Seminar

on
ROBOTICS IN AGRICULTURE

Under the Guidance Presented by

Mr. Girish M Anil R
Asst.Professor 4AD13EC004
Dept. of ECE Dept. of ECE
ATME college of Engg. ATME college of Engg.
INTRODUCTION
Robots
A robot is a mechanical, artificial agent and is
usually an electromechanical system. It is a
device that, because of software programming,
makes complicated tasks easy to perform.
How Robot works
They require multiple sensors and controls that allow
them to move in an unknown environment.
 Sensors

Controller/Computer

Drive/Actuator

Arm

End-effectors
ACTUATORS
Definition
Agricultural robotics
Agricultural robotics is the use of automation in bio
systems such as agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. It
is replacing the conventional techniques to perform
the same tasks, with efficiency.
Applying automation to agriculture has helped create
several advancements to the industry while helping
farmers save time.
 Difference between automized
and conventional techniques
Conventional techniques depend on human power
and old techniques.
Robots can work non stop, humans need rest
Human may not be able to work in hazardous
environments
large sized wheels required in muddy soils, robots
small sized wheels perform well.
Robots can detect presence of diseases, weeds,
insect infestations and other stress
WHY IS ROBOTICS NEEDED..?
Speed

Can work in hazardous/dangerous

temperature

Can do repetitive tasks

Can do work with accuracy

TYPES OF ROBOTS USED IN
AGRICULTURE
Fruit picking robot.

Robot for weed control.

Demeter (used for harvesting).

Robot in horticulture.
FRUIT PICKING ROBOT
 The fruit picking robots need to pick ripe fruit
without damaging the branches or leaves of the tree.
The robots must be able to access all areas of the
tree being harvested.
The robot can distinguish between fruit and leaves
by using video image capturing.
The camera is mounted on the robot arm, and the
colours detected are compared with properties stored
in memory.
If a match is obtained, the fruit is picked.
 If fruit is hidden by leaves, an air jet can be used to
blow leaves out the way so a clearer view and access
can be obtained.
It can move, in, out, up, down, and in cylindrical
and spherical motion patterns.
The pressure applied to the fruit is sufficient for
removal from the tree, but not enough to crush the
fruit.
The shape of the gripper depends on the fruit being
picked.
WEED CONTROLLER
A four-wheel-drive weed-seeking robot was developed
and the task of the weed-removing device is to remove
or destroy the weed.
 A four-wheel-drive weed-seeking robot was
developed and the task of the weed-removing device
is to remove or destroy the weed.
Crops that are grown in rows can be weeded by
running a hoe between the crop rows.
An intelligent hoe uses vision systems to identify the
rows of crops, and steer itself accurately between
them, considerably reducing the need for herbicides
Weed identification is based on colour photography.
The equipped robot helps production of weed maps
identifying plant.
DEMETER
Demeter is a robot that can cut crops it looks like a
normal harvester, but can drive by itself without any
human supervision.
 Demeter has cameras on it that can detect the
difference between the crop that has been cut
and crop that hasnt.

Demeter can drive, steer, and control the cutter

head while the operator can focus on other
tasks.

It can follow the path with an accuracy of up

to 3 centimeters.
The Demeter system strives to provide three levels
of automation:
First, a cruise control feature, which will
automatically steer, drive and control the
harvesting header, will be provided to harvester
operators.
drone feature will be provided, allowing one
operator to remotely control several harvesters.
Thirdly, a fully autonomous machine will be
developed that will allow a harvester to completely
harvest a field with no human supervision.
ROBOT IN HORTICULTURE
Robot is used in lawns to cut the grass in lawns. It
can cut any lawn, regardless of its geometric shape.
ADVANTAGES
Agricultural robots are capable of collecting crop
and soil samples.
They are small in size.
They are also capable of moving, spraying
pesticides, finding diseases or parasites, and
performing mechanical weeding.
Agricultural robots may have cameras and sensors
which detect weeds and other forms of stress.
Flying micro robots
Scientists from around the world are designing
midget robots to record images in agricultural
fields.
It is expected that it can be used in agriculture
for the control of weed and insects.
 Vitirover Solar Robot Used In
Vines To Cut Grass and Weeds
The little robot uses the sun to power the electrical motors.
Since the vineyard is large it was a bad idea to store the
energy into a battery and when the battery has lower power to
return at base for recharging the battery.
Using a solar panel this agricultural autonomous machine
could work for hundred hours without pause.
It could cuts grass and weeds to within 2-to-3 cm of vine and
has a speed that allows him to work 500 meters per hour.
Vitirover Solar Robot Vitirover Solar Robot at Work
CONCLUSION
The higher quality products can be sensed by
machines (color, firmness, weight, density, ripeness,
size, shape) accurately. Robots can improve the
quality of our lives but there are downsides.

It may mean a rethinking of how crop production is

done. Crop production may be done better and
cheaper with a swarm of small machines than with a
few large ones.
References
[1]A. English, P. Ross, D. Ball, and P. Corke, Vision based guidance for
robot navigation in agriculture, 2014 IEEE Int. Conf. Robot. Autom.,pp.
16931698, May 2014.
[2] Z. Kalal, K. Mikolajczyk, and J. Matas, Tracking-learning detection,
Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. IEEE Trans., vol. 34, no. 7, pp.14091422,
2012.
[3] K. Van De Sande, T. Gevers, and C. Snoek, Evaluating color
descriptors for object and scene recognition, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal.
Mach. Intell., vol. 32, no. X, pp. 15821596, 2010.
[4] Ollis, Mark & Stentz, Anthony. First Results in Crop Line Tracking.
Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE Conference on Robotics and Automation (
ICRA 96), Minneapolis, MN. April 1996, pp. 951-956.
[5] Ollis, Mark & Stentz, Anthony. Perception for an Automated Harvester.
Proceedings of the 1997 IEEE Conference on Intelligent Robots and
Systems (IROS 97),Grenoble, France. September 1997, pp. 1838-1844.