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Maxim of Politeness
Metalinguistic Aspects of Politeness
Irony and Banter principle principles
Hyperbole and Litotes
Politeness concerns a relationship between
self and other. In conversation, self is
identified as the speaker and other is the
hearer. Beside that, the speaker also shows
politeness to the third parties who may be
present or not in speech situation.
Maxims of Politeness
I TACT MAXIM (a) Minimize cost to other (b) Maximize benefit to other
II GENEROSITY MAXIM(a) Minimize benefit to self (b) Maximize praise to other
III APPROBATION MAXIM (a) Minimize dispraise of other (b) Maximizing praise of other
IV MODESTY MAXIM(a) Minimize praise of self (b) Maximize dispraise of self
V AGREEMENT MAXIM(a) Maximize agreement between self and other (b )Minimize
disagreement between self and other
VI SYMPATHY MAXIM(a) Minimize antipathy between self and other(b) Maximize sympathy
between self and other.
GENEROSITY MAXIM
TACT MAXIM
Like tact maxim, the generosity
This maxim is applied in such speech
maxim occurs in commissives and
acts as commissives and directives.
directives.This maxim is centered to
Wont you sit down? self, while the tact maxim is to other.
The speaker uses indirect utterance ''You relax and let me do the dishes
to be more polite and minimizing cost
In this case the speaker implies that
to the hearer. This utterance implies
cost of the utterance is to his self.
that sitting down is benefit to the
Meanwhile, the utterance implies
hearer.
that benefit is for the hearer.
APPROBATION MAXIM