ARTICLE VII

Section 1. The executive power shall be vested

in the President of the Philippines.
Section 2. No person may be elected President
unless he is a natural-born citizen of the
Philippines, a registered voter, able to read and
write, at least forty years of age on the day of
the election, and a resident of the Philippines
for at least ten years immediately preceding
such election. (qualifications of the president)
Section 3. There shall be a Vice-President who
shall have the same qualifications and term of
office and be elected with, and in the same
manner, as the President. He may be removed
from office in the same manner as the
President.
Executive Power- is the power of the
President to enforce the laws. This
means that the President must carry
out the enforcement of the laws and
oversee their observance by society.
The President as the Head of the State
and Head of Government also
functions as the commander-in-chief
of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
As chief executive, the President
exercises control over all the executive
departments, bureaus, and offices
The President acts as the major/chief executive
officer of the government.
The Vice-President acts as chief second of the
President
The President is assisted by the heads of various
executive departments and other national
government offices in the exercise of his powers.
Collectively, the department heads are referred
to as the Cabinet.
Term of Office refers to the period during which an
officer may claim to hold to office as a matter of
right.
Tenure of Office is the period during which the
incumbent holds the position.
 Section 4. The P and the VP shall be
elected for a term of six years. The
President shall not be eligible for any re-
election. No person who has succeeded as
President and has served as such for more
than four years shall be qualified for
election to the same office at any time. No
Vice-President shall serve for more than
two successive terms. The Supreme Court
shall be the sole judge of all contests
relating to the election.. of President or
Vice-President. (term of office)
Section 8. In case of death, permanent
disability, removal from office, or
resignation of the President, the Vice-
President shall become the President to
serve the unexpired term. In case of death,
permanent disability, removal from office,
or resignation of both the President and
Vice-President, the President of the Senate
or, in case of his inability, the Speaker of
the House of Representatives, shall then
act as President until the President or Vice-
President shall have been elected and
qualified. (order of presidential succession)
 Section 9. Whenever there is a
vacancy in the Office of the Vice-
President during the term for which
he was elected, the President shall
nominate a Vice-President from
among the Members of the Senate
and the House of Representatives
Section 10. The Congress shall after
the vacancy in the offices of the P
and VP occurs, convene and enact a
law calling for a special election to
elect a P and a V.
Section 13. The President, Vice-President, the
Members of the Cabinet shall not, unless
otherwise provided in this Constitution, hold any
other office or employment during their tenure.
They shall not practice any other profession,
participate in any business, or be financially
interested in any contract with the Government
The spouse and relatives by consanguinity or
affinity within the fourth civil degree of the
President shall not, during his tenure, be
appointed as Members of the Constitutional
Commissions, or the Office of the Ombudsman,
or as Secretaries, Undersecretaries, chairmen or
heads of bureaus or offices. (inhibitions)
ARTICLE VII
1. Power to enforce laws
It is the power as much as the duty, of
the Chief Executive to enforce all laws and
judicial decisions. The power to enforce
laws carries with it the power to apply all
possible legal means to ensure compliance
thereof.
2. Power of appointment
It is the act of selection, by the
executive authority, of an individual or
person who is to perform the functions of a
given office.
ARTICLE VII
3. Power of removal
Although the Constitution makes no
mention of the power of the President to
remove public officers he has appointed, this
power may be implied as the power to
appoint carries with it the power to remove.
This means that the President can remove his
appointees at will. The cabinet members or
heads of the executive departments are
appointed by the President and can be
removed anytime by him because they hold
office at his pleasure.
4. Power of control and supervision
Control refers to the power of a superior
officer to alter, modify, nullify or set aside what a
subordinate officer had done in the performance of
his duties and to substitute the judgment of the
former for that of the latter. The Constitution (Art
VII Sec 17) provides that the President shall have
the control of all the executive departments,
bureaus and offices
The President also exercise general
supervision over all local governments. Supervision
means overseeing or the power or authority of the
President to issue rules and regulations to ensure
faithful compliance to his orders
5. Ordinance power
The President of the Philippines has the power to
give executive issuances, which are the means to
streamline the policy and programs of an administration.
