Well testing

Prepared by: Said BEN ABDALLAH

Well Testing

2012 1
Outlines
Objectives of well testing;
Importance of well testing;
Types of well tests and their applications;
Data required for the well testing;
Well test planning;
Typical layout of well test setup;
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Objectives of well testing
Well testing: technique and method for the
evaluation of well conditions and reservoir
characteristics.
It involves producing a well at a constant rate
or series of rates, some of which may be zero
(well closed in), while simultaneously taking
a continuous recording of the changing
pressure in the well bore using some form of
pressure recording device.
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Importance of well testing
Well testing allows to determine the following
parameters:
Initial pressure (p)
Average pressure within the drainage boundary
(p)
Permeability thickness product (kh) and
permeability (k)
Mechanical skin factor (S)
Area drained (A)
Dietz shape factor (CA)
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Importance of well testing
Drilling phase
Open hole testing(Descriptive )
DST
RFT
Completion Phase
Productivity Tests
Production phase
Cased hole testing
Descriptive Tests

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Types of well tests and their applications

Well testing

Productivity Well Test Descriptive/Reservoir Test

Evaluate Reservoir parameters

Identify produced fluids Skin, Flow Efficiency, Productivity index
Measure reservoir pressure and temperature Permeability
Obtain samples for PVT analysis Reservoir pressure
Evaluate completion efficiency Characterize reservoir heterogeneity
Evaluate work over or stimulation treatments Reservoir extent/geometry
Hydraulic communication
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Data required for the well testing
Core, log data
RFT, pressure depth profiles
Geological model
Drive mechanism
PVT fluid properties(Pb, Bo,Co, 0)
Well completion(partial completion and partial penetration)
Tests in neighbouring wells completed in the same reservoir
Equipment (position of pressure gauge from reservoir
datum depth)

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Well test planning
Before designing a test an engineer should ensure
that there should not be:
more than one zone open to wellbore
inter-zone communication due to poor
cement bond
partial zone completion
It includes:
Test type
Test duration
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Typical layout of well test setup

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Test flow Head
It provides a means of surface well control when completing,
testing, or performing live well intervention operations.
Two wing valves connect to the kill and flow manifolds to
control the flow of the wellbore fluids.
Valve actuators are controlled from a console located on the
rig floor and link to the emergency shutdown system for the
flow wing valve. This configuration allows for remote shut-in
of the well at the flow head.
A dynamic swivel is located between the main valve block and the
lower master valve, allowing rotation of the string without rotating
the flow head, and preventing any rig movement from transferring
torque.

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Test flow Head

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Emergency Shutdown station
It controls surface safety valve on the flow head and
permits manual or remote closure in response to a
pipe leak or break, equipment malfunction, fire, or
similar emergency. The ESD system is also used to
reopen the valve and, if needed, can control an
additional surface safety valve upstream of the
choke.

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Emergency Shutdown station

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Choke Manifold
Choke manifold consists of four manual gate
valves (five if a bypass valve is included). It is used to
control the flow rate and to reduce well pressure
before the flow enters the processing equipment.

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Data header
The data header allows connection of pressure and
temperature monitoring equipment, as well as
sampling or injection equipment.

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3-Phase Test Separator
3-phase test separator is an instrumented pressure
vessel designed to efficiently separate well effluent
into oil, gas and water

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Surge tank
It is designed to store liquid hydrocarbons after
separation. The surge tank is used to measure liquid
flow rates, as well as the combined shrinkage and
meter factor.
It can also be used as a second stage separator and
hold a constant backpressure by using its automatic
pressure control valve on the gas outlet.

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Surge tank

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Gauge tank
It is used to measure low flow rates or to calibrate
metering devices on the separator oil lines in a
testing system.

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 Oil and Gas Manifold
It diverts oil or gas, without flow interruption, from
the separator to crude oil burner for disposal, to
surge tank or gauge tank for measurements or
storage, or to a production line.

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 Crude Oil Transfer Pumps
Crude oil transfer pumps are designed to pump oil
from a tank to a burner or from a tank into an
existing flow line.

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 Crude Oil Burner
It is for oil and gas burning for onshore and offshore
exploration and development well testing and
cleanup. It provides an efficient and cost-effective
alternative to oil storage.

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 Indirect-Fired Heater
It used to raise the temperature of well effluents to
prevent hydrate formation, reduce viscosity, and
break down emulsions.

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Thank you for your
attention

Prepared by: Said BEN ABDALLAH
Well Testing

2012
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