Cloud Computing:

Vision, Tools, Technologies for

Delivering Computing as the 5th Utility
1
 Cloud Computing:
Vision, Tools, and Technologies for
Delivering Computing as the 5th Utility

Dr. Rajkumar Buyya

Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Lab
Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering
The University of Melbourne, Australia
www.cloudbus.org
www.buyya.com
www.manjrasoft.com
Major Sponsors/Supporters
 Outline

Computer Utilities
Vision and Promising IT Paradigms/Platforms
Cloud Computing and Related Paradigms
Trends, Definition, Cloud Benefits and Challenges
Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
SLA-oriented Resource Allocation
Global Cloud Exchange
Emerging Cloud Platforms
Cloudbus: Melbourne Cloud Computing Project
Summary and Thoughts for Future

3
 Computer Utilities Vision:
Implications of the Internet
1969 Leonard Kleinrock, ARPANET project
As of now, computer networks are still in their infancy,
but as they grow up and become sophisticated, we will
probably see the spread of computer utilities, which,
like present electric and telephone utilities, will service
individual homes and offices across the country
Computers Redefined
1984 John Gage, Sun Microsystems
The network is the computer
2008 David Patterson, U. C. Berkeley
The data center is the computer. There are dramatic differences between
of developing software for millions to use as a service versus distributing
software for millions to run their PCs
2008 The Cloud is the computer Buyya!

4
 Computing Paradigms and
Attributes: Realizing the Computer
Utilities Vision

} ?
Web
Data Centres
Utility Computing
Service Computing
Grid Computing +
P2P Computing
Market-Oriented
Computing -Ubiquitous
Cloud Computing -Reliable -Trillion $ business
-Scalable
-Autonomic
Paradigms -Dynamic
discovery
- Composable
-QoS
-SLA
-

5
Attributes/Capabilities
 Outline

Computer Utilities
Vision and Promising IT Paradigms/Platforms
Cloud Computing and Related Paradigms
Trends, Definition, Cloud Benefits and Challenges
Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
SLA-oriented Resource Allocation
Global Cloud Exchange
Emerging Cloud Platforms
Cloudbus: Melbourne Cloud Computing Project
Summary and Thoughts for Future

6
 Gold rush: Too many people are

In Search of Cloud Computing!

Legend:
Cluster computing,
Grid computing,
Cloud computing

7
 2009 Gartner IT Hype Cycle
of Emerging Technologies

8
 Defining Clouds: There are many
views for what is cloud computing?

Over 20 definitions:
http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/read/612375_p.htm
Buyyas definition
"A Cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting
of a collection of inter-connected and virtualised computers
that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or
more unified computing resources based on service-level
agreements established through negotiation between the
service provider and consumers.
Keywords: Virtualisation (VMs), Dynamic Provisioning
(negotiation and SLAs), and Web 2.0 access interface

9
 Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a Service
(IaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
CPU, Storage: Amazon.com,
Nirvanix, GoGrid.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Google App Engine, Microsoft
Azure, Manjrasoft Aneka..
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
SalesForce.Com

10
 Clouds based on Ownership and
Exposure

Public/Internet Private/Enterprise Hybrid/Mixed Clouds

Clouds Clouds

3rd party, Mixed usage of

Cloud computing
multi-tenant Cloud private and public
model run
infrastructure Clouds:
within a companys
& services: Leasing public
own Data Center /
cloud services
infrastructure for
* available on when private cloud
internal and/or
subscription basis capacity is
partners use.
(pay as you go) insufficient

11
 (Promised) Benefits of (Public)
Clouds

No upfront infrastructure investment

No procuring hardware, setup, hosting, power, etc..
On demand access
Lease what you need and when you need..
Efficient Resource Allocation
Globally shared infrastructure, can always be kept busy by serving
users from different time zones/regions...
Nice Pricing
Based on Usage, QoS, Supply and Demand, Loyalty,
Application Acceleration
Parallelism for large-scale data analysis, what-if scenarios studies
Highly Availability, Scalable, and Energy Efficient
Supports Creation of 3rd Party Services & Seamless offering
Builds on infrastructure and follows similar Business model as Cloud

12
 Cloud opportunity in short term

13
 When will Cloud spending become
50% of IT spending or reach to a
several trillion $ business/year?

600?

30% 1000? 50%

120?
15%

2016 2020? 2020?

