Production of Crude Palm Oil in

Malaysia

L01
Thinesh a/l Saravanan 55102315150
Saifulrizal b. Zafrul 55102315004
Muhd Danial Bin Mohd Nor Azam 55102315073
Wan Muhammad Danial Iqbal Bin Wan Yazidzuddin 55102315149
Background of Palm Oil in Malaysia
The development of oil palm as a plantation crop started in the South East Asia;
the first introduction of the African oil palm was four seedlings from Mauritius and
Amsterdam that were planted in the Botanic Gardens in Bogor in 1848.
The first commercial oil palm plantation was established in Sumatra, Indonesia by
M. Adrien Hallet, a Belgian agronomist with interests in the Belgian Congo (Zaire).
The development of the industry in Malaysia is attributed to Frenchman, Henri
Fauconnier and his association with Hallet.
In 1911, Fauconnier visited Hallets oil palm development in Sumatra and had
purchased some oil palm seeds and these were planted at his Rantau Panjang
Estate in Selangor.
He returned to Sumatra the following year to obtain seeds that he had selected
together Hallet from Tanjong Morawa Kiri Estate for further planting.
With seedlings obtained from the 1911 and 1912 importation, Fauconnier
established the first commercial oil palm planting at Tennamaram Estate, to
replace an unsuccessful planting of coffee bushes (Tate, 1996).
 Processing details
The fruit bunches are steamed in pressurised vessels up to 3 bars to
arrest the formation of free fatty acids and prepare the fruits for
subsequent sub-processes.
The sterilised bunches are then stripped of the fruitlets in a rotating
drum thresher.
The stripped bunches or empty fruit bunches (EFB) are transported
to the plantation for mulching while the fruitlets are conveyed to
the press digesters.
The digested mash is then pressed, extracting the oil by means of
screw presses. The press cake is then conveyed to the kernel plant
where the kernels are recovered.
The clarified oil is then fed to purifiers to remove dirt and moisture
before being dried further in the vacuum drier. The clean and dry oil
is ready for storage and dispatch.
 Cont
The sludge from the clarifier sediment is fed into bowl
centrifuges for further oil recovery.
The recovered oil is recycled to the clarifiers while the
water/sludge mixture which is referred to as Palm Oil
Mill Effluent (POME) is treated in the effluent
treatment plant.(ETP).
The press cake is conveyed to the depericarper where
the fibre and nuts are separated. Fibre is burned as fuel
in the boiler to generate steam.
The nuts are cracked and the shell and kernel are
separated by means of a winnower and hydro-cyclone.
The clean kernels are dried prior to storage
Processing of Crude Palm Oil
Flow chart of manufacturing
 Separation equipment
screw press
rotary drum
Filter press
Centrifugal Oil Separator
clay bath separator
 Screw press

The crude oil is extracted from the digested fruit mash using
screw press
 Rotary drum

The separating of fruits from bunch by mechanical stripping using

rotary drum.
 Filter Press

The crushed fruit screw extrusion leaching by the press and the press
cake is then conveyed to the kernel plant where the kernels are
recovered .
 Centrifugal Oil Separator

It is used for clarifying and purifying the palm oil.

 Clay bath separator

Separation of nut and shell from palm kernel

 References
CHEAH, S.C. 2000. Biological technologies for improving plantation tree crops:
The oil palm A case study. In Plantation Crops in the New Millennium: The Way
Ahead. Vol I (Ed: E. Pusparajah.). The Incorporated Society of Planters, Kuala
Lumpur. 59-76
CORLEY, H. 1999. New technologies for plantation crop improvement. Presented
at the Tropical Agriculture Association Conference on Advancing Biotechnolgy in
Developing Countries. The Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester. December, 2,
1999.
CORLEY, R.H.V., LEE, C.H., LAW, I.H. and WONG, C.Y. (1986). Abnormal
flower development in oil palm clones. The Planter, Kuala Lumpur, 62 : 223-240.
DeMAN, J.M. and DeMAN, L. (1994). Speccialty Fats Based on Palm Oil and
Palm Kernel Oil. MPOPC Palm Oil Information Series, Kuala Lumpur. 16pp.
HARCHARAN SINGH, K. (1876). The Oil Palm Industry of Malaysia: An
Economic Study. Penerbit Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur. 354pp.
HARDON, J.J., CORLEY, R.H.V. and LEE, C.H. (1987). Breeding and selecting
the oil palm. In Improving Vegetatively Propagated Crops.(edds. Abbot,A.J and
Atkin, R.K.). Academic Press p 64-81
 Additional Info Videos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GcbzzkQ
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