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1
Elements
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Symbols of Elements
Use 1 or 2 letter abbreviations
Capitalize the first letter only
Examples:
C carbon Co cobalt
N nitrogen Ca calcium
F fluorine Br bromine
O oxygen Mg magnesium
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Symbols from Latin Names
Element Symbol Latin name
Copper Cu cuprum
Gold Au aurum
Lead Pb plumbum
Mercury Hg hydrargyrum
Potassium K kalium
Silver Ag argentum
Sodium Na natrium
Tin Sn stannum 4
% Major Elements in the Body
O 65.0 % K 0.34
C 18.0 S 0.26
H 10.0 Na 0.14
N 3.0 Cl 0.14
Ca 1.4 Fe 0.004
P 1.0 Zn 0.003
Mg 0.50
Trace Elements
As, Cr, Co, Cu, F, I, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Si, V 5
The most abundant element in the earths
crust is oxygen.
Learning Check
Select the correct symbol for each:
A. Calcium
1) C 2) Ca 3) CA
B. Sulfur
1) S 2) Sl 3) Su
C. Iron
1) Ir 2) FE 3) Fe
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Solution
B. Sulfur
1) S
C. Iron
3) Fe
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Learning Check
Select the correct name for each:
A. N
1) neon 2) nitrogen 3) nickel
B. P
1) potassium 2) phogiston
3) phosphorus
C. Ag
1) silver 2) agean 3) gold
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Solution
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Periodic Table
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Groups of Elements
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Groups on the Periodic Table
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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Representative Groups
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Location of Some Groups
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A
l m A H
l a I G
k e
k l n a
a t
a o e s
l a
l g r e
i l
i e t s
s
n n
e s
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Periods on the Periodic Table
Numbered 1, 2, 3, .
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Periods on the Periodic Table
1
2
3
4
5
6
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Learning Check
A. Element in Group VIIA, Period 4
1) Br 2) Cl 3) Mn
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Solution
A. Element in Group 7A, period 4
1) Br
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Learning Check
A. Element in Group VIIA, period 4
1) Br 2) Cl 3) Mn
B. Element in Group IIA, Period 3
1) beryllium 2) magnesium 3) boron
D. Nonmetals in Group VA
1) As, Sb, Bi 2) N, P, As 3) N, P, As, Sb
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Solution
A. Element in Group VIIA, period 4
1) Br
B. Element in Group IIA, Period 3
2) magnesium
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Metals and Nonmetals
Metals
Located to the left of the heavy line
Shiny, malleable
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Nonmetals
Located to the right of the heavy line
Dull and brittle
Poor conductors, good insulators
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Metals and Nonmetals
Transition
metals
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Learning Check
Specify metal (1) or nonmetal (2) for each:
A. sulfur ____
B. chlorine ____
C. sodium ____
D. iron ____
E. carbon ____
F. silver ____
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Solution
Specify metal (1) or nonmetal (2) for each:
A. sulfur 2
B. chlorine 2
C. sodium 1
D. iron 1
E. carbon 2
F. silver 1
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Learning Check
B. Nonmetals in Group VA
1) As, Sb, Bi
2) N, P, As
3) N, P, As, Sb
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Solution
A. Metals in Group 4A
1) Ge, Sn, Pb
B. Nonmetals in Group 5A
2) N, P, As
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