Buyyas Estimate!
14
 Cloud Computing Challenges:
Dealing with too many issues
ng
Prici

zat ion Scalability

uali Res
Virt our
ce M
eter
ing
Q oS Reliability
v el
Le nts Billing
e e
r vic em
Se gre Ene
r
A gy E
f ficie
nc y
Provision
ing Utility & Risk
on Deman
d Management
a l & ry
y g to
ur i t Le ula
S ec g
Re
Uhm, I am not quite
Privacy Programming Env.
clearYet another
& Application Dev.
st complex IT paradigm?
Tru

Software Eng.
Complexity
15
 Outline

Computer Utilities
Vision and Promising IT Paradigms/Platforms
Cloud Computing and Related Paradigms
Trends, Definition, Cloud Benefits and Challenges
Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
SLA-oriented Resource Allocation
Global Cloud Exchange
Emerging Cloud Platforms
Cloudbus: Melbourne Cloud Computing Project
Summary and Thoughts for Future

16
 Realizing the Computer Utilities
Vision: What Consumers and
Providers Want?
Consumers minimize expenses, meet QoS
How do I express QoS requirements to meet my goals?
How do I assign valuation to my applications?
How do I discover services and map applications to meet QoS needs?
How do I manage multiple providers and get my work done?
How do I outperform other competing consumers?

Providers maximise Return On Investment (ROI)
How do I decide service pricing models?
How do I specify prices?
How do I translate prices into resource allocations?
How do I assign and enforce resource allocations?
How do I advertise and attract consumers?
How do I perform accounting and handle payments?

Mechanisms, tools, and technologies
value expression, translation, and enforcement

17
 Market-based Systems = Self-
managed and self-regulated
systems.
Manage 1
Complexity
Supply and
Demand
Enhance Utility

2
3

penalty

18
 Market-oriented Cloud
Architecture: QoS negotiation and SLA-
based Resource Allocation

19
 A (Layered) Cloud Architecture

Cloud applications
User level
Social computing, Enterprise, ISV, Scientific, CDNs, ...

Cloud programming: environments and tools

Autonomic / Cloud Economy

User-Level
Web 2.0 Interfaces, Mashups, Concurrent and Distributed

Adaptive Management
Middleware
Programming, Workflows, Libraries, Scripting
Apps Hosting Platforms
QoS Negotiation, Admission Control, Pricing, SLA Management,
Core Monitoring, Execution Management, Metering, Accounting, Billing
Middleware

Virtual Machine (VM), VM Management and Deployment

Cloud resources

System level

20
 Outline

21st Century Vision of Computing

Promising Computing Paradigms
Cloud Computing and Related Paradigms
Trends, Definition, Characteristics, Architecture
Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
SLA-oriented Resource Allocation
Global Cloud Exchange
Emerging Cloud Platforms
Cloudbus: Melbourne Cloud Computing Project
Summary and Thoughts for Future

21
 Some Commercial-Oriented Cloud
platforms/technologies
System Amazon Google Microsoft Manjrasoft
Property EC2 & S3 App Engine Azure Aneka

Focus IaaS IaaS/PaaS IaaS/PaaS PaaS

Compute (EC2), Web and non-web

Service Type Web apps Compute/Data
Storage (S3) apps
Resource Manager
Virtualisation OS Level: Xen Apps container OS level/Hyper-V
and Scheduler
Dynamic SLA-oriented/
Negotiation of None None None Resource
QoS Reservation
Web-based
User Access EC2 Command-line Windows Azure
Administration Workbench, Tools
Interface Tools portal
Console
Web APIs Yes Yes Yes Yes
Value-added
Yes No Yes No
Service Providers

Programming Amazon Machine Multiple App models

Python .NET framework
Framework Image (AMI) in.NET languages
22
 Many Cloud Offerings: Good, but new
issues-vendor lock in, scaling across clouds

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ix os Am
van M nS
3 azo
ver Ni r azo
n E C2
enSer Am
ix X
C i tr

z ure SaaS Manjrasoft Aneka

soft A PaaS
ro
Mic

Hy
pe I aaS
r vi V
so
rs p er-
Hy

Pub n
lic
ine
Clou
d Xe
En g
A pp are
gle W Complex decisions
Goo VM to make?
Private Clo
ud
lo ud
r id C
H yb

23
 InterCloud: Global Cloud Exchange
and Market Maker

Compute Cloud

Storage Cloud
Broker 1

Request Negotiate/Bid Publish Offers

Capacity

Directory
.
. Bank
. Auctioneer
Enterprise .
Resource
Manager
(Proxy) Broker N
Global Cloud Compute
Cloud
Exchange
Enterprise IT Consumer

