Towards

Abstraction
Ye Lang
Liu YanLing
Gao Jian
Qian ZhuoSong
Chen RunXia
Timeline

S 1 1
T 9 9
A 0 1
R 7 7
T
Modernism - Cubism - Dadaism - De Stijl - Constructivism

1 1
9 9
1 1
6 7
The foundation of modernist architecture
Adolf Loos

Austrian architect

Essay: Ornament and Crime

 The Villa Muller is a building designed by Adolf Loos in
1930, located in Prague, Czech Republic.

Visual characteristics
Modernism

Clarity and simplicity

Sociocultural Contexts
The World War I finished and the Great Depression.
New architectural designs.
Villa Muller Completely new architectural designs, including rational,
1930 functional
and more, have been advocated.
Relation
The building is more functional on the
whole and the design is simpler with
streamlined curves and uncomplicated
lines.
Therefore, there are many differences in
comparison with the past historical
contexts.
Adolf Loos against vienna secession, he
became a pioneer modern architecture
and contributed a body of theory and
Vienna Secession Architecture
Austria Vienna The Art Nouveau Karlsplatz
criticism of modern in architecture and
station design.
Cubism

Pablo Picasso - Guernica (1937)

Introduction
Cubism is an early-20th-century art movement, which
perspective with a single viewpoint was abandoned
and use was made of simple geometric shapes,
interlocking planes, and, later, collage.Cubism in its
various forms inspired related movements in music,
literature and architecture.

The movement was pioneered by Georges Braque and

Pablo Picasso, joined by Andre Lhote, Jean Metzinger,
Albert Gleizes, Robert Delaunay, Henri Le Fauconnier,
Fernand Lger and Juan Gris.

One primary influence that led to Cubism was the

representation of three-dimensional form in the late
works of Paul Czanne.
History
Historians have divided the history of Cubism into phases. In one
scheme, the first phase of Cubism, known as Analytic Cubism, a phrase
coined by Juan Gris a posteriori, was both radical and influential as a
short but highly significant art movement between 1910 and 1912 in
France. A second phase, Synthetic Cubism, remained vital until around
1919, when the Surrealist movement gained popularity. English art
historian Douglas Cooper proposed another scheme, describing three
phases of Cubism in his book, The Cubist Epoch. According to Cooper
there was "Early Cubism", (from 1906 to 1908) when the movement was
initially developed in the studios of Picasso and Braque; the second
phase being called "High Cubism", (from 1909 to 1914) during which time
Juan Gris emerged as an important exponent (after 1911); and finally
Cooper referred to "Late Cubism" (from 1914 to 1921) as the last phase
of Cubism as a radical avant-garde movement. Douglas Cooper's
restrictive use of these terms to distinguish the work of Braque, Picasso,
Douglas Cooper
Gris (from 1911) and Lger (to a lesser extent) implied an intentional
value judgement.
Les Demoiselles dAvignon
Pablo Picassos Les Demoiselles dAvignon (The Young
Ladies of Avignon) in 1907 has often being considered a
proto-Cubist work. In its radical distortion of figures, its
rendering of volumes as fragmented planes, and its
subdued palette, this work predicted some of the key
characteristics of later Cubism.

Braque, on seeing Picasso's Les Demoiselles at his studio,

intensified his similar explorations in simplification of form.
He made a series of landscape paintings in the summer of
1908, including Houses at L'Estaque in which trees and
mountains were rendered as shaded cubes and pyramids,
resembling architectural forms. Cubism was introduced to
the public with Braque's one-man exhibition at Daniel-Henry
Kahnweiler's gallery on the rue Vignon in November 1908.
Dada
1916-1923

An Explosion in Art
Dadaism is an important development in western art in the 20th
century. It was the product of the world war one and destroyed
the old European society and cultural order. Dadaism is a fresh
and eccentric movement for the academism, spread to a wide
range of 20th century, all modernist literary schools have had an
impact
Characteristics

