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Vessels
Physiotherapy and Occupational
Therapy
Dr Sil Wallach
Objectives
This lecture should enable you to
Describe the basic structure of arteries,
veins and capillaries
Describe the 3 types of circulation
Describe the major arteries and veins of
the body
Know the main pulse points
Describe the lymph system
Structure of Blood Vessels
Tunica Media
Tunica Adventitia Smooth muscle
Connective tissue: protective, anchoring Fibroelastic connective tissue
Vasa vasorum: blood supply for vessel
Arteries (1)
Tunica
adventitia
Tunica
media
Tunica
intima
Arterioles (resistance)
Diameter < 100µm, TM contains much smooth muscle
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerotic
plaque
Tunica
adventitia
Tunica
intima
Tunica
media
Blood flows
backwards, from deep
to superficial veins
Exchange of O2,
nutrients, waste
Need to be thin
Flattened endothelial
cells on basement
membrane
Capillaries (2)
Types of capillary
Continuous e.g. skin
Fenestrated allow
extensive exchange
with blood e.g. gut,
kidneys
Sinusoidal – little
barrier to exchange
e.g liver
TYPES OF CIRCULATION
Systemic: around
body via arteries,
capillaries and veins
Pulmonary: lungs