service
Supplementary Service

Page 3
 GSM Frame Structure

1 hyperframe = 2 048 superframes = 2 715 648 TDMA frames (3 h 28 mn 53 s 760 ms)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047

1 superframe = 1 326 TDMA frames (6,12 s)

(= 51 (26-frame) multiframes or 26 (51-frame) multiframes)

0 1 2 3 47 48 49 50
0 1 24 25

1 (26-frame) multiframe = 26 TDMA frames (120 ms) 1 (51-frame) multiframe = 51 TDMA frames (3060/13 ms)

0 1 2 3 4 22 23 24 25 0 1 2 3 46 47 48 49 50

1 TDMA frame = 8 time slots (120/26 or 4,615 ms)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 time slot = 156,25 bit durations (15/26 or 0,577 ms)

(1 bit duration = 48/13 or 3,69 s)

(TB: Tail bits - GP: Guard period)

TB Encrypted bits Training sequence Encrypted bits TB GP
Normal burst (NB) 58 26 3 8,25
3 58

TB Fixed bits TB GP
Frequency correction burst (FB) 3 8.25
3 142

TB Encrypted bits Synchronization sequence Encrypted bits TB GP

Synchronization burst (SB) 3 39 64 39 3 8,25

TB Synchronization sequence Encrypted bits TB GP

Access burst (AB) 41 36 3 68,25
8

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 GSM Multi-Frame Channel

BCCH + CCCH
(dow nlink) F S B C F S C C F S C C F S C C F S C C -

BCCH + CCCH
(uplink) RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

51 frames 235.38 ms

8 SDCCH/8 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A0 A1 A2 A3 - - -
(dow nlink) D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A4 A5 A6 A7 - - -

8 SDCCH/8 A5 A6 A7 - - - D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A0
(uplink) A1 A2 A3 - - - D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A4

BCCH + CCCH F S B C F S C C F S D0 D1 D2 D3 F S A0 A1 -
4 SDCCH/4
(dow nlink) F S B C F S C C F S D0 D1 D2 D3 F S A2 A3 -

BCCH + CCCH D3 A2 A3 D0 D1 D2
RR RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR RR
4 SDCCH/4
D3 RR A0 A1 RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR D0 D1 RR D2
(uplink)

F: TDMA frame for frequency correction burst S: TDMA frame for synchronization burst
B: TDMA frame for BCCH C: TDMA frame for CCCH
D: TDMA frame for SDCCH A: TDMA frame for SACCH/C
R: TDMA frame for RACH

Page 5
 GSM Multi-Frame Channel

(a) T T T T T T T T T T T T A T T T T T T T T T T T T -

26 frames = 120 ms

(b) T t T t T t T t T t T t A T t T t T t T t T t T t a

(a) case of one full rate TCH (b) case of two half rate TCHs
T, t: TDMA frame for TCH -: idle TDMA frame A, a: TDMA frame for SACCH/T

Page 6
 Singling Link Establish
Procedure

Content
Establish Signaling Link, used for signaling transmission
When MS want to connect to network, firstly must establish the
radio signaling link and A-interface link
Step included
Paging Procedure
Random Access Procedure
Immediate Assignment Procedure
SCCP Connection Establishment Procedure

Page 7
 Singling Link Establish
Procedure
Entity
MS BTS RACH_TA_Filtering BSC MSC
Channel Request
ST3126 Channel Required Timer
RACHEst CauseRnd Nbr S -- Start
Est CauseRnd NbrFNTA
E -- End

Channel ActivationSD
ST9103
TABS/MS_TxPwr -->MaxChann

Channel Act Ack SD

ET9103

For 2 MS at same Immediate Assignment

time Command ST3101
Rnd NbrTDMA Frame NbrChan TA
AGCH
UI Imm Assignment / Imm Ass Ext CM Serv ReqPag Res
ET3126 Loc Update Req
Set Asynchronous SABM [L3 Info]SDCCH Est Ind [L3 Info]
Balance ET3101
UA [L3 Info] SCCP Con Rqrd [L3]
ST9105
Unnumbered Ack
ET9105
SCCP Conn Confirm

Um Abis A

Page 8
 Singling Link Establish ProcedureAbis

Abis Signaling

Channel Required

Page 9
 Singling Link Establish ProcedureAbis

Channel Activation

Page 10
 Singling Link Establish ProcedureAbis

Immediately Assignment

Page 11
 Authentication, Identification, Ciphering, TMSI Re-allocation

RAND and Ki by A3 VLR get

MS algorithm get BTS BSC MSC from HLR
SRES; by A8 Authentication Req the
ST3260
algorithm get Kc Authentication Req RAND RAND/SRES/
Authentication Req Kc
Authentication