- Randomness

- Nothingness

- Anti-art

- Anti-tradition

Misappropriation,
reproduction and collage,
become the main method
of Dadaist art creation
WWI to Dada
During WWI, the society was rigid and
depressed. The artists hope to break the
social status. The thought of anti-art and
anti- government is strong, so that they
want to create a new concept in art.
Dada to modernism
Dada doctrine of the old concept of the 20th century, a
large number of modern and postmodern schools to
birth and rapid development. It is such an advanced
art movement. Without the efforts of the Dadaists,
these are hard to achieve
De
Stijl
De Stijl .Dutch for "The
Style", also known as
neoplasticism, was a Dutch
artistic movement founded
in 1917 in Leiden. De Stijl
consisted of artists and
architects. In a narrower
sense, the term De Stijl is
used to refer to a body of
work from 1917 to 1931
founded in the
Netherlands.Proponents of
De Stijl advocated pure
abstraction and universality
by a reduction to the
essentials of form and
colour; they simplified
visual compositions to
vertical and horizontal,
using only black, white and
primary colors.
Early history

From the flurry of new art movements that followed the Impressionist revolutionary new perception of
painting, Cubism arose in the early 20th century as an important and influential new direction. In the
Netherlands, too, there was interest in this "new art".

However, because the Netherlands remained neutral in World War I, Dutch artists were not able to
leave the country after 1914 and were thus effectively isolated from the international art worldand in
particular, from Paris, which was its centre then.

During that period, painter Theo van Doesburg started looking for other artists to set up a journal and
start an art movement. Van Doesburg was also a writer, poet, and critic, who had been more
successful writing about art than working as an independent artist. Quite adept at making new contacts
due to his flamboyant personality and outgoing nature, he had many useful connections in the art
world.
De Stijl is also the name of a journal that was published by the Dutch painter, designer, writer, and critic Theo van
Doesburg (18831931) that served to propagate the group's theories. Next to van Doesburg, the group's principal
members were the painters Piet Mondrian (18721944), Vilmos Huszr (18841960), and Bart van der Leck
(18761958), and the architects Gerrit Rietveld (18881964), Robert van 't Hoff (18871979), and J. J. P. Oud
(18901963). The artistic philosophy that formed a basis for the group's work is known as neoplasticismthe new
plastic art (or Nieuwe Beelding in Dutch).
The De Stijl influence on architecture remained considerable long after its inception; Mies van der Rohe was among the
most important proponents of its ideas. Between 1923 and 1924, Rietveld designed the Rietveld Schrder House, the
only building to have been created completely according to De Stijl principles. Examples of Stijl-influenced works by J.J.P.
Oud can be found in Rotterdam (Caf De Unie) and Hoek van Holland. Other examples include the Eames House by
Charles and Ray Eames, and the interior decoration for the Aubette dance hall in Strasbourg, designed by Sophie
Taeuber-Arp, Jean Arp and van Doesburg.
Works by De Stijl members are scattered all over the world, but De Stijl-themed exhibitions are organised regularly. Museums with
large De Stijl collections include the Gemeentemuseum in The Hague (which owns the world's most extensive, although not
exclusively De Stijl-related, Mondrian collection) and Amsterdam's Stedelijk Museum, where many works by Rietveld and Van
Doesburg are on display. The Centraal Museum of Utrecht has the largest Rietveld collection worldwide; it also owns the Rietveld
Schrder House, Rietveld's adjacent "show house", and the Rietveld Schrder Archives.

The movement inspired the design aesthetics of Rumyantsevo and Salaryevo stations of Moscow Metro opened in 2016.
Constructivism Art

Constructivism developed in the 1913-20

Era, after the Russian Revolution. Refers
to a sculpture composed of pieces of
metal,glass,wood, cardboard or plastic.
The emphasis is on the potential of the
space, rather than the volume of the
traditional sculpture.
The influence was pervasive, with major effects upon architecture, graphic design, industrial design,
theatre, etc.

Because of the background of industry and Russian Revolution, constructivism has an expression of
elements, but there is no order in these expressions.
He was central to the birth of
Russian Constructivism, often
described as a laboratory
Constructivist, he took lessons
learned from Pablo Picassos
Cubist reliefs and Russian
Futurism, and began creating
objects that sometimes seem
poised between sculpture and
architecture.

By the influence of the new order

of the industrialization of the
October Revolution, began to
abolish the traditionally Vladimir Tatlin
representational function of art
and put it to new.
 History
Russian Futurism:

Cubist Reliefs Proposing a new visual and linguistic Vocabulary for

modern experience.

Pablo Picassos Cubist Reliefs:

Cubists explored open from piercing figures and

objects by letting the space flow through them,
blending background into foreground and showing
object from various angle.

Russian Futurism
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