Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

ECS 559
Chapter 2:
REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM
DESIGN & DETAILING
ECS 478 Chapter 2 :
Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

CONTINUOUS BEAM
DESIGN
Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

LEARNING OUTCOME :
By completing this chapter, students shall be able to:

1.0 Determine moments and shear forces in continuous

beam.
2.0 Design a continuous beam and apply durability and
serviceability checks.
Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

Introduction to Continuous Beam

Continuous beams
are beams that
have more than
one span and
normally found in
cast in-situ
construction.

Figure below
shows failure
mode of a
continuous beam
and the position
of the main
reinforcement.
Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

Assumption Loading from Slab

Loading acting on a beam can be contributed by loading from
the supported slabs, supported secondary beams,
brickwall, and other structure elements such as staircase,
roof truss etc.
Load distribution from the slab to beam always depends on the
geometry of slabs, type of supports condition and continuity of
the slabs.
Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

Assumption Loading from Slab

(cont)
For rectangular slabs that supported in 4-sides, the following
method can be used:
0ne-way slab (Ly/Lx > 2.0)

where n = uniform distributed load on slab (kN/m2)

Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

Assumption Loading from Slab

(cont)
For rectangular slabs that supported in 4-sides, the following
method can be used:
Two-way slab (Ly/Lx < 2.0)

where n = uniform distributed load on slab (kN/m2)

Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

Analysis Method
There are few methods that could be used in obtaining shear
and moment values of a continuous beam for design purposes:

o Use of shear and moment coefficient

o Moment distribution
o Stiffness method

(a) Shear & moment coefficient

Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

Flanged beams
Flanged beams are cast as a part of the slab system.
When the beams are resisting sagging moments, the slab act as a
compression flange and the members designed as T or L beams.
With hogging moments, the slab will be in tension and the members
designed as a rectangular section.
Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

The effective flange width, beff (Cl.5.3.2.1) :

Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design
Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

Analysis Method cont

(a) Shear & moment coef.
 b
Stress block analysis
ec 0.567 fck
Fc
AC x 0.8x
0.8

d
h z

As1
s
es
Fs = 0.87 fyk As1
s

In EC2 only the details of the stress block are given, not the flexural
design formulae. This is considered text book information.
Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

Design Procedure for a flanged beam :

Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

Shear Reinforcement (Cl. 6.2)

Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

Shear Reinforcement (Cl. 6.2)

Continuous Beam Design & Detailing continuous beam design

Detailing
Deflection
Deflection (contd.)
DESIGN AIDS, FIRE
 Exercise : Beam Design
Figure below shows the simply supported beam and the size
of the beam. Assuming that : concrete cover = 25 mm,
diameter of bar is 20mm, diameter of link = 10mm, fck =
25N/mm,fyk= 500 N/mm. Calculate the area of steel, shear
reinforcement of the beam and check the deflection of the
beam.

15kN/m
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
450mm
4m

200mm
Figure Q1 shows the floor plan of the typical car park area. By considering the data given:

a) Design the main reinforcement at mid span for Beam C/1-4.

b) Design the main reinforcement at over support for Beam C/1-4.

Data given:
Dimension of beam = 300mm x 650mm
Characteristic strength of the concrete, fck = 30 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of main bars & link, fyk = 500 N/mm2
Slab thickness = 200 mm
Ultimate design load for Beam C/1-4 = 90 KN/m
Effective depth of tension reinforcement, d = 600 mm
Depth of compression reinforcement, d = 50 mm
 EFFECTIVE WIDTH OF FLANGE BEAM (T BEAM)

Continuous beam
beff = beff i + bw < b b = short span of slab = 3000-300 = 2700 mm,
bw = width of beam = 300mm
Where beff i = 0.2bi + 0.1lo < 0.2lo
and beff < bi, l = span length of beam = 8500 mm

Lo = 0.7l = 0.7 x 8500 = 5950 mm (interior beam, Lo = 0.7l)

