What is Curriculum?

A document or plan that exist in a school or

school system that defines the work of
teachers, at least to the extent of identifying
the content to be taught to students and
method to be used in the process
 Definitions

Franklin Bobbitt (1876 -1956)

Presented curriculum as a science that
emphasizes on students needs

Ralph Tyler (1902 1994)

Believes that Curriculum is a science and an
extension of schools philosophy based on
students needs and interests.
 Foundation of curriculum

Philosophy
Psychology
Sociology
History
CURRICULUM
DESIGN
 Curriculum
Basic What,
Content approach how, and
taught to T& L why

Why do I teach
this?

Why do we need to
learn this?
 ii. Selecting iii. Organizing
learning learning
experience experience

i. Objectives iv. Evaluation

Tyler
(1949)
 Taba Model (1962)
i. Diagnosis of needs

i
ii. Formulation of objectives

iii. Selection of content

iv. Organization of content

v. Selection of learning experiences

vi. Organization of learning experiences

P
vii. Determination of what to evaluate and ways and means of doing it
What is curriculum management?
Curriculum management is the process
through which educators and
administrators collaborate on the
creation, development, design, review,
approval, assessment, and refinement
of learning content to achieve desired
student outcomes.
(Nancy Howard, 2014)
 1. Curriculum Mapping
Curriculum mapping is really just the first step in any
curriculum management effort. Its a process of tagging and
linking the structural elements of your curriculum (phases,
years, courses, sessions, etc) with each other and with your
learning outcomes and content areas.

Curriculum mapping is essential to curriculum management

because it transforms your curriculum from a series of
documents and experiences into a searchable database that
is an accurate representation of your curriculum.
 2. Curriculum Implementation

This term refers to the act of working out the

plans and suggestions that have been made
by curriculum specialists and subject experts in
a classroom or school setting. .
 3. Curriculum Monitoring
Answering the questions: How are we
doing? Is the curriculum accomplishing
its intended purpose?

Monitoring is important to see if the

curriculum is still relevant and effective.
 4. Curriculum Evaluation

Curriculum evaluation is an essential phase

of curriculum development. Through
evaluation a faculty discovers whether
a curriculum is fulfilling its purpose and
whether students are actually learning. ...
 Research, review, revise

The final step in curriculum management is the

step that makes the whole thing work. You
need to take the data youve gathered from
your content and structure analyses, your
student assessment results, and your program
evaluation feedback, and decide whether or
not curriculum changes are needed.