Analysis of Beams

and Frames
Theory of Structure - I
Lecture Outlines
Internal Loadings at a Specified Point
Shear and Moment Functions

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Internal Loadings at a
Specified Point
V
M M
N N

N N

V
M M

V
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Technology, Taxila, Pakistan

Example 4-1

Determine the internal shear and moment acting in the cantilever beam shown in
the figure at sections passing through points C and D.

5 kN 5 kN 5 kN 5 kN 5 kN

1m 1m 1m 1m 1m
20 kNm
A C B
D

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 SOLUTION

5 kN 5 kN 5 kN
MC
1m 1m 1m
0 = NC 20 kNm
VC B
C

+ SFy = 0: VC -5 - 5 - 5 = 0, VC = 15 kN

+ SMC = 0: -MC -5(1) - 5(2) - 5(3) -20 = 0, MC = -50 kN

5 kN 5 kN 5 kN 5 kN
MD
1m 1m 1m
0 = ND 20 kNm
VD B
D

+ SFy = 0: VD -5 - 5 - 5 -5 = 0, VD = 20 kN

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+ SMD = 0: -MD -5(1) - 5(2) - 5(3) -20 = 0, MD = -50 kN
5
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Example 4-2

Determine the internal shear and moment acting at a section passing through
point C in the beam shown in the figure.

20 kN/m

A B
C
3m
9m

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 SOLUTION
(1/2)(9)(20) = 90 kN
(2/3)9 = 6 m 20 kN/m

A
0 = Ax B
C
30 kN = Ay By = 60 kN
9m

+ SMA = 0: By(9) - 90(6), By = 60 kN

+ SFy = 0: Ay - 90 + 60 = 0 Ay = 30 kN
1m

+ SFy = 0:
10 kN
3
( 20)
9 -VC - 10 + 30 = 0, VC = 20 kN
MC
NC = 0 + SMC = 0:
C V = 20 kN
30 kN C
MC + 10(1) - 30(3) = 0, MC = 80 kNm
3m
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Example 4-3

The 40 kN force in the figure is supported by the floor panel DE, which in turn is
simply supported at its ends by floor beams. These beams transmit their loads to
the sumply supported girder AB. Determine the internal shear and moment acting
at point C in the girder.

40 kN

2m 2m 0.6 m 1.4 m 2m

A B
2.5 m C

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 40 kN
SOLUTION
2m 2m 0.6 m 1.4 m 2m

A B
2.5 m C 40 kN

0.6 m 1.4 m

28 kN 12 kN

28 kN 12 kN
4m

C 6m
17 kN 23 kN 9
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 28 kN 12 kN
2.5 m

C
17 kN 23 kN

2.5 m MC
NC = 0
C
17 kN VC

+ SFy = 0:
-VC + 17 = 0, VC = 17 kN

+ SMC = 0:
MC - 17(2.5) = 0, MC = 42.5 kNm
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Shear and MomentPFunctions
w

A D
B C
x1

x2

x3

OR
P
w

A D
B C
x1 x2 x3

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Example 4-4

Determine the shear and moment in the beam shown in the figure as a function of
x.

10 kN/m

9m

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 SOLUTION (1/2)(9)(10) = 45 kN
10 kN/m

270 kNm
(2/3)(9) = 6 m
45 kN
9m

1 x x2
( )( x)( 10) 5
2 9 9 x
9
10 + SFy = 0:
45 kN M 5x 2
V 45 0
N =0 9
5x 2
270 kNm x V 45
3 V 9
x
+ SMx = 0:
5x 2 x
M ( ) 45 x 270 0
9 3
5x 2 x
M ( ) 45 x 270
9 3
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Example 4-5

Determine the shear and moment in the beam shown in the figure as a function of
x1, x3, x3, and x4.

265 kN
60 kN/m

135 kNm
4m
6m
x1 x3
x2 x4

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 SOLUTION
265 kN
60 kN/m

3420 kNm 1350 kNm

4m
505 kN
6m

60x1
+ SFy = 0: 505 - 60x1 - V = 0
3420 kNm V = 505 - 60x1
x
505 kN x1 V M + SMx1 = 0: M 60 x1 ( 1 ) 505 x1 3420 0
2
M 30 x1 505 x1 3420
2

240

3420 kNm + SFy = 0: 505 -240 - V = 0

2m x2 -2 V = 265 kN
505 kN
x2 V M
+ SMx2 = 0: M 240( x2 2) 505x2 3420 0

M 265x2 2940
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 265 kN
60 kN/m

3420 kNm 1350 kNm

4m
505 kN
6m

240 kN/m
M
3420 kNm
2m 2m x3
505 kN V

+ SFy = 0: 505 - 240 - V = 0

V = 265 kN

+ SMx3 = 0: M 240( x3 2) 505( x3 4) 3420 0

M 265x3 1880

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University of Engineering and
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 265 kN
60 kN/m

3420 kNm 1350 kNm

4m
505 kN
6m

265 kN
V
M
1350 kNm
x4

+ SFy = 0: V - 265 = 0
V = 265 kN

+ SMx3 = 0: M 265x4 1350 0

M 265x4 1350

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Example 4-6

Determine the shear and moment in the beam shown in the figure as a function of
x.

30 kN/m
10 kN/m

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 90 kN 90 kN

20 kN/m
10 kN/m
4.5 m
6m
9m
75 kN 105 kN

1 x + SFy = 0:
( 20)( ) x
10x 2 9 20 x kN / m 1 x
75 10 x [ (20)( ) x] V 0
9 2 9
10 kN/m
V 75 10 x 1.11x 2
M
x + SMx = 0:
3 V x 1 x x
x x 75 x (10 x)( ) [ (20)( ) x]( ) M 0
2 2 9 3
75 kN 2 2
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Department of Civil Engineering 20
University of Engineering and
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