As the beam is symmetric about its centreline, b1=b2 and beff1 = beff2
b = (3000 300)/2 + (3000- 300)/2 = 2700 mm)
b1 = b2 = (3000 300)/2 = 1350 mm
beff i = 0.2bi + 0.1lo < 0.2lo
beff 1 = 0.2 x 1350 + 0.1 x 5950
= 865mm < b1 = 1350 mm , or
< 0.2lo = 0.2 x 5950
= 1190 mm
beff = beff1 + beff2 + bw
= 865 mm + 865 mm + 300 mm
= 2030 mm < b = 2700 mm
 Flange beam design (T beam)

1. Calculate Moment (M)

2. Calculate K = M/bfdfck, where bf = bff
3. Calculate z
4. Calculate S = 2 (d z), if S < h (slab thickness), then the section
design as a rectangular section.

NORMAL PRACTICE AS CIVIL ENGINEER,

AT MID SPAN DESIGN AS A RECTANGULAR SECTION,
WHERE
b = WIDTH OF RECTANGULAR BEAM NOT FLANGE BEAM
(bff)
Figure Q1 shows the floor plan of the typical car park area. By considering the data given:

a) Design the main reinforcement at mid span for Beam A/1-4.

b) Design the main reinforcement at over support for Beam A/1-4.

Data given:
Dimension of beam = 300mm x 650mm
Characteristic strength of the concrete, fck = 30 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of main bars & link, fyk = 500 N/mm2
Slab thickness = 200 mm
Ultimate design load for Beam A/1-4 = 50 KN/m
Effective depth of tension reinforcement, d = 600 mm
Depth of compression reinforcement, d = 50 mm
 EFFECTIVE WIDTH OF FLANGE BEAM (L BEAM)

Continuous beam
beff = beff i + bw < b b = short span of slab = 3000-300 = 2700 mm,
bw = width of beam = 300mm
Where beff i = 0.2bi + 0.1lo < 0.2lo
and beff < bi, l = span length of beam = 8500 mm

Lo = 0.85l = 0.85 x 8500 = 7225 mm (edge beam, Lo = 0.85l)

b = (3000 300)/2 = 1350 mm)

beff i = 0.2bi + 0.1lo < 0.2lo

beff 1 = 0.2 x 1350 + 0.1 x 7225
= 992.5mm < b = 1350 mm , or
< 0.2lo = 0.2 x 7225
= 1445 mm
beff = beff1 + bw
= 992.5 mm + 300 mm
= 1292.5 mm < b = 1350 mm
 Flange beam design (L beam)

1. Calculate Moment (M)

2. Calculate K = M/bfdfck, where bf = bff
3. Calculate z
4. Calculate S = 2 (d z), if S < h (slab thickness), then the section
design as a rectangular section.

NORMAL PRACTICE AS CIVIL ENGINEER,

AT MID SPAN DESIGN AS A RECTANGULAR SECTION,
WHERE
b = WIDTH OF RECTANGULAR BEAM NOT FLANGE BEAM
(bff)
 EXERCISE

1. A T beam has an effective flange width of 1370mm, a flange

thickness of 150mm, a web width of 250mm and overall depth of
500mm. The concrete Gred is C30/37 and the steel 500 N/mm.The
cover for reinforcement is 25mm.Assuming that the diameter of
link and main steel are 10mm and 16mm respectively. Calculate the
area of main steel required for the following moments;
i) 400 KNm (sagging)
ii) 300 KNm (hogging)
 EXERCISE

1.A simply supported T beam of 7m clear span carries uniformly

distributed dead (including self-weight) and imposed loads of 10KN/m
and 15KN/m respectively. The beam dimensions as shown below.
Assuming that the T beam is made from grade 30 concrete, steel
strength is 500 N/mm. Calculate the area of main steel required for the
T beam.
beff = 900 mm
hf = 200 mm

Effective depth, d = 600 mm Overall depth , h = 650 mm

bw = 300 mm