Ecosystems

Material written by Francesca Costa, Pavia, Italy. This PowerPoint presentation has been downloaded from www.onestopclil.com.
Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008
 Definitions
Our world is composed of living and non-living things. The
living part is called the biosphere.

All living things depend upon each other.

An ecosystem is a small part of the biosphere.

A habitat is where an organism lives.

The environment is the sum of the living and non-living

factors that surround an organism.
Material written by Francesca Costa, Pavia, Italy. This PowerPoint presentation has been downloaded from www.onestopclil.com.
Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008
 Environmental Factors
Each environment has biotic and abiotic factors.

Environment

Abiotic factors Biotic factors

water, air, temperature, soil,

population, communities
precipitation, wind
Material written by Francesca Costa, Pavia, Italy. This PowerPoint presentation has been downloaded from www.onestopclil.com.
Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008
Populations and Communities
Populations are organisms of the
same species living in the same
environment.

Populations co-existing in the same

habitat are called communities.

Material written by Francesca Costa, Pavia, Italy. This PowerPoint presentation has been downloaded from www.onestopclil.com.
Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008
 Habitats
Habitats can change over time and
over seasons.

Animals and plants need to adapt to

these changes.

Material written by Francesca Costa, Pavia, Italy. This PowerPoint presentation has been downloaded from www.onestopclil.com.
Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008
 The Food Chain
Food is a source of energy for all organisms.

The path of this energy is called a food chain.

In each ecosystem the components of a food

chain are divided into three groups: producers,
consumers and decomposers.

Material written by Francesca Costa, Pavia, Italy. This PowerPoint presentation has been downloaded from www.onestopclil.com.
Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008
 The Food Chain

herbivore carnivore or
e.g. grasshopper omnivore
plants e.g. mouse

The Food Chain

carnivores
Material written by Francesca Costa, Pavia, Italy. This PowerPoint presentation has been downloaded from www.onestopclil.com.
carnivores Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008
e.g. snake
 Food Pyramid
If we link the food chains together we obtain a food pyramid.

pelican

1 gram

fish
10 grams

nymphs and larvae

100 grams

water plants
1000 grams
Material written by Francesca Costa, Pavia, Italy. This PowerPoint presentation has been downloaded from www.onestopclil.com.
Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008