Storage Cloud

24
 Outline

Computer Utilities
Vision and Promising IT Paradigms/Platforms
Cloud Computing and Related Paradigms
Trends, Definition, Cloud Benefits and Challenges
Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
SLA-oriented Resource Allocation
Global Cloud Exchange
Emerging Cloud Platforms
Cloudbus: Melbourne Cloud Computing Project
Summary and Thoughts for Future

25
 Cloudbus@CLOUDS Lab:
Melbourne Cloud Computing Initiative

Market-Oriented Clouds
SLA-based Resource Management
Global Cloud Exchange Elements: Brokers
Aneka .NET-based Cloud Computing
PaaS for Enterprise and Public Clouds
Scaling Across Clouds (Meta Brokering) Harnessing Compute
resources
Federation of clouds for application scaling across distributed resources
3rd Party Cloud Services (e.g., MetaCDN) Harnessing Storage
resources
Building Content Delivery Networks using different vendors Storage
Clouds
Green Clouds / Data Centers
Energy Efficiency and QoS Oriented Resource Allocation
CloudSim: Toolkit for Simulation of Clouds
Design and evaluation for resource management policies & algorithms

26
 Aneka: .NET-based Cloud
Computing

SDK containing APIs for

multiple programming
models and tools
Runtime Environment for
managing application
execution management
Suitable for
Development of Enterprise
Cloud Applications
Cloud enabling legacy
applications
Portability for Customer Apps:
Enterprise Public Clouds
.NET/Win Mono/Linux

27
 QoS Negotiation in Aneka

Meta Negotiation
Registry 3. Matching
DB
DB
DB Registries

2. Publishing, Querying 1. Publishing

MN Middelware
MN Middelware
Gridbus Broker 4. Session Establishment Aneka
Amadeus Meta- Meta-
Negotiation Handshaking Handshaking
Workflow Negotiation

Alternate Local SLA Local SLA Alternate

WSDL Offers
Offers Template 5. Negotiation Template Negotiation
Negotiation
Strategy Strategy
Party 1 API Party 2

Service Consumer Service Provider

6. Service Invocation
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 Aneka: components

public DumbTask: ITask

{

public void Execute()
Aneka enterprise Cloud
{
for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
{ }
}
DumbTask task = new DumbTask();
app.SubmitExecution(task); Executor Executor
work units
}

Client
Agent Executor
internet

work units
Scheduler
Aneka Worker
internet
Aneka Manager Service
Executor
Client
Agent
Programming / Deployment Model
Aneka User Agent
29
 Aneka & Virtual Resource Pools
Integration

XenServer Pool
Allows resource provisioning over private Cloud
infrastructure managed by Xen Server
VMWare Pool
Allows resource provisioning over private Cloud
infrastructure managed by VMWare
Amazon EC2 Pool
Allows resource provisioning over public Cloud
provider : Amazon EC2

30
 Aneka Cloud

Request (5 resources, $0) Xen Server

Completed
- Capacity : 10 VMs

Aneka

Provision Service VMWare

- Capacity : 5 VMs
Process (5)

Amazon Clouds
Enterprise Desktops/Servers Cloud
31
 Aneka+Xen Suspend VM (10)
Start VM (10)

Request (20
(5 resources,
Completed
resources,$0)
$0) Xen Server
- Capacity : 10 VMs
Provision (14)
Aneka
Suspend
Start VM
VM(4)(4)
Join Network(14)

Provision Service Process (14) VMWare

- Capacity : 5 VMs
(5)
Process (6)

Release (14)

Amazon Clouds
Enterprise Desktops/Servers Cloud
32
 Aneka+Xen+EC2 Start VM (10)
Suspend VM (10)

Request (30
(5 ($3.2)
Completed resources,
resources,$0)
$5) Xen Server
- Capacity : 10 VMs

Provision (24)
Aneka
Suspend
Start VM
VM(5)(5)
Join Network(24)

Provision Service Process (24) VMWare

- Capacity : 5 VMs
(5)
Process (6)

Release (24)
Release
Start VMVM
(9)(9)

Amazon Clouds
- Cost : 20 cents per instance

Enterprise Desktops/Servers Cloud

33
Aneka Case Studies
 User scenario: GoFront
(unit of China Southern Railway
Group)
Application: Locomotive design CAD rendering
Aneka Maya Renderer
GoFront Private Aneka
Cloud