Authentication Resp Authentication Resp Check

SRES Authentication Resp
ET3260
SRES
*Authentication Reject*

Identification Request
Identification

Identification Request Identification Request ST3270

Identification Response Identification Response

IMSI Identification Resp ET3270

AlgA5 AlgKc Permitted AlgKc

Ciphering

Ciphering Mode Cmd Encryption Command Ciphering Mode Cmd

Ciphering Mode Cmp Ciphering Mode Cmp Ciphering Mode Cmp

TMSI Realloc Cmd

TMSI Realloc

ST3250
TMSI Realloc Cmd TMSI
TMSI Realloc Cmd
TMSI Realloc Cmp TMSI Realloc Cmp TMSI Realloc Cmp
ET3250

Page 12
 Authentication, Identification, Ciphering, TMSI Re-allocation

Authentication Request

Page 13
 Authentication, Identification, Ciphering, TMSI Re-allocation

Authentication Response

Page 14
 Authentication, Identification, Ciphering, TMSI Re-allocation

Identification Response

Page 15
 TCH Assignment Procedure

Content
Normal Assignment for TCH
Special case
Queuing
Directed Retry

Page 16
 TCH Assignment Procedure

MS BTS BSC MSC

SDCCH Assignment Request STrr1

Physical Context Request Chn TypePriorityCIC

ST9108DL DTXQueuing Flag
TAMS/BS_TxPwr
Physical Context Confirm
ET9108
TAMS/BS_TxPwr
Channel Activation TCH
ST9103

Channel Activation Ack.

ET9103

MATSHSNMAIO
MS_TxPwr Assignment Command
ST3107
Assignment Command
On TCH if need signaling, then use
Stealing Flag transfer TCH into FACCH
SABM (FACCH)
Establish Indication
UA

Assignment Complete Assignment Complete

ET3107

Assignment Cmp
ETrr1

RF Channel Release (SD)

RF Channel Release Ack.

Page 17
 TCH Assignment Procedure---A interface

Assignment Request

EFR

Queuing

Page 18
 TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

Abis

Page 19
 TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

Physical Context Comfirm

Page 20
 TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

System Information Type 5

BA
List

Page 21
 TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

System Information Type 6

LAC/CI

Page 22
 TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

Assignment Command

Frequency Encoding
Bitmap 0

Page 23
 TCH Assignment Procedure---Abis interface

Frequency Encoding

Frequency Encoding
Fixed Bitmap Bitmap 0 Use for 1~124 AFRCN

Page 24
 TCH Assignment Procedure---Queue and Direct Retry

MS BTS BSC MSC

Assignment Request
ST11 Queuing Indication
TCH Queue
ET11
Physical Con Req At this time, a TCH become free

Assignment Request
Direct Retry ST11 Queuing Indication

ET11 A Handover alarm is raised.

T Channel Activation ST9103
A target BTS is selected
Chan. Act. Ack.
T ET9103

HO CMD HO CMD ST3103

S
ST3124 HO Access T HO Detection
ET3124
Phys. Info T

SABM (FACCH) T Establish Indication

UA T

HO CMP T HO CMP
ET3103

Assignment Cmp

Page 25
 MOCEarly Assignment

MS BTS BSC MSC

RR Connection Establishment RR Connection Establishment RR Connection Establishment

ESTIN (CM_Serv_Req) CM_Serv_Req

Authentication Procedure
SDCCH Ciphering Procedure
TMSI Realloc Procedure
CM Serv TypeMobile ID
Classmark2Priority
Authentication Procedure Authentication Procedure
Ciphering Procedure Ciphering Procedure
TMSI Realloc Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

SETUP SETUP SETUP

called party nbr
Call Proceeding Call Proceeding Call Proceeding

Assignment Procedure Assignment Procedure Assignment Procedure

Alerting Alerting Alerting Establish TCH
first, then
connect
Connect Connect Connect another part.
TCH
Alerting
Connect Ack. Connect Ack. Connect Ack. transfer on
TCH

Speech

Page 26
 MOC A interface

A interface

Two times Classmark

Update, the 1st one is
caused by Early
Classmark Sending
(ECSC); 2nd caused by
BSC send Classmark
Enquiry

Page 27
 MOC A interface

CM Service Request

MOC est/pkt mode con estab

Short message service
Suppl service activation

CLASSMARK

Page 28
 MOC A interface

CLASSMARK
Include
MS Revision Level
MS Ciphering Capability
MS Frequency Capability
MS RF Power Capability in Each Band

