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PIPING ASME B31.3
Content
Category D Fluid Service: A fluid service in which all the following apply:
The fluid handled is non flammable, nontoxic and not damaging to
human tissues as defined.
The design gage pressure does not exceed 1035 kPa (150 psi)
The design temperature is from -29 C (-20 F) through 186 C (366 F)
SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS
Definition:
Category M Fluid Service: A fluid service in which the potential for
personnel exposure is judged to be significant and in which a single
exposure to a very small quantity of a toxic fluid, caused by leakage, can
produce serious irreversible harm to persons on breathing or bodily contact,
even when prompt restorative measure are taken
High Pressure Fluid Service: A fluid service for which the owner specified
the use of chapter IX for piping design and construction.
Normal Fluid Service: A fluid service pertaining to most piping covered by
this code i.e., not subject to the rules for Category D, Category M, elevated
temperature, or High Pressure Fluid Service.
EXCLUSION
Internal gage pressure at or above zero but less than 15 psi provided the
fluid handled in non flammable, nontoxic and not damaging to human tissue
as defined and its design temperature is from -29 C (-20 F) through 186 C
(366 F).
Power boilers in accordance with BPV Code Section I and other boiler
external piping which is required to conform to B31.1.
Tubes, tube headers, crossovers and manifolds of fired heaters, which are
internal to heater enclosure.
Pressure vessels, heat exchangers, pumps, compressors and other fluid
handling or processing equipment, including internal piping and
connections for external piping.
FITTINGS, BENDS, MITER, LAPS, BRANCH
CONNECTIONS
Miter: Two or more straight sections of pipe matched and joined in a
plane bisecting the angle of junction so as to produce a change in
direction.
Miter Bends for service cyclic conditions: A miter bend to be used
under severe cyclic conditions shall be made in accordance, welded and
shall have angle < = 22.5 deg.
Spring support
Flange support
Dummy support
Shoe
Anchor
Guide
Pick-up
PIPING JOINTS
Type of piping joints
Welded
Flanged
Threaded
Expanded
VALVES
Function of Valves
Isolation
Regulation
Non-Return
Multi Purpose
Diaphragm
These forms of diaphragm valve are popular for regulating the flow of
slurries and corrosive fluids and for vacuum.
Butterfly valve
Used for liquids , slurries, powders & vacuum. The usual resident plastic
state has a temperature limitation but tight closure at high temperature.
Check Valves
Designed to permit flow of liquid/gas in a one direction and close if flow
reserves.
VALVES
Type of Valves
Gate Valve
Use for water , gas, steam, slurries line suitable for throttling and full flow
use.
Globe Valve
Use for regulating flow should be free from seat stem side, assist closure & to
prevent the disc chattering against the seat in the throttling position.
Control Valve
Its usually chosen to be smaller than line size to avoid throttling & rapid wear
of the seat.
VALVES
Valve Inspection checklist during installation
Flat face
Raised face
Tongue and groove
Male and female
Ring type joint
FLANGES
Classification of Flanges:
Misalignment
Flange face
Rotation of flange ( + or 2.4mm )
Tilt of flange ( shall not exceed 1.6mm from the square position )
Flange face thickness(+ or 1.6mm)
Combination of vertical, horizontal & rotational offset + or 3.2mm)
Except in internally coated pipe each string shall be gauged by passing &
internal gauging plate of not less than 90% of inside dia for pipe size
smaller than 20 inch & 93% for pipe size 20 inch & larger
GASKETS
Type of Gaskets
Qualification Records:
The employer shall maintain copies of the procedure and performance
qualification records specified by Section IX that shall be available to the
Inspector at the location where welding is being done.
WELDING QUALIFICATION
Welding Materials:
Consumable Inserts
INSPECTION, EXAMINATION AND TESTING
Inspection:
Inspection applies to function performed for the owner by the owners
inspector or the inspectors delegates. Reference in B31.3 to the
Inspector are to the owners inspector or the Inspectors delegates.
INSPECTION, EXAMINATION AND TESTING
Examination:
Examination applies to quality control function performed by the
manufacturer (for components only), fabricator or erector. Examiner
refers to a person who performs quality control examinations.
Types of Examination:
Visual Examination
Magnetic Particle Examination
Liquid Penetrant Examination
Radiographic Examination
Ultrasonic Examination
INSPECTION, EXAMINATION AND TESTING
Testing types:
10. All joints (flange, threaded, welded or mechanical seals) are left exposed
for visual leak detection during the strength test.
11. All permanent flange joints were inspected, gasket mat'l verified &
properly torqued.
12. Drains shall be provided at all low points of the piping system.
13. Vents and drain valves, both temporary and permanent,conforms with the
piping class or rating.
14. Supports are installed. Additional temporary support may be installed as
required.
15. Expansion joints and spring hangers or spring supports are provided with
temporary restraints.
16. Arc strikes, gouges, and other indications of careless workmanship (such
as surface porosity, uneven weld profiles, and undercut) shall be removed by
grinding and inspected by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant method.
17. Drains are provided immediately above check valves (vertical lines)
PIPING
Punch list for hydro test:
18. All threaded joints up to the first block valve ofhydrocarbon pipeline are
seal welded. Thread engagement has been verified & accepted.
19. The pressure testing manifold is separately pressure tested to at least 1.2
times the system test pressure but not less than the discharge pressure of the
pump used for the pressure testing.
20. Line compliance with Isometrics:
i. Correct Materials utilized grade/schedule (Bill of Mat'ls)
ii. Correct flange and fittings rating
iii. Construction tolerances per SAES-L-350
Piping
Duties of Piping Inspector