Use private
Aneka Cloud
LAN network
(Running Maya Batch Mode on
demand)

Case 2: Aneka
Enterprise Cloud Time
(in hrs)

Case 1: Single Server

Raw Locomotive Design Files
(Using AutoDesk Maya) Using Maya
Graphical Mode Single Aneka
Directly
Server Cloud
4 cores Aneka utilizes idle desktops
server (30) to decrease task time
35
from days to hours
 Providing a scalable architecture for
TitanStrike on-line Gaming Portal

The local scheduler TitanStrike Private Aneka

interacts with Aneka Cloud
and distributes the load
Aneka-based in the cloud.
GameController
LAN network
Case 2: Aneka Enterprise Cloud = Scalability (Running Game plugins on Demand)
Gamers profiles
Players statistics Distributed logs
logs
Team playing
Multiple games
log parsing

Titan Strike On Line

Gaming Portal

Case 1: Single Server = Huge Overload

logs

Centralized
log parsing

Single scheduler
controlling the
execution of all the logs
Single matches.
GameController Game Servers
36
 DNA MicroArray Data Analysis for
BRCA (Brain Cancer gene profiles)

Aneka on
Public Cloud
Amazon EC2

37
 Gene Expression Profiling
Classification on Public Clouds

Co-XCS Model: multiple

CoXCS Classifiers evolve
separately on a different
partition and exchange
individuals at predefined
stages

Cloud CoXCS
Development and execution
Aneka distribution engine: Offspring environment of composable
dispatches CoXCS tasks workflows that are run on
in the Aneka Cloud. top of distributed middleware
via plug-in based engines.

Aneka deployment on EC2 public Compute Cloud

38
 Experiments on Amazon EC2

Master image: Aneka container with scheduling

and task model file staging services deployed
on Windows Server 2003
Worker image: Aneka Container with task
execution services deployed on RedHat Linux

c1.medium

Execution time (in minutes)

39
Building 3rd Party Cloud Services
Harnessing Storage Clouds

Building Next-Gen Content Delivery

Networks
 Motivations

Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) such as Akamai

place web server clusters in numerous geographical
locations huge upfront investment
to improve the responsiveness and locality of the content it
hosts for end-users.
However, their services are priced out of reach for all
but the largest enterprise customers.
Hence, we have developed an alternative approach to
content delivery by leveraging infrastructure Storage
Cloud providers at a fraction of the cost of traditional
CDN providers pay as you go

41
 Commercial Storage Clouds &
Pricing

42
 MetaCDN: Harnessing Storage
Clouds for Content Delivery
(Broberg, Buyya, Tari, JNCA 2009)

43
Meta Brokering Harnessing Compute
Clouds for Application Scaling

Extending market-oriented Grid Ideas with

Cloud computing
 Building a Grid of Clouds
Global Utility Computing

Grid Information Service

Grid Resource Broker

R2 Application
database
R3 R4

R5 RN
Grid Resource Broker
R6
R1
Resource Broker

Grid Information Service

45
 Gridbus Service Broker (GSB)

A resource broker for scheduling task farming data-intensive

applications with static or dynamic parameter sweeps on
global Grids and Clouds.
It uses computational economy paradigm for optimal
selection of computational and data services depending on
their quality, cost, and availability, and users QoS
requirements (deadline, budget, & T/C optimisation)
Key Features
A single window to manage & control experiment
Programmable Task Farming Engine
Resource Discovery and Resource Trading
Optimal Data Source Discovery
Scheduling & Predications
Generic Dispatcher & Grid Agents
Transportation of data & sharing of results
Accounting

46
 workload

Gridbus User Console/Portal/Application Interface

App, T, $, Optimization Preference

Gridbus Broker

Gridbus Farming Engine

Schedule Advisor

Record Trading Manager

Keeper

Dispatcher Grid Explorer

TM TS
Core Middleware $ GE GIS, NWS

Grid Info Server

RM & TS G
$ Data
Data
C Catalog
$ G
U Node

Globus L
enabled A
47 node. Amazon EC2/S3 Cloud.
 Gridbus Broker: Separating applications
from different remote service access
enablers and schedulers

Application Development Interface

Home Node/Portal
Single-sign on security
Algorithm1
Scheduling
Interfaces
batch()
Gridbus -PBS
-Condor
Broker -SGE
AlgorithmN fork() -Aneka
-XGrid