6. Military Power
Making the President as the commander-in-chief
of all the armed forces strengthens the principle of
supremacy of civilian authority, at all times, over the
military. As commander-in-chief, the President may
command all the armed forces to suppress lawless
violence, invasion or insurrection; suspend the
privilege of the writ of habeas corpus in case of
invasion or rebellion and when public safety requires
it, and place the Philippines or any part thereof under
martial law.
 The writ of habeas corpus is an order in
writing directed to an officer of the law detaining
another, commanding him to produce the body of
the person being detained at a designated time
and before the court, with the day and cause of his
caption and detention, to do, to submit, and
receive whatever the court or judge awarding the
writ shall consider in his behalf
Martial law refers to that law which has
application when the military arm of the state does
not supersede civil authority but it is called upon to
aid the civilian government in the execution of its
important function. When martial law is declared
by the President, it does not mean that military
authority takes the place of civilian authority.
7. Pardoning power
The President may grant reprieves,
commutations, and pardons, and remit fines and
forfeitures except in cases of impeachment.
Pardon is an act of grace which exempts the
individual on whom it is bestowed from the
punishment which the law inflicts for the offense
he has committed.
Commutation is a reduction of the penalty to
a lighter one as when death sentence is reduced to
life imprisonment.
Reprieve is the postponement of a sentence
to a date certain.
 Remission is a condonation of the financial
obligation and the return of properties confiscated
by reason of the commission of the offense and
conviction of the offender. It means that the
money paid or the things or properties confiscated
from a convict are restored to him.
Amnesty is an act of sovereign power
exercised jointly by the President and the
Congress, of granting oblivion or absolution for a
past offense in favor of certain classes or specially
described class of persons who have committed
political offenses or offenses that undermine the
sovereignty of the State as a political entity like
treason, sedition, or rebellion.
8. Borrowing power
The President may contract or
guarantee foreign loans in behalf of the
Republic of the Philippines. This power
requires prior concurrence of the Monetary
Board and may be limited by the Congress.
9. Power of eminent domain
The power of eminent domain means
the state has the power to seize or authorize
the seizure of private property for public use
with just compensation
10. Diplomatic power
The President, as head of the State, is
the chief diplomatic officer of the nation. As
such, he may deal with other states and their
governments and international
organizations, accept heads of state, grant
or withhold recognition of diplomatic
officials, establish, maintain or sever
diplomatic relations with foreign
governments and entities, enter into treatise
or agreements subject to the concurrence of
at least 2/3 of the members of the Senate
Section 16. The President shall nominate and, with the
consent of the Commission on Appointments, appoint the
heads of the executive departments, ambassadors, other
public ministers and consuls, or officers of the armed
forces from the rank of colonel or naval captain, and other
officers whose appointments are vested in him in this
Constitution.
Section 17. The President shall have control of all the
executive departments, bureaus, and offices. He shall
ensure that the laws be faithfully executed.
Section 18. The President shall be the Commander-in-
Chief of all armed forces of the Philippines and whenever
it becomes necessary, he may call out such armed forces
to prevent or suppress lawless violence, invasion or
rebellion. In case of invasion or rebellion, he may suspend
the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus or place the
Philippines or any part thereof under martial law.
Section 19. The President may grant reprieves,
commutations, and pardons, and remit fines and
forfeitures, after conviction by final judgment.
He shall also have the power to grant amnesty
with the concurrence of a majority of all the
Members of the Congress.
Section 20. The President may contract or guarantee
foreign loans on behalf of the Republic of the
Philippines with the prior concurrence of the
Monetary Board, and subject to such limitations as
may be provided by law.
Section 21. No treaty or international agreement
shall be valid and effective unless concurred in by at
least two-thirds of all the Members of the Senate.
 Section 22. The President shall submit to the
Congress, within thirty days from the opening
of every regular session as the basis of the
general appropriations bill, a budget of
expenditures and sources of financing,
including receipts from existing and proposed
revenue measures.
Section 23. The President shall address the
Congress at the opening of its regular session.
He may also appear before it at any other
time.