CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION
2. HISTORY OF SATELLITES
3. IRNSS COVERAGE
4. WHAT IS IRNSS?
5. WHY IRNSS?
6. WHAT WOULD IRNSS WOULD DO?
7. GROUND SEGMENT
8. SIGNALS
9. HOW MANY SATELLITES ARE THERE IN IRNSS?
10. APPLICATION
11. CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION

The system was developed partly because access to

foreign government-controlled global navigation
satellite systems is not guaranteed in hostile situations,
as happened to the Indian military in 1999 when it was
dependent on the American Global Positioning System
(GPS) during the Kargil War. The Indian government
approved the project in May 2006.
 HISTORY OF SATELLITES
First satellite that was used for communication purpose in
INDIA was ARYABHATTA (19 April 1975)
The first geostationary communication satellite
SYNCOM3(19 Aug 1963).
Father of geostationary communication satellite is-
HAROLD ROSEN (Aircraft engineer)
The world's first artificial satellite is the Sputnik 1
was launched in 1957
 IRNSS COVERAGE

1,500-2,000 kms around Indian land-mass

SAARC countries can use IRNSS navigation system
SAARC members countries included are
1. India.
2. Afghanistan.
3. Bangladesh.
4. Bhutan.
5. Maldives.
6. Nepal.
7. Pakistan.
8. Sri Lanka.
 WHAT IS IRNSS?
IRNSS stands for INDIAN REGIONAL
NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM.
It is an autonomous body which is under the
control of government and maintained by
INDIAN SPACE REASEARCH
ORGANISATION(ISRO).
 WHY IRNSS?
Access to foreign government-controlled
global navigation satellite systems (GPS)
is not guaranteed in hostile situations.
Indian military was depending on American
GPS during Wars.
WHAT WOULD IRNSS WOULD DO?
It would accurately detect position navigation
and time of an object.
It would provide two services one for
providing standard position for civilians and
for restricted use for military purposes.
It would function similar to GPS.
 GROUND SEGMENT
Ground Segment is responsible for the maintenance and operation
of the IRNSS constellation. The Ground segment
comprises:
IRNSS Spacecraft Control Facility (IRSCF)
ISRO Navigation Centre (INC)
IRNSS Range and Integrity Monitoring Stations (IRIMS)
IRNSS Network Timing Centre (IRNWT)
IRNSS CDMA Ranging Stations (IRCDR)
Laser Ranging Stations
IRNSS Data Communication Network(IRDCN)
 SIGNALS

NAVIC signals will consist of a Standard Positioning Service and a

Precision Service. Both will be carried on L5 (1176.45 MHz) and S
band (2492.028 MHz). The SPS signal will be modulated by a 1 MHz
BPSK signal. The Precision Service will use BOC(5,2). The navigation
signals themselves would be transmitted in the S-band frequency (2
4 GHz) and broadcast through a phased array antenna to maintain
required coverage and signal strength. The satellites would weigh
approximately 1,330 kg and their solar panels generate 1,400 watts.
All microwave frequencies works on atomic clock for accurate results
HOW MANY SATELLITES ARE THERE IN
IRNSS?
There are 7 satellites in the IRNSS system they
are:
IRNSS-1A
IRNSS-1A was the first navigational satellite in the Indian Regional
Navigation
Satellite System series of satellites to be placed in
geosynchronous orbit. The satellite
was launched on-board PSLV-C22 on 1 July 2013.
Centre at Sriharikota. It will provide IRNSS services to the Indian
public, which would be a system similar to Global Positioning
System (GPS) but only for India and the region around it.

IRNSS-1B
IRNSS-1B is the second out of seven in the Indian Regional
Navigation SatelliteSystem.
It was very precisely and successfully placed in its orbit through
PSLV-C24 rocket on 4 April 2014. The satellite will provide
navigation, tracking and mapping services.
IRNSS-1C
IRNSS-1C is the third out of seven in the Indian Regional
Navigation Satellite System series of satellites. The satellite
was successfully launched using India's PSLV-C26 from the
Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota on 16 October
2014.
The navigational system so developed will be a regional
one targeted towards South Asia. The satellite will provide
navigation, tracking and mapping services.

IRNSS-1D
IRNSS-1D is the fourth out of seven in the Indian Regional
Navigation Satellite
System series of satellites system. It was successfully launched
using India's PSLV-C27 on 28 March 2015. The satellite will
provide navigation, tracking and mapping services.
IRNSS-1E
IRNSS-1E is the fifth out of seven in the Indian Regional Navigation
Satellite
System series of satellites system. It was successfully launched on
January 20, 2016 using India's PSLV-C31. The satellite will provide
navigation, tracking and mapping services.

IRNSS-1F & IRNSS-1G

IRNSS-1F will be the sixth and IRNSS-1G will be seventh of the
Indian Regional
Navigation Satellite System series of satellites. Their launches
are planned for March
and April 2016. Satellites slated to be launched to provide
navigational services to the region.
 APPLICATION
1.NAVIGATION
2.Surveying and Mapping
3.GPS tracking
4.Mobile communication
5.Terrestrial, Aerial and Marine Navigation
6.Disaster Management
7.Vehicle tracking and fleet management
8.Integration with mobile phones
9.Precise Timing
10.Mapping and Geodetic data capture
11.Terrestrial navigation aid for hikers and travellers
12.Visual and voice navigation for drivers
 CONCLUSION
IRNSS is the system which is used for
navigation and to track the satellites and used
for uplink and downlink of the system.
There are 21 ranging stations if one fails other
has to take over one function.
 REFERENCES
1.www.isro.gov.in/irnss-programme.
2.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Regional_Navigation_Satelli
te_System
Thank you