Data Catalog
Plugin Actuators

Aneka Globus

Job manager
Data Store Amazon EC2 SSH
Access Technology fork()
AMI
fork() batch() batch()
SRB
-PBS
-PBS
Gridbus Grid FTP -Condor
Gridbus
-Condor agent
agent -SGE
-SGE
-XGrid

48
 s

49
Market-Oriented Scheduling
Experiments
 Experiment Setup: DBC Scheduling
with Optimize for (1) Time & (2)
Cost
Workload:
A parameter sweep synthetic application (100 jobs), each job
is modeled to execute ~5 minute with variation of (+/-20 sec.).
QoS Constraints: Deadline: 40 min. and Budget: $6
Resources:
US
R*
Europe R2 Information
Service
Australia R1

R4,5
Resource Broker

51
 Resources & Price (multiplier for clarity)
TotalJobs
Rate
Organization Resource Details (Cents per
second*1000 ) Time-Opt Cost-Opt

Georgia State snowball.cs.gsu.edu 90 (0.09) 32 11

University, US 8 Intel 1.90GHz CPU, 3.2 GB RAM, 152 GB HD, Linux
H. Furtwangen unimelb.informatik.hs-furtwangen.de 3 4 5
University, Germany 1 Athlon XP 1700+ CPU, 767 MB RAM, 147 GB HD
University of harbinger.calit2.uci.edu 2 8 10
California-Irvine, US 2 Intel P III 930 MHz CPU, 503 MB RAM, 32 GB HD
University of billabong.csse.unimelb.edu.au 6 8 10
Melbourne, Australia 2 Intel(R) 2.40GHz CPU, 1 GB RAM, 35 GB HD
University of gieseking.csse.unimelb.edu.au 6 8 10
Melbourne, Australia 2 Intel(R) 2.40GHz CPU, 1 GB RAM, 71 GB HD
Amazon EC2 * ec2-Medium instance 60 14 16
5 EC2 Compute Units*, 1.7 GB RAM, 350 GB HD
Amazon EC2 * ec2-Medium instance 60 13 16
5 EC2 Compute Units, 1.7 GB RAM, 350 GB HD
Amazon EC2 * ec2-Small instance 30 7 11
1 EC2 Compute Unit, 1.7 GB RAM, 160 GB HD
Amazon EC2 * ec2-Small instance 30 6 11
1 EC2 Compute Unit, 1.7 GB RAM, 160 GB HD
Total Price / Budget Consumed 5.04$ 3.71$
Time
* Amazon charges for 1 hour even if you use VMtofor
Complete
1 sec. Execution
We should force Amazon to change28 min
Charging35Policy
min
52 from 1hr block to actual usage! Or invent a 3rd party service that manages this by leasing smaller slots.
 Execution Console: Setting QoS

53
 Results of Execution on Cloud and other
Distributed Resources
TotalJobs
Rate
Organization Resource Details (Cents per
second*1000 ) Time-Opt Cost-Opt

Georgia State snowball.cs.gsu.edu 90 (0.09) 32 11

University, US 8 Intel 1.90GHz CPU, 3.2 GB RAM, 152 GB HD, Linux
H. Furtwangen unimelb.informatik.hs-furtwangen.de 3 4 5
University, Germany 1 Athlon XP 1700+ CPU, 767 MB RAM, 147 GB HD
University of harbinger.calit2.uci.edu 2 8 10
California-Irvine, US 2 Intel P III 930 MHz CPU, 503 MB RAM, 32 GB HD
University of billabong.csse.unimelb.edu.au 6 8 10
Melbourne, Australia 2 Intel(R) 2.40GHz CPU, 1 GB RAM, 35 GB HD
University of gieseking.csse.unimelb.edu.au 6 8 10
Melbourne, Australia 2 Intel(R) 2.40GHz CPU, 1 GB RAM, 71 GB HD
Amazon EC2 * ec2-Medium instance 60 14 16
5 EC2 Compute Units*, 1.7 GB RAM, 350 GB HD
Amazon EC2 * ec2-Medium instance 60 13 16
5 EC2 Compute Units, 1.7 GB RAM, 350 GB HD
Amazon EC2 * ec2-Small instance 30 7 11
1 EC2 Compute Unit, 1.7 GB RAM, 160 GB HD
Amazon EC2 * ec2-Small instance 30 6 11
1 EC2 Compute Unit, 1.7 GB RAM, 160 GB HD
Total Price / Budget Consumed 5.04$ 3.71$
Time to Complete Execution 28 min 35 min
* Amazon charges for 1 hour even if you use VM for 1 sec.
54 QoS Constraints: Deadline: 40 min. and Budget: $6
 Scheduling for DBC Cost
Optimization

