KK STUDYCENTRE TUTORIALS

state, thermodynamic property

 Objectives
On the completion of this period, you would be
able to know
State, path, process of thermodynamic system

Quasi static process

Thermodynamic cycle

Thermo dynamic property

Classification of properties
 Recap

In previous period we have studied about

Definition of thermodynamics.

Definition of thermodynamic system.

Classification of thermodynamic systems.

What is property of thermodynamic system?

A property of a system is an observable characteristic of

the system.

The quantities which define the state of the system are

called properties.

Whose value must be independent of the process

The property is a point function

 Classification of properties

Thermodynamic properties are generally divided

into two classes

Intensive properties:
These are independent of mass of the substance
Ex: pressure, temperature, density, specific gravity,
specific volume, surface tension, thermal conductivity
etc.
 Classification of properties (contd..)

2. Extensive properties:

These are dependent on mass of the substance

Examples: mass, weight, enthalpy, entropy, internal energy

etc.
 State

State of the system is a condition and is identified through

certain observable properties such as pressure, volume,

temperature, density etc.

Two independent properties are sufficient

to represent the state.

 Path
The path is the series of states through which the system
passes represented as shown in fig.

Fig 1 P - V diagram
 Thermodynamic process

Thermodynamic process: A system is said to have

undergone a process when heat and work cross its
boundary (state change)
A system is said to have undergone a process if
change of state occurs.
 Thermodynamic process

Examples of thermodynamic processes

1. Expansion or compression of a gas

2. Expansion of steam through a nozzle

3. Conversion of water into steam

 What is quasistatic process?

The process during which the system remains almost in

a state of thermodynamic equilibrium from one end state

to other end state is called quasi static process.

A system exists in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium

when no change in any macroscopic property is

registered if the system isolated from surroundings.

Quasi static process.

Fig 2
 What is the thermodynamic cycle?

When a system from a given state undergoes a number

of different processes and finally return to its initial state,
then the system is said to have under gone a cycle.

Any process whose end states are identical is called a

cycle.

Example: water (steam) that circulates through a steam

power plant under goes a cycle
Thermodynamic cycle

In the fig 4 the system has

under gone a process from
State 1 to state 2 along path A
And again from
State 2 to state 1 along path B
System returns to its initial
state completing a cycle

Fig 3
 Summary

In this period, we have discussed about:

State, path, process of thermo dynamic system

Quasi static process

Thermodynamic cycle

Thermodynamic property

Classification of properties
 QUIZ

1. Identify the property among the following

a) Mass

b) Pressure

c) Weight

d) None of the above

 QUIZ

2. Identify the intensive property

a) Pressure

b) Temperature

c) Specific volume

d) All of the above

 QUIZ

3. Identify extensive property

a) Specific gravity

b) Enthalpy

c) Specific enthalpy

d) Specific volume
 Assignment

1. Define extensive and intensive properties and mention 5

examples for each.

 Frequently asked questions

Define state, property of thermodynamic system?

What is quasi static process?

Define thermo dynamic cycle?

What is intensive property of a system?

What is extensive property of a system?