Technical Features of Road

Improvement Projects

Dr. C.E.G. Justo

Honorary Professor, Bangalore University
Director, KRDCL
and Technical Advisor, IR Rasta
 1. Introduction

1.1 National level Development

projects
NHDP (N-S and E-W Corridors, Golden
Quadrilateral by NHAI)

Other upgradation of NH stretches and

new bypasses by MORTH

Expressways and other BOT projects

1.2 State level Highway projects
State Highways improvement projects
(with World Bank loan assistance)

Road improvement projects through

State Road Development Corporations
and Road Boards
1.3 Rural Road Development projects
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
(PMGSY)

Projects with assistance from other

agencies like NABARD
1.4 Urban Road Improvement
projects
Urban Infrastructure Development
projects with ADB loan assistance

Special schemes by Municipal

Corporations
1.5 General scope of these projects
Improvement of existing / Strengthening
roads

Rehabilitation / Reconstruction of Stretches of

Stretches

Upgradation of Geometrics

Upgradation by widening (Single / dual

carriageway)

Construction of new road stretches /

bypasses
2 Minor Road Improvement
works
2.1 Maintenance of drainage system
Longitudinal drains (desilting,
missing links / new drains)
Cross drainage system
Camber
Drainage on shoulders (see figures 1,
2(a) , 2(b) & 3)
Sub surface drainage
Figure 1
Figure 2 (a)
Figure 2 (b)
Figure 3
2.2 Treatment of Existing Pavement

- Patching of Pot holes

2.3 Treatment of Areas with Wide

Cracks
Figure 5
Figure 6
2.4 Treatment of bituminous surface
with fine cracks
Liquid seal
Fog seal
Slurry seal
Seal coat
Premix patching
2.5 Profile correction
Depression filling
Correction of cross slope
2.6 Resurfacing (after steps 2.1 to
2.5)
Thin bituminous surfacings
S.D.
PC with Type A or B seal coat
MSS
SDBC
Figure 7
3 Strengthening by overlay
Pavement evaluation
Overlay design
Steps 2.1 to 2.5
Selection of overlaying materials &
thickness
BM+PC/MSS/SDBC/BC
BM+DBM+BC
DBM+PC
BC
4 Rehabilitation of old damaged
surface and strengthening /
resurfacing
4.1 Removal of damaged bituminous
layer
Methods for this surfacing
Method for removal of one of the thick
bituminous layers
4.2 Profile correction -material
4.3 Scope of re-using of removed
5.Upgradation of Road Geometrics
5.1 Cross Sectional Elements
- Cross Slope
- Width of Carriageway / Roadway
- Medians / Kerbs
5.2 Sight Distance
- Stopping Sight Distance
- Overtaking Sight Distance
- Intermediate Sight Distance
Geometric Design
5.3 Horizontal Alignment
- Superelevation
- Horizontal Curves
radius, widening at curves
- Transition Curves
5.4 Vertical Alignment
- Gradient
- Vertical Curves ..summit curves, valley
curves
 6. Upgradation - Widening of
single carriage-way
6.1 Requirements of widening
Formation and shoulders
Single / Intermediate lane to 2 lanes
2 lanes to 2 lanes with paved
shoulders
6.2 Types of widening of pavement
Direct widening (See figure 8)
Removal of part of pavement and
widening (See figure 9)
Figure 8
Figure 9
6.3 Steps for widening with
conventional drainage layer

6.4 Steps for widening with alternate

method of sub-surface drainage
Figure 10
Figure 11
 7 Upgradation -Raising of
formation and re-construction
7.1 Objects
7.2 Method (Figure 13)
7.3 Steps
7.4
Figure 12
8 Upgradation - Widening of 2
lane road to divided carriage-
way
8.1 Symmetrical widening -Alternative-1
Method (Figure 13)
Advantages
Limitations
Figure 13
8.2 One side widening by new
carriage-way and raised central
median (Alternative-2)
Method
Advantages
Limitations
Figure 14
8.3 One side widening by new
carriage-way and depressed central
median
Method
Advantages
Limitations
Figure 15
Any Questions?

Thank You