55
 Resource Scheduling for DBC
Time Optimization

56
 Resources Consumed by
Cost and Time Opt. Strategies
Cost-Opt Time-Opt

UniMelb: .006 EC2-m: .06

UniMelb: .006

EC2-m : .06

UCi: .002

EC2-s : .03
EU: .003

EC2-s: .03
Georgia: .09
(most
expensive)

QoS Constraints: Deadline: 40 min. and Budget: $6

Time Cost
Budget Consumed 5.04$ 3.71$

57 Time to Complete 28 min 35 min

Experimental Evaluation is too much of
work and expensive for computing
researchers?

CloudSim: Performance Evaluation Made Easy

*Repeatable, scalable, controllable environment
for modelling and simulation of Clouds
* No need to worry about paying IaaS provides +
CloudSim is FREE!
 Outline

Computer Utilities
Vision and Promising IT Paradigms/Platforms
Cloud Computing and Related Paradigms
Trends, Definition, Cloud Benefits and Challenges
Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
SLA-oriented Resource Allocation
Global Cloud Exchange
Emerging Cloud Platforms
Cloudbus: Melbourne Cloud Computing Project
Summary and Thoughts for Future

60
 Summary

Several Computing Platforms/Paradigms are promising

to deliver Computing Utilities vision
Cloud Computing is the most recent kid in the block promising
to turn vision into reality
Clouds built on: SOA, VMs, Web 2.0 technologies
Many exciting business and consumer applications enabled.
Market Oriented Clouds are getting real
Need to move from static pricing to dynamic pricing
Need strong support for SLA-based resource management
3rd party Composed Cloud services starting to emerge
Building Grids using Clouds is much more realistic.
Extension of idea can lead to Global Cloud Exchange

61
 Dozens of Open Research Issues

(Application) Software Licensing

Seamless integration of private and Cloud resources
Security, Privacy and Trust
Cloud Lock-In worries and Interoperability
Application Scalability Across Multiple Clouds
Clouds Federation and Cooperative Sharing
Global Cloud Exchange and Market Maker
Dynamic Pricing
Dynamic Negotiation and SLA Management
Energy Efficient Resource Allocation and User QoS
Power-Cost and CO2 emission issues
Use renewable energy: follow Sun and wind?
Regulatory and Legal Issues

62
 Convergence of Competing
Paradigms/Communities Needed

} ?
Web
Data Centres
Utility Computing
Service Computing
Grid Computing +
P2P Computing
Cloud Computing
Market-Oriented Ubiquitous
Computing access -Trillion $ business
Reliability - Who will own it?
Scalability
Paradigms Autonomic
Dynamic
discovery
Composability
QoS
SLA

63
Attributes/Capabilities
 References

Blueprint Paper!
R. Buyya, C. S. Yeo, S. Venugopal, J. Broberg, I. Brandic, Cloud Computing and
Emerging IT Platforms: Vision, Hype, and Reality for Delivering Computing as
the 5th Utility, Future Generation Computer Systems (FGCS) Journal, June 2009.
Aneka Documents:
http://www.manjrasoft.com/
The Grid Economy Paper:
R. Buyya, D. Abramson, S. Venugopal, The Grid Economy, Proceedings of the
IEEE, No. 3, Volume 93, IEEE Press, 2005.
MetaCDN Paper:
James Broberg, Rajkumar Buyya, and Zahir Tari, MetaCDN: Harnessing 'Storage
Clouds' for High Performance Content Delivery, Journal of Network and
Computer Applications, ISSN: 1084-8045, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
2009.
Cloudbus Keynote Paper:
R. Buyya, S. Pandey, and C. Vecchiola, Cloudbus Toolkit for Market-
Oriented Cloud Computing, Proceeding of the 1st International
Conference on Cloud Computing (CloudCom 2009, Springer, Germany),
Beijing, China, December 1-4, 2009.

64
 Thanks for your attention!

Are there any

Questions?
Comments/ Suggestions

We Welcome Cooperation in R&D and Business!

http:/www.gridbus.org | www.Manjrasoft.com
rbuyya@unimelb.edu.au | raj@manjrasoft.com

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 Solutions for Cloud Computing

66