PLANT AND ANIMAL

PHYSIOLOGY
PLANT
ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGAN
IS COMPOSED OF DIFFERENT TYPES
OF TISSUES ORGANIZED TOGETHER
TO FUNCTION AS ONE
ORGAN SYSTEM
 IS A GROUP OF ORGANS
ARRANGED TOGETHER TO
PERFORM A SPECIFIC FUNCTION
PHYSIOLOGY
IS THE SCIENCE THAT DEALS WITH
THE FUNCTION OF ORGANS AND
ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGANS OF THE
PLANTS
ROOTS
ARE USUALLY SUBTERRANEAN
ORGAN OF PLANT USED FOR
ANCHORAGE TO THE SOIL
 IT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR
CONDUCTION AND ABSORPTION
OF WATER AND MINERALS FROM
THE SOIL.
THE FIRST ROOT OF THE PLANT
IS RADICLE
 IT ELONGATES DURING
GERMINATION OF THE SEED AND
FORMS THE PRIMARY ROOT.
ROOTS THAT BRANCH FROM THE
PRIMARY ROOT ARE CALLED
SECONDARY ROOT
STEM
ARE AERIAL AND UPRIGHT PART OF
THE PLANT THAT USUALLY BEARS
LEAVES, FLOWER AND FRUITS.
IT IS USED FOR THE CONDUCTION
OF FOOD MATERIALS INSIDE THE
PLANT BODY.
IT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR STORAGE OF
FOOD AND SUPPORT OF THE
PLANT.
LEAVES
 ARE FLAT BROAD STRUCTURE
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
PRODUCTION OF FOOD,
TRANSPIRATION AND RESPIRATION
IT IS USUALLY GREEN IN COLOR DUE
TO CHLOROPLASTID THAT BEAR THE
PIGMENT CALLED CHLOROPHYLL.
 CHLOROPHYLL IS CAPABLE OF
ABSORBING LIGHT ENERGY AND
TRANSFORM IT INTO CHEMICAL
ENERGY THROUGH PROCESS
CALLED PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
FLOWERS
ARE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN OF
THE SEED BEARING PLANTS.
 IT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
FORMATION OF FRUITS AND SEED
DEVELOPMENT TO CARRY OUT
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION.
 THEY ATTRACT ANIMALS SUCH AS
BEES, MOTHS OR HUMMING BIRDS
WHICH THEN TRANSPORT POLLEN
FROM FLOWER TO FLOWER.
FRUITS
 MATURED OVARIES, WHICH
HOLD AND PROTECT THE SEEDS.
SEED
 ARE DEVELOPED OVULES,
WHICH HOLD AND PROTECT THE
EMBRYO.
ORGAN SYSTEMS IN
PLANTS
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
IS A PROCESS BY WHICH
PLANTS MANUFACTURE
THEIR FOOD, MAINLY
SUGAR.
 IT MAKES USE OF CARBON
DIOXIDE, WATER,
CHLOROPHYLL AND LIGHT
ENERGY COMING FROM THE
SUN.
 IT RELEASES OXYGEN AND
WATER AS THE BY PRODUCT
OF PROCESS.
RESPIRATION
 SERIES OF OXIDATION-
REDUCTION REACTIONS
WHEREBY A PLANT CELL
OBTAIN ENERGY THROUGH
BREAKDOWN
CARBOHYDRATES.
TRANSPIRATION
 IS THE PROCESS OF
LOSING WATER THROUGH
ITS LEAVES
ORGAN SYSTEM IN
ANIMALS
REPRODUCTION
IS THE PROCESS OF
PRODUCING AN
OFFSPRING
 TWO TYPES OF
REPRODUCTION
 ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
IS THE PRODUCTION OF NEW
INDIVIDUAL FROM A SINGLE
PARENT CELL.
EXAMPLES
BINARY FISSION
SPLITTING OF ONE PARENT
CELLED ORGANISMS INTO
TWO PARTS
BACTERIA
PARAMECIUM
EUGLENA
FRAGMENTATION OR
MULTIPLE FISSION
 BREAKING OF THE PARENT
CELL INTO MANY PARTS IN
WHICH EACH PART DEVELOPS
INTO NEW INDIVIDUAL SUCH
AS SPROZOA OR MALARIAL
PARASITES.
BUDDING
 THE FORMATION OF NEW
INDIVIDUAL AS A RESULT OF
AN OUTGROWTH FROM THE
PARENT CELL.
SPORULATION
 PROCESS OF RELEASING A
STRUCTURE CALLED SPORES
BY THE PARENT CELLS
FERN
 VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATION
IS THE PROCESS BY
WHICH PLANTS
REPRODUCE BY
ASEXUAL MEANS.
MARCOTTING
GRAFTING
 SEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
IS THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING AN
OFFSPRING THAT DEVELOP FROM
THE UNION OF TWO GAMETE CELL,
THE MALE AND FEMALE SEX CELLS.
COMMUNITY
INTERACTION
RESOURCE- REFERS TO ANY
NECESSITY OF LIFE, SUCH AS
WATER, NUTRIENTS, LIGHT, FOOD
OR SPACE
COMPETITION
IT OCCURS WHEN ORGANISMS OF
THE SAME OR DIFFERENT SPECIES
ATTEMPT TO USE AN ECOLOGICAL
RESOURCE IN THE SAME PLACE AT
THE SAME TIME
PREDATION
 AN INTERACTION IN
WHICH ONE ORGANISM
CAPTURES AND FEEDS ON
ANOTHER
SYMBIOSIS
ANY RELATIONSHIP IN
WHICH TWO SPECIES
CLOSELY TOGETHER.
MUTUALISM
 BOTH SPECIES BENEFIT
FROM THE RELATIONSHIP
BEE AND FLOWER
COMMENSALISM
 ONE MEMBER OF THE
ASSOCIATION BENEFITS AND
OTHER IS NEITHER HELPED
NOR HARMED.
PARASITISM
ONE ORGANISM LIVES ON OR
INSIDE ANOTHER ORGANISM
AND HARMS IT. THE
PARASITE OBTAINS ALL OR
PART OF ITS NUTRITIONAL
NEEDS FROM THE OTHER
ORGANISM,- HOST
COCOON AND TOMATO HORNWORM
TAPEWORM SMALL INTESTINE
FLEAS, TICKS, LICE