Page 29
 MOC A interface

CLASSMARK

Page 30
 MOC A interface

Setup

Called
Number

Page 31
 MOCLate Assignment

MS BTS BSC MSC

RR Connection Establishment RR Connection Establishment RR Connection Establishment

ESTIN (CM_Serv_Req) CM_Serv_Req

Authentication Procedure Authentication Procedure Authentication Procedure

Ciphering Procedure Ciphering Procedure Ciphering Procedure
SDCCH TMSI Realloc Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

SETUP SETUP SETUP

Call Proceeding Call Proceeding Call Proceeding

Alerting Alerting Alerting Establish

another side
Assignment Procedure Assignment Procedure Assignment Procedure channel, then
setup TCH ,
Connect Connect Connect Alerting send
on SDCCH
TCH Connect Ack. Connect Ack. Connect Ack.

Speech

Page 32
 Paging Group Number: defined by BS_AG_BLKS_RES and BS_PA_MFRMS;MS belong to the Paging Group =
(IMSI mod 1000) mod N;MS only monitor its own Paging Groups Paging Req message MTC

MS MS IDTMSI/IMSI BTS MS IDTMSI/IMSIBSC MS IDTMSI+IMSI/IMSI

MSC
Max 4 TMSI Paging Group Cell IDLAC/LAC+CI
Paging Request Paging Command Paging ST3113

RR Connection Establishment RR Connection Establishment RR Connection Establishment

Authentication Procedure
Ciphering Procedure
TMSI Realloc Procedure
ESTIN (Paging Resp) Paging Response ET3113
Mobile IDClassmark2Priority
Authentication Procedure Authentication Procedure
Ciphering Procedure Ciphering Procedure
TMSI Realloc Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

SETUP SETUP SETUP

calling party nbr
Call Confirmed Call Confirmed Call Confirmed

Assignment Procedure Assignment Procedure Assignment Procedure

Alerting Alerting Alerting

Connect Connect Connect

Connect Ack. Connect Ack. Connect Ack.

Speech
Page 33
 MTC A interface

A-interface

Page 34
 MTC A interface

Paging

IMSI, BSC use it for

calculate Paging Group

TMSI, its save bits

number in radio resource
for Paging

LAC Paging

Page 35
 MTC A interface

Paging Response

Page 36
 MTC A interface

Setup

Calling
Number

Page 37
 Location Update

MS BTS BSC MSC

RR Connection Establishment RR Connection Establishment RR Connection Establishment

LU TypeMS IDLAIClassmark1
ESTIN (Loc Up Req) Loc Up Req ST3210

Authentication Procedure Authentication Procedure Authentication Procedure

Ciphering Procedure Ciphering Procedure Ciphering Procedure
TMSI Realloc Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure TMSI Realloc Procedure

Loc Up Accept Loc Up Accept Loc Up Accept ET3210

Clear CMD
Channel Release
Channel Release
Deactivate SACCH
DISC

UA Release Indication

RF Ch Release

RF Ch Release Ack
Clear CMP

Page 38
 Location Update A interface

A interface

Page 39
 Location Update A interface

Location Update Request

Follow-on call
procedure

Old LAC

Current TMSI

Page 40
 Location Update A interface

Location Update Accept

New LAC

Re-allocated
TMSI

Page 41
 Intra Cell HO

MS Measurement Rep BTS BSC MSC

Measurement Res
Intra cell HO
OC
Phys Context Req ST9108

OC
Phys Context Conf ET9108
Old TAMS/BS_TxPwr
Channel Activation ST9103 will be reused in
NC new channel
NC
Channel Activation Ack ET9103

OC Handover Command ST3107

OC Assignment Command
SABM NC
NC Establish Indication
NC
UA

Assignment Complete NC
Assignment Complete ET3107
HO CauseCell IDChn Type
Handover Performed

OC RF Channel Rel ST_RCR_ACK

OC RF Channel Rel Ack. ET_RCR_ACK

OC : Old Channel
NC : New Channel

Page 42
 Intra Cell HO Abis

Abis

Page 43
 Intra Cell HO Abis

Assignment Command

Old TCH

New TCH
Channel

Page 44
 Internal Inter Cell HOSynchronized HO

MS BTSserving BTStarget BSC MSC

Meas Report Meas Result
HO Alarm & Candidate Cell

Phys Context Req ST9108

Phys Context Conf ET9108

Old TA is reused in
Channel Activation ST9103 new channel, but
MS/BS_TxPwr will
Channel Act Ack. ET9103
use the MAX in new
channel
HO Command HO CommandCellMAMAIOHSNTSTA ST3103

HO Access ABDCH
HO Detection
ST3106

ST200 SABM ET3106

Establish Ind
ET200
UA

Handover Complete Handover Complete ST3103

Handover Performed

RF Channel Release ST_RCR_ACK

RF Channel Rel. Ack. ET_RCR_ACK

Page 45
 Internal Inter Cell HOasynchronous

MS BTSserving BTStarget BSC MSC

Meas Report Meas Result
HO Alarm & Candidate Cell
No Physical Cont
Channel Activation ST9103
Req procedure, old
Channel Act Ack. ET9103
channel TA cant
reuse for new
channel
HO Command HO Command ST3103

ST3124
HO Access
Measure TA
HO Detection
ET3124
Physical Info ST3105
TA
ST200 SABMTA is reused
ET3105
Establish Ind
ET200 UA

Handover Complete Handover Complete ST3103

Handover Performed

Phys Context Req ST9108

Phys Context Conf ET9108

RF Channel Release ST_RCR_ACK

RF Channel Rel. Ack. ET_RCR_ACK

Page 46
 Internal Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Performed

HO Cause

Target Cell

Page 47
 External Inter Cell HO

MS BTSserving BTStarget BSCserving BSCtarget MSC

Meas Report Meas Result
HO Alarm & Candidate Cell
HO Required
ST_HO_REQ_Lost HO Request STrr2
Channel Activation SCCP
ST9103
Con Required

Channel Act Ack. ST9103

HO Request Ack. ETrr2
HO Command HO Command
ST9113
SCCP Con Conf.
HO Command
ET_HO_REQ_Lost ST3103
HO Access ST8
ST3124 HO Detection
ST3106
Phys Information
ET3124
SABM
ST200 ET3106 Establish Ind
ET200
UA
Handover Complete Handover Complete ET9113 HO Complete
ET3103
RF Channel Release Clear Command
ET8
RF Ch. Rel. Ack.
Clear Complete

SCCP Released

SCCP Rel. Cmp.

Page 48
 External Inter Cell HO---A interface

A interfaceoutgoing

A interface------incoming

Page 49
 External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Required

HO Cause

Target
Cell

Page 50
 External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Command

Target cellBCCH/BSIC

Target cell channel type

Use for HO Access

Initial power for new
channel

Page 51
 External Inter Cell HOA interface

Clear Command

Page 52
 External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Request 1 of 2

Channel
type

encryptio
n

Classmark
2

Page 53
 External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Request 2 of 2
Source
cell

Priority
and
Queuing

A
interfaces
CIC

Target cell

Classmark
3

Page 54
 External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Request Ack

HO
Command

Page 55
 External Inter Cell HOA interface

HO Complete

Page 56
 Channel Release

MS BTS BSC MSC

MS release

Disconnect Disconnect Disconnect

Release Release Release

Release Complete Release Complete Release Complete

Network release
Disconnect Disconnect Disconnect

Release Release Release

Release Complete Release Complete Release Complete

Page 57
 Channel ReleaseA
interface

A interface MS release

Call releaseDTAP layer

BSSM release

SCCP release
Disconnect

MS release

Normal call clear

Page 58
 Channel ReleaseA
interface

A interface Network Release

Disconnect

Network release

Another side hung

up
Page 59
 Channel Release

Channel Release
Um and A interface release is separated with each other
Um Channel Release
BSC send Channel Release message to MS
Radio Link Failure
A interface Release
MSC send CLEAR COMMAD to BSC
BSC send CLEAR REQUEST to MSC

Page 60
 Channel Release Radio Channel

MS BTS BSC MSC

ST3110 Channel Release (DCH)
Deactivate SACCH
DISC (DCH)
Release Indication ST3111
BSC send Channel Release
ET3110 UA
T3111 Expiry
To MS
Phy Context Request ST9108

Phy Context Confirm Wait for T3111 expired,

ET9108
then release BTS channel,
RF Channel Release ST_RCR_ACK to ensure the UA message
have time to send
RF Channel Release Ack ET_RCR_ACK

No SACCH received from the MS

Connection Fail Ind
Radio Link Failure
RF Channel Release ST_RCR_ACK

RF Channel Release Ack ET_RCR_ACK

Page 61
 Channel Release Abis

Abis

Channel
release

Page 62
 Channel ReleaseA Interface Release

BSC MSC

ST9104 Clear Request

ET9104
Clear Command

BSC Trigger the release ST9101 Clear Complete

ET9101
SCCP Released

SCCP Released Complete

Clear Command

MSC Trigger the release Clear Complete

ST9101 SCCP Released

ET9101
SCCP Released Complete

Page 63
Thank You