Antibiotik untuk Kulit

Fauzan Hilman 030 12 102

Sumber: Antimicrobial Chemotherapy And Resistance
http://www.wwnorton.com/college/biology/microbiology2/ch/27/etopics.aspx
 Klasifikasi
Acne dan rosacea
Infeksi bakteri dan luka bakar

topikal Lain-lain

Betalaktam
Makrolid

sistemik


Tetrasiklin
Kuinolon
Linkosamid
TMP/SMX
 Antibotik topikal
Acne dan Infeksi bakteri
Lain-lain
rosacea dan luka bakar
Eritromisin Mupirocin Gramicidin
Klindamisin Retapamulin Clioquinol
Metronidazol Bacitracin
Azelaic acid Polymyxin B
Sulfonamid Aminoglikosida
Dapson topikal
Sulfonamid
Nitrofurazone
 Antibiotik Topikal
Nama obat Sediaan Cara kerja Target
Eritromisin 1.5-2% S,G,P,O 50S inhibitor Gr +/-
Klindamisin 1% S,G,L 50S inhibitor Gr +/-
Metronidazol 0.5% G,C,L; 1% (-)sintesis DNA Anaerob,
C,G protozoa
Azelaic acid C,G Keratinisasi N, mengurangi: Gr +
(dicarboxylic acid) - Ketebalan stratum korneum
- Jumlah/ukuran granul
keratohialin
- Jumlah filaggrin
Sulfonamid C,G,L Kompetisi PABA, Aerob,
(sulfacetamide) (-)sintesis asam folat Gr +/-
Dapson 5% G Antagonis PABA

Ket: O = ointment; P = pledget; S = solution; C = cream; G = gel; L = lotion

 Antibiotik Topikal

Lain-lain

Gentamicin O, C 30S ribosome inhibitor Gr -

Lain-lain
retapamulin O 50S ribosome inhibitor Gr +
ANTIBIOTIK SISTEMIK
Antibiotik Sistemik
ANTIBIOTIK SISTEMIK LAINNYA
 Vankomisin
First line therapy hospital-acquired MRSA
Cara kerja : (-)sintesis peptidoglikan
Target : Gr +
Dosis : 15-20 mg/kg
Efek samping : nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity,
phlebitis at the injection site, hypersensitivity
reactions, and leukopenia.
 oxazolidinone, linezolid
(Zyvox)
Terapi utk MRSA dan VRE
Cara kerja : 50S ribosome inhibitor
Target : Gr +
Dosis : 600mg/hari (2 dosis)
Efek samping : trombositopenia dan
leukopenia reversibel
Quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid)
Terapi utk MRSA dan VRE
Cara kerja : 50S ribosome inhibitor
Target : Gr +
Dosis : 7.5 mg/kg/hari IV (2 dosis) 7 hari
Efek samping : phlebitis, arthralgia, myalgia
 Daptomycin (Cubicin)
Terapi utk MRSA dan VRE
Cara kerja : ?
Target : Gr +
Dosis : 4 mg/kg/hari IV selama 7-14 hari
Efek samping : myopathy, nyeri kepala,
konstipasi
 Ertapenem (Invanz)
Adalah carbapenem long acting
Cara kerja : (-)sintesis dinding sel
Target : Gr +/-
Dosis : 1 g/hari IV 7-14 hari
Efek samping : SSP, reaksi hipersensitivitas
 Tigecycline (Tygacil)
Terapi utk MRSA dan VRE
Cara kerja : 30S ribosome inhibitor
Target : =tetrasiklin
Dosis : 50 mg intravenously twice daily
following a 100